Journal article 1036 views
Why the leopard got its spots: relating pattern development to ecology in felids
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, Volume: 278, Issue: 1710, Pages: 1373 - 1380
Swansea University Author:
William Allen
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DOI (Published version): 10.1098/rspb.2010.1734
Abstract
A complete explanation of the diversity of animal colour patterns requires an understanding of both the developmental mechanisms generating them and their adaptive value. However, only two previous studies, which involved computer-generated evolving prey, have attempted to make this link. This study...
Published in: | Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
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The Royal Society
2011
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URI: | https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa28001 |
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<?xml version="1.0"?><rfc1807><datestamp>2016-06-10T14:07:02.0792215</datestamp><bib-version>v2</bib-version><id>28001</id><entry>2016-05-16</entry><title>Why the leopard got its spots: relating pattern development to ecology in felids</title><swanseaauthors><author><sid>d6f01dd06d25fa8804daad86e251b8a5</sid><ORCID>0000-0003-2654-0438</ORCID><firstname>William</firstname><surname>Allen</surname><name>William Allen</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author></swanseaauthors><date>2016-05-16</date><deptcode>SBI</deptcode><abstract>A complete explanation of the diversity of animal colour patterns requires an understanding of both the developmental mechanisms generating them and their adaptive value. However, only two previous studies, which involved computer-generated evolving prey, have attempted to make this link. This study examines variation in the camouflage patterns displayed on the flanks of many felids. After controlling for the effects of shared ancestry using a fully resolved molecular phylogeny, this study shows how phenotypes from plausible felid coat pattern generation mechanisms relate to ecology. We found that likelihood of patterning and pattern attributes, such as complexity and irregularity, were related to felids' habitats, arboreality and nocturnality. Our analysis also indicates that disruptive selection is a likely explanation for the prevalence of melanistic forms in Felidae. Furthermore, we show that there is little phylogenetic signal in the visual appearance of felid patterning, indicating that camouflage adapts to ecology over relatively short time scales. Our method could be applied to any taxon with colour patterns that can reasonably be matched to reaction–diffusion and similar models, where the kinetics of the reaction between two or more initially randomly dispersed morphogens determines the outcome of pattern development.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</journal><volume>278</volume><journalNumber>1710</journalNumber><paginationStart>1373</paginationStart><paginationEnd>1380</paginationEnd><publisher>The Royal Society</publisher><keywords/><publishedDay>31</publishedDay><publishedMonth>12</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2011</publishedYear><publishedDate>2011-12-31</publishedDate><doi>10.1098/rspb.2010.1734</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Biosciences</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>SBI</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><lastEdited>2016-06-10T14:07:02.0792215</lastEdited><Created>2016-05-16T09:58:59.7452587</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences</level></path><authors><author><firstname>W. L.</firstname><surname>Allen</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>I. C.</firstname><surname>Cuthill</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>N. E.</firstname><surname>Scott-Samuel</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>R.</firstname><surname>Baddeley</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>William</firstname><surname>Allen</surname><orcid>0000-0003-2654-0438</orcid><order>5</order></author></authors><documents/><OutputDurs/></rfc1807> |
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2016-06-10T14:07:02.0792215 v2 28001 2016-05-16 Why the leopard got its spots: relating pattern development to ecology in felids d6f01dd06d25fa8804daad86e251b8a5 0000-0003-2654-0438 William Allen William Allen true false 2016-05-16 SBI A complete explanation of the diversity of animal colour patterns requires an understanding of both the developmental mechanisms generating them and their adaptive value. However, only two previous studies, which involved computer-generated evolving prey, have attempted to make this link. This study examines variation in the camouflage patterns displayed on the flanks of many felids. After controlling for the effects of shared ancestry using a fully resolved molecular phylogeny, this study shows how phenotypes from plausible felid coat pattern generation mechanisms relate to ecology. We found that likelihood of patterning and pattern attributes, such as complexity and irregularity, were related to felids' habitats, arboreality and nocturnality. Our analysis also indicates that disruptive selection is a likely explanation for the prevalence of melanistic forms in Felidae. Furthermore, we show that there is little phylogenetic signal in the visual appearance of felid patterning, indicating that camouflage adapts to ecology over relatively short time scales. Our method could be applied to any taxon with colour patterns that can reasonably be matched to reaction–diffusion and similar models, where the kinetics of the reaction between two or more initially randomly dispersed morphogens determines the outcome of pattern development. Journal Article Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278 1710 1373 1380 The Royal Society 31 12 2011 2011-12-31 10.1098/rspb.2010.1734 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences COLLEGE CODE SBI Swansea University 2016-06-10T14:07:02.0792215 2016-05-16T09:58:59.7452587 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences W. L. Allen 1 I. C. Cuthill 2 N. E. Scott-Samuel 3 R. Baddeley 4 William Allen 0000-0003-2654-0438 5 |
title |
Why the leopard got its spots: relating pattern development to ecology in felids |
spellingShingle |
Why the leopard got its spots: relating pattern development to ecology in felids William Allen |
title_short |
Why the leopard got its spots: relating pattern development to ecology in felids |
title_full |
Why the leopard got its spots: relating pattern development to ecology in felids |
title_fullStr |
Why the leopard got its spots: relating pattern development to ecology in felids |
title_full_unstemmed |
Why the leopard got its spots: relating pattern development to ecology in felids |
title_sort |
Why the leopard got its spots: relating pattern development to ecology in felids |
author_id_str_mv |
d6f01dd06d25fa8804daad86e251b8a5 |
author_id_fullname_str_mv |
d6f01dd06d25fa8804daad86e251b8a5_***_William Allen |
author |
William Allen |
author2 |
W. L. Allen I. C. Cuthill N. E. Scott-Samuel R. Baddeley William Allen |
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Journal article |
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Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
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278 |
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1710 |
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1373 |
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Swansea University |
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10.1098/rspb.2010.1734 |
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The Royal Society |
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Faculty of Science and Engineering |
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School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences |
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description |
A complete explanation of the diversity of animal colour patterns requires an understanding of both the developmental mechanisms generating them and their adaptive value. However, only two previous studies, which involved computer-generated evolving prey, have attempted to make this link. This study examines variation in the camouflage patterns displayed on the flanks of many felids. After controlling for the effects of shared ancestry using a fully resolved molecular phylogeny, this study shows how phenotypes from plausible felid coat pattern generation mechanisms relate to ecology. We found that likelihood of patterning and pattern attributes, such as complexity and irregularity, were related to felids' habitats, arboreality and nocturnality. Our analysis also indicates that disruptive selection is a likely explanation for the prevalence of melanistic forms in Felidae. Furthermore, we show that there is little phylogenetic signal in the visual appearance of felid patterning, indicating that camouflage adapts to ecology over relatively short time scales. Our method could be applied to any taxon with colour patterns that can reasonably be matched to reaction–diffusion and similar models, where the kinetics of the reaction between two or more initially randomly dispersed morphogens determines the outcome of pattern development. |
published_date |
2011-12-31T03:34:03Z |
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1763751434432544768 |
score |
11.021648 |