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Moving between Languages: Turkish Returnees from Germany

Michael Daller, Jeanine Treffers-Daller

Rueckkehr in die Fremde? (return to an alien country), Volume: 1, Pages: 185 - 211

Swansea University Author: Michael Daller

Abstract

The aim of the present chapter is to offer a comprehensive overview of linguistic and sociolinguistic aspects of the migration movements between Turkey and Germany. From a sociolinguistic perspective the migration from Turkey to Germany and vice versa since 1961 is unique because it is one of the fe...

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Published in: Rueckkehr in die Fremde? (return to an alien country)
Published: Berlin Frank & Timme 2014
Online Access: http://www.frank-timme.de/verlag/verlagsprogramm/buch/verlagsprogramm/bd-21-birgit-menzelchristine-engel-hg-rueckkehr-in-die-fremde/backPID/ost-west-express-kultur-und-uebersetzung-1.html
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa22215
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spelling 2015-07-27T14:10:12.7673468 v2 22215 2015-06-27 Moving between Languages: Turkish Returnees from Germany 804fdb0f09c45a660a1ac27cc762d8fe Michael Daller Michael Daller true false 2015-06-27 APLI The aim of the present chapter is to offer a comprehensive overview of linguistic and sociolinguistic aspects of the migration movements between Turkey and Germany. From a sociolinguistic perspective the migration from Turkey to Germany and vice versa since 1961 is unique because it is one of the few situations worldwide which involves huge numbers of migrants in both directions. From a linguistic perspective it is highly relevant to look into this language pair because Turkish and German are structurally very different languages. After a short overview on the Turkish work migration to Europe, we focus on work of a specific subgroup namely the returnees. These are children and young adults who were either born in German-speaking countries or moved there at a very young age. They are, in general, dominant in German when they return to Turkey. This dominance gradually changes and returnee students, seven years or more after return, do not show significant differences in Turkish from their monolingual peers. This holds not only for general proficiency tests but also for in-depth analysis of more complex formulaic sequences in Turkish. These findings are reassuring in the sense that returnees can reach proficiency levels in Turkish that are comparable to their monolingual peers. The studies therefore show that returnees are different from second language learners because they can still learn formulaic sequences after the age of twelve, which is virtually impossible for second language learners who start learning a language after puberty. One has to bear in mind, however, that the returnees had already had Turkish input in Germany, although this was mainly oral and there was little support for Turkish at school level. In summary, research on returnees and Turkish-German bilinguals can give valuable new insights into many aspects of bilingualism, such as how language dominance can change over time, and how this is related to changes in the patterns of usage of both languages, as well as how language influences cognition in bilinguals.!! Book chapter Rueckkehr in die Fremde? (return to an alien country) 1 185 211 Frank & Timme Berlin Bilingualism, language dominance, formulaic sequences, language proficiency, heritage speakers, Turkish, German 1 10 2014 2014-10-01 http://www.frank-timme.de/verlag/verlagsprogramm/buch/verlagsprogramm/bd-21-birgit-menzelchristine-engel-hg-rueckkehr-in-die-fremde/backPID/ost-west-express-kultur-und-uebersetzung-1.html COLLEGE NANME Applied Linguistics COLLEGE CODE APLI Swansea University 2015-07-27T14:10:12.7673468 2015-06-27T15:31:39.8518431 Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences School of Culture and Communication - English Language, Tesol, Applied Linguistics Michael Daller 1 Jeanine Treffers-Daller 2
title Moving between Languages: Turkish Returnees from Germany
spellingShingle Moving between Languages: Turkish Returnees from Germany
Michael Daller
title_short Moving between Languages: Turkish Returnees from Germany
title_full Moving between Languages: Turkish Returnees from Germany
title_fullStr Moving between Languages: Turkish Returnees from Germany
title_full_unstemmed Moving between Languages: Turkish Returnees from Germany
title_sort Moving between Languages: Turkish Returnees from Germany
author_id_str_mv 804fdb0f09c45a660a1ac27cc762d8fe
author_id_fullname_str_mv 804fdb0f09c45a660a1ac27cc762d8fe_***_Michael Daller
author Michael Daller
author2 Michael Daller
Jeanine Treffers-Daller
format Book chapter
container_title Rueckkehr in die Fremde? (return to an alien country)
container_volume 1
container_start_page 185
publishDate 2014
institution Swansea University
publisher Frank & Timme
college_str Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofhumanitiesandsocialsciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofhumanitiesandsocialsciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
department_str School of Culture and Communication - English Language, Tesol, Applied Linguistics{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Culture and Communication - English Language, Tesol, Applied Linguistics
url http://www.frank-timme.de/verlag/verlagsprogramm/buch/verlagsprogramm/bd-21-birgit-menzelchristine-engel-hg-rueckkehr-in-die-fremde/backPID/ost-west-express-kultur-und-uebersetzung-1.html
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description The aim of the present chapter is to offer a comprehensive overview of linguistic and sociolinguistic aspects of the migration movements between Turkey and Germany. From a sociolinguistic perspective the migration from Turkey to Germany and vice versa since 1961 is unique because it is one of the few situations worldwide which involves huge numbers of migrants in both directions. From a linguistic perspective it is highly relevant to look into this language pair because Turkish and German are structurally very different languages. After a short overview on the Turkish work migration to Europe, we focus on work of a specific subgroup namely the returnees. These are children and young adults who were either born in German-speaking countries or moved there at a very young age. They are, in general, dominant in German when they return to Turkey. This dominance gradually changes and returnee students, seven years or more after return, do not show significant differences in Turkish from their monolingual peers. This holds not only for general proficiency tests but also for in-depth analysis of more complex formulaic sequences in Turkish. These findings are reassuring in the sense that returnees can reach proficiency levels in Turkish that are comparable to their monolingual peers. The studies therefore show that returnees are different from second language learners because they can still learn formulaic sequences after the age of twelve, which is virtually impossible for second language learners who start learning a language after puberty. One has to bear in mind, however, that the returnees had already had Turkish input in Germany, although this was mainly oral and there was little support for Turkish at school level. In summary, research on returnees and Turkish-German bilinguals can give valuable new insights into many aspects of bilingualism, such as how language dominance can change over time, and how this is related to changes in the patterns of usage of both languages, as well as how language influences cognition in bilinguals.!!
published_date 2014-10-01T03:26:26Z
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