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The ape that thought it was a peacock: Does evolutionary psychology exaggerate sex differences?
Psychological Inquiry, Volume: 24, Pages: 137 - 168
Swansea University Authors: Steve Stewart-Williams, Andrew Thomas
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DOI (Published version): 10.1080/1047840X.2013.804899
Abstract
This article looks at the evolution of sex differences in sexuality in human beings, and asks whether evolutionary psychology sometimes exaggerates these differences. According to a common understanding of sexual selection theory, females in most species invest more than males in their offspring and...
Published in: | Psychological Inquiry |
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2013
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URI: | https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa14627 |
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2014-03-04T10:37:30.0007860 v2 14627 2013-04-22 The ape that thought it was a peacock: Does evolutionary psychology exaggerate sex differences? 1296cac0a5504263ae725614f97dc0f8 Steve Stewart-Williams Steve Stewart-Williams true false a43308ae6d7f5b8d5ab0daff5b832a96 0000-0001-5251-7923 Andrew Thomas Andrew Thomas true false 2013-04-22 This article looks at the evolution of sex differences in sexuality in human beings, and asks whether evolutionary psychology sometimes exaggerates these differences. According to a common understanding of sexual selection theory, females in most species invest more than males in their offspring and, as a result, males compete for as many mates as possible, whereas females choose from among the competing males. The males-compete/females-choose (MCFC) model applies to many species, but is misleading when applied to human beings. This is because males in our species commonly contribute to the rearing of the young, which reduces the sex difference in parental investment. Consequently, sex differences in our species are relatively modest. Rather than males competing and female choosing, humans have a system of mutual courtship: Both sexes are choosy about long-term mates and both sexes compete for desirable mates. We call this the mutual mate choice (MMC) model. Although much of the evolutionary psychology literature is consistent with this model, the traditional MCFC model exerts a strong influence on the field, distorting the emerging picture of the evolved sexual psychology of Homo sapiens. Specifically, it has led to the exaggeration of the magnitude of human sex differences, an overemphasis on men’s short-term mating inclinations, and a relative neglect of male mate choice and female mate competition. We advocate a stronger focus on the MMC model. Journal Article Psychological Inquiry 24 137 168 Evolutionary Psychology; Human Mating; Mutual Mate Choice; Sex Differences; Sexual Selection; Sexual Dimorphism 31 12 2013 2013-12-31 10.1080/1047840X.2013.804899 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University 2014-03-04T10:37:30.0007860 2013-04-22T15:54:05.4453654 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Psychology Steve Stewart-Williams 1 Andrew Thomas 0000-0001-5251-7923 2 |
title |
The ape that thought it was a peacock: Does evolutionary psychology exaggerate sex differences? |
spellingShingle |
The ape that thought it was a peacock: Does evolutionary psychology exaggerate sex differences? Steve Stewart-Williams Andrew Thomas |
title_short |
The ape that thought it was a peacock: Does evolutionary psychology exaggerate sex differences? |
title_full |
The ape that thought it was a peacock: Does evolutionary psychology exaggerate sex differences? |
title_fullStr |
The ape that thought it was a peacock: Does evolutionary psychology exaggerate sex differences? |
title_full_unstemmed |
The ape that thought it was a peacock: Does evolutionary psychology exaggerate sex differences? |
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The ape that thought it was a peacock: Does evolutionary psychology exaggerate sex differences? |
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Steve Stewart-Williams Andrew Thomas |
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Steve Stewart-Williams Andrew Thomas |
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Psychological Inquiry |
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This article looks at the evolution of sex differences in sexuality in human beings, and asks whether evolutionary psychology sometimes exaggerates these differences. According to a common understanding of sexual selection theory, females in most species invest more than males in their offspring and, as a result, males compete for as many mates as possible, whereas females choose from among the competing males. The males-compete/females-choose (MCFC) model applies to many species, but is misleading when applied to human beings. This is because males in our species commonly contribute to the rearing of the young, which reduces the sex difference in parental investment. Consequently, sex differences in our species are relatively modest. Rather than males competing and female choosing, humans have a system of mutual courtship: Both sexes are choosy about long-term mates and both sexes compete for desirable mates. We call this the mutual mate choice (MMC) model. Although much of the evolutionary psychology literature is consistent with this model, the traditional MCFC model exerts a strong influence on the field, distorting the emerging picture of the evolved sexual psychology of Homo sapiens. Specifically, it has led to the exaggeration of the magnitude of human sex differences, an overemphasis on men’s short-term mating inclinations, and a relative neglect of male mate choice and female mate competition. We advocate a stronger focus on the MMC model. |
published_date |
2013-12-31T03:16:44Z |
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11.037319 |