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Effects of unidirectional flow shear stresses on the formation, fractal microstructure and rigidity of incipient whole blood clots and fibrin gels

N. Badiei, A.M. Sowedan, Daniel Curtis Orcid Logo, Rowan Brown Orcid Logo, Matthew Lawrence, A.I. Campbell, A. Sabra, Adrian Evans Orcid Logo, J.W. Weisel, I.N. Chernysh, C. Nagaswami, Rhodri Williams Orcid Logo, Karl Hawkins Orcid Logo

Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, Volume: 60, Issue: 4, Pages: 451 - 464

Swansea University Authors: Daniel Curtis Orcid Logo, Rowan Brown Orcid Logo, Matthew Lawrence, Adrian Evans Orcid Logo, Rhodri Williams Orcid Logo, Karl Hawkins Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.3233/ch-151924

Abstract

Incipient clot formation in whole blood and fibrin gels was studied by the rheometric techniques of controlled stress parallel superposition (CSPS) and small amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS). The effects of unidirectional shear stress on incipient clot microstructure, formation kinetics and elasti...

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Published in: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation
ISSN: 1386-0291 1875-8622
Published: IOS Press 2015
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa20275
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The effects of unidirectional shear stress on incipient clot microstructure, formation kinetics and elasticity are reported in terms of the fractal dimension (df) of the fibrin network, the gel network formation time (TGP) and the shear elastic modulus, respectively. The results of this first haemorheological application of CSPS reveal the marked sensitivity of incipient clot microstructure to physiologically relevant levels of shear stress, these being an order of magnitude lower than have previously been studied by SAOS. CSPS tests revealed that exposure of forming clots to increasing levels of shear stress produces a corresponding elevation in df, consistent with the formation of tighter, more compact clot microstructures under unidirectional flow. A corresponding increase in shear elasticity was recorded. The scaling relationship established between shear elasticity and df for fibrin clots and whole blood confirms the fibrin network as the dominant microstructural component of the incipient clot in terms of its response to imposed stress. Supplementary studies of fibrin clot formation by rheometry and microscopy revealed the substantial additional network mass required to increase df and provide evidence to support the hypothesis that microstructural changes in blood clotted under unidirectional shear may be attributed to flow enhanced thrombin generation and activation. CSPS also identified a threshold value of unidirectional shear stress above which no incipient clot formation could be detected. 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spelling 2022-11-02T16:24:37.5069754 v2 20275 2015-03-09 Effects of unidirectional flow shear stresses on the formation, fractal microstructure and rigidity of incipient whole blood clots and fibrin gels e76ff28a23af2fe37099c4e9a24c1e58 0000-0002-6955-0524 Daniel Curtis Daniel Curtis true false d7db8d42c476dfa69c15ce06d29bd863 0000-0003-3628-2524 Rowan Brown Rowan Brown true false 262d0cae7663ded863d6e2de15757f3c Matthew Lawrence Matthew Lawrence true false 21761f6eb805546a561c9f036e85405b 0000-0002-0814-5162 Adrian Evans Adrian Evans true false 642bf793695f412ed932f1ea4d9bc3f1 0000-0002-6912-5288 Rhodri Williams Rhodri Williams true false 77c39404a9a98c6e2283d84815cba053 0000-0003-0174-4151 Karl Hawkins Karl Hawkins true false 2015-03-09 CHEG Incipient clot formation in whole blood and fibrin gels was studied by the rheometric techniques of controlled stress parallel superposition (CSPS) and small amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS). The effects of unidirectional shear stress on incipient clot microstructure, formation kinetics and elasticity are reported in terms of the fractal dimension (df) of the fibrin network, the gel network formation time (TGP) and the shear elastic modulus, respectively. The results of this first haemorheological application of CSPS reveal the marked sensitivity of incipient clot microstructure to physiologically relevant levels of shear stress, these being an order of magnitude lower than have previously been studied by SAOS. CSPS tests revealed that exposure of forming clots to increasing levels of shear stress produces a corresponding elevation in df, consistent with the formation of tighter, more compact clot microstructures under unidirectional flow. A corresponding increase in shear elasticity was recorded. The scaling relationship established between shear elasticity and df for fibrin clots and whole blood confirms the fibrin network as the dominant microstructural component of the incipient clot in terms of its response to imposed stress. Supplementary studies of fibrin clot formation by rheometry and microscopy revealed the substantial additional network mass required to increase df and provide evidence to support the hypothesis that microstructural changes in blood clotted under unidirectional shear may be attributed to flow enhanced thrombin generation and activation. CSPS also identified a threshold value of unidirectional shear stress above which no incipient clot formation could be detected. CSPS was shown to be a valuable haemorheological tool for the study of the effects of physiological and pathological levels of shear on clot properties. Journal Article Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation 60 4 451 464 IOS Press 1386-0291 1875-8622 Gel Point; Clotting Time; Fractal Dimension; Shear Stress; Controlled Stress Parallel Superposition 12 10 2015 2015-10-12 10.3233/ch-151924 COLLEGE NANME Chemical Engineering COLLEGE CODE CHEG Swansea University This work was supported by EPSRC(UK) grants EP/C513037/ 1 and EP/I019405/1 and a NISCHR BRU award 2022-11-02T16:24:37.5069754 2015-03-09T08:11:56.5826409 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Medicine N. Badiei 1 A.M. Sowedan 2 Daniel Curtis 0000-0002-6955-0524 3 Rowan Brown 0000-0003-3628-2524 4 Matthew Lawrence 5 A.I. Campbell 6 A. Sabra 7 Adrian Evans 0000-0002-0814-5162 8 J.W. Weisel 9 I.N. Chernysh 10 C. Nagaswami 11 Rhodri Williams 0000-0002-6912-5288 12 Karl Hawkins 0000-0003-0174-4151 13 0020275-21032017154738.pdf badiei2015.pdf 2017-03-21T15:47:38.5700000 Output 599336 application/pdf Version of Record true 2017-03-21T00:00:00.0000000 Distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY-4.0) false eng
title Effects of unidirectional flow shear stresses on the formation, fractal microstructure and rigidity of incipient whole blood clots and fibrin gels
spellingShingle Effects of unidirectional flow shear stresses on the formation, fractal microstructure and rigidity of incipient whole blood clots and fibrin gels
Daniel Curtis
Rowan Brown
Matthew Lawrence
Adrian Evans
Rhodri Williams
Karl Hawkins
title_short Effects of unidirectional flow shear stresses on the formation, fractal microstructure and rigidity of incipient whole blood clots and fibrin gels
title_full Effects of unidirectional flow shear stresses on the formation, fractal microstructure and rigidity of incipient whole blood clots and fibrin gels
title_fullStr Effects of unidirectional flow shear stresses on the formation, fractal microstructure and rigidity of incipient whole blood clots and fibrin gels
title_full_unstemmed Effects of unidirectional flow shear stresses on the formation, fractal microstructure and rigidity of incipient whole blood clots and fibrin gels
title_sort Effects of unidirectional flow shear stresses on the formation, fractal microstructure and rigidity of incipient whole blood clots and fibrin gels
author_id_str_mv e76ff28a23af2fe37099c4e9a24c1e58
d7db8d42c476dfa69c15ce06d29bd863
262d0cae7663ded863d6e2de15757f3c
21761f6eb805546a561c9f036e85405b
642bf793695f412ed932f1ea4d9bc3f1
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author_id_fullname_str_mv e76ff28a23af2fe37099c4e9a24c1e58_***_Daniel Curtis
d7db8d42c476dfa69c15ce06d29bd863_***_Rowan Brown
262d0cae7663ded863d6e2de15757f3c_***_Matthew Lawrence
21761f6eb805546a561c9f036e85405b_***_Adrian Evans
642bf793695f412ed932f1ea4d9bc3f1_***_Rhodri Williams
77c39404a9a98c6e2283d84815cba053_***_Karl Hawkins
author Daniel Curtis
Rowan Brown
Matthew Lawrence
Adrian Evans
Rhodri Williams
Karl Hawkins
author2 N. Badiei
A.M. Sowedan
Daniel Curtis
Rowan Brown
Matthew Lawrence
A.I. Campbell
A. Sabra
Adrian Evans
J.W. Weisel
I.N. Chernysh
C. Nagaswami
Rhodri Williams
Karl Hawkins
format Journal article
container_title Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation
container_volume 60
container_issue 4
container_start_page 451
publishDate 2015
institution Swansea University
issn 1386-0291
1875-8622
doi_str_mv 10.3233/ch-151924
publisher IOS Press
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str Swansea University Medical School - Medicine{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Medicine
document_store_str 1
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description Incipient clot formation in whole blood and fibrin gels was studied by the rheometric techniques of controlled stress parallel superposition (CSPS) and small amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS). The effects of unidirectional shear stress on incipient clot microstructure, formation kinetics and elasticity are reported in terms of the fractal dimension (df) of the fibrin network, the gel network formation time (TGP) and the shear elastic modulus, respectively. The results of this first haemorheological application of CSPS reveal the marked sensitivity of incipient clot microstructure to physiologically relevant levels of shear stress, these being an order of magnitude lower than have previously been studied by SAOS. CSPS tests revealed that exposure of forming clots to increasing levels of shear stress produces a corresponding elevation in df, consistent with the formation of tighter, more compact clot microstructures under unidirectional flow. A corresponding increase in shear elasticity was recorded. The scaling relationship established between shear elasticity and df for fibrin clots and whole blood confirms the fibrin network as the dominant microstructural component of the incipient clot in terms of its response to imposed stress. Supplementary studies of fibrin clot formation by rheometry and microscopy revealed the substantial additional network mass required to increase df and provide evidence to support the hypothesis that microstructural changes in blood clotted under unidirectional shear may be attributed to flow enhanced thrombin generation and activation. CSPS also identified a threshold value of unidirectional shear stress above which no incipient clot formation could be detected. CSPS was shown to be a valuable haemorheological tool for the study of the effects of physiological and pathological levels of shear on clot properties.
published_date 2015-10-12T03:23:54Z
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