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Genetic and structural analyses of cytochrome P450 hydroxylases in sex hormone biosynthesis: Sequential origin and subsequent coevolution

Jared V. Goldstone, Munirathinam Sundaramoorthy, Bin Zhao, Michael R. Waterman, John J. Stegeman, David Lamb Orcid Logo

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Volume: 94, Pages: 676 - 687

Swansea University Author: David Lamb Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.09.012

Abstract

Biosynthesis of steroid hormones in vertebrates involves three cytochrome P450 hydroxylases, CYP11A1, CYP17A1 and CYP19A1, which catalyze sequential steps in steroidogenesis. These enzymes are conserved in the vertebrates, but their origin and existence in other chordate subphyla (Tunicata and Cepha...

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Published in: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
ISSN: 10557903
Published: 2016
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa29843
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first_indexed 2016-09-08T19:08:45Z
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spelling 2019-08-18T16:56:49.4428984 v2 29843 2016-09-08 Genetic and structural analyses of cytochrome P450 hydroxylases in sex hormone biosynthesis: Sequential origin and subsequent coevolution 1dc64e55c2c28d107ef7c3db984cccd2 0000-0001-5446-2997 David Lamb David Lamb true false 2016-09-08 BMS Biosynthesis of steroid hormones in vertebrates involves three cytochrome P450 hydroxylases, CYP11A1, CYP17A1 and CYP19A1, which catalyze sequential steps in steroidogenesis. These enzymes are conserved in the vertebrates, but their origin and existence in other chordate subphyla (Tunicata and Cephalochordata) have not been clearly established. In this study, selected protein sequences of CYP11A1, CYP17A1 and CYP19A1 were compiled and analyzed using multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis. Our analyses show that cephalochordates have sequences orthologous to vertebrate CYP11A1, CYP17A1 or CYP19A1, and that echinoderms and hemichordates possess CYP11-like but not CYP19 genes. While the cephalochordate sequences have low identity with the vertebrate sequences, reflecting evolutionary distance, the data show apparent origin of CYP11 prior to the evolution of CYP19 and possibly CYP17, thus indicating a sequential origin of these functionally related steroidogenic CYPs. Co-occurrence of the three CYPs in early chordates suggests that the three genes may have coevolved thereafter, and that functional conservation should be reflected in functionally important residues in the proteins. CYP19A1 has the largest number of conserved residues while CYP11A1 sequences are less conserved. Structural analyses of human CYP11A1, CYP17A1 and CYP19A1 show that critical substrate binding site residues are highly conserved in each enzyme family. The results emphasize that the steroidogenic pathways producing glucocorticoids and reproductive steroids are several hundred million years old and that the catalytic structural elements of the enzymes have been conserved over the same period of time. Analysis of these elements may help to identify when functions linked to these enzymes first arose. Journal Article Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 94 676 687 10557903 cytochrome P450; evolution; steroid biosynthesis 1 1 2016 2016-01-01 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.09.012 COLLEGE NANME Biomedical Sciences COLLEGE CODE BMS Swansea University 2019-08-18T16:56:49.4428984 2016-09-08T14:56:34.7232152 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Medicine Jared V. Goldstone 1 Munirathinam Sundaramoorthy 2 Bin Zhao 3 Michael R. Waterman 4 John J. Stegeman 5 David Lamb 0000-0001-5446-2997 6
title Genetic and structural analyses of cytochrome P450 hydroxylases in sex hormone biosynthesis: Sequential origin and subsequent coevolution
spellingShingle Genetic and structural analyses of cytochrome P450 hydroxylases in sex hormone biosynthesis: Sequential origin and subsequent coevolution
David Lamb
title_short Genetic and structural analyses of cytochrome P450 hydroxylases in sex hormone biosynthesis: Sequential origin and subsequent coevolution
title_full Genetic and structural analyses of cytochrome P450 hydroxylases in sex hormone biosynthesis: Sequential origin and subsequent coevolution
title_fullStr Genetic and structural analyses of cytochrome P450 hydroxylases in sex hormone biosynthesis: Sequential origin and subsequent coevolution
title_full_unstemmed Genetic and structural analyses of cytochrome P450 hydroxylases in sex hormone biosynthesis: Sequential origin and subsequent coevolution
title_sort Genetic and structural analyses of cytochrome P450 hydroxylases in sex hormone biosynthesis: Sequential origin and subsequent coevolution
author_id_str_mv 1dc64e55c2c28d107ef7c3db984cccd2
author_id_fullname_str_mv 1dc64e55c2c28d107ef7c3db984cccd2_***_David Lamb
author David Lamb
author2 Jared V. Goldstone
Munirathinam Sundaramoorthy
Bin Zhao
Michael R. Waterman
John J. Stegeman
David Lamb
format Journal article
container_title Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
container_volume 94
container_start_page 676
publishDate 2016
institution Swansea University
issn 10557903
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.09.012
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str Swansea University Medical School - Medicine{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Medicine
document_store_str 0
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description Biosynthesis of steroid hormones in vertebrates involves three cytochrome P450 hydroxylases, CYP11A1, CYP17A1 and CYP19A1, which catalyze sequential steps in steroidogenesis. These enzymes are conserved in the vertebrates, but their origin and existence in other chordate subphyla (Tunicata and Cephalochordata) have not been clearly established. In this study, selected protein sequences of CYP11A1, CYP17A1 and CYP19A1 were compiled and analyzed using multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis. Our analyses show that cephalochordates have sequences orthologous to vertebrate CYP11A1, CYP17A1 or CYP19A1, and that echinoderms and hemichordates possess CYP11-like but not CYP19 genes. While the cephalochordate sequences have low identity with the vertebrate sequences, reflecting evolutionary distance, the data show apparent origin of CYP11 prior to the evolution of CYP19 and possibly CYP17, thus indicating a sequential origin of these functionally related steroidogenic CYPs. Co-occurrence of the three CYPs in early chordates suggests that the three genes may have coevolved thereafter, and that functional conservation should be reflected in functionally important residues in the proteins. CYP19A1 has the largest number of conserved residues while CYP11A1 sequences are less conserved. Structural analyses of human CYP11A1, CYP17A1 and CYP19A1 show that critical substrate binding site residues are highly conserved in each enzyme family. The results emphasize that the steroidogenic pathways producing glucocorticoids and reproductive steroids are several hundred million years old and that the catalytic structural elements of the enzymes have been conserved over the same period of time. Analysis of these elements may help to identify when functions linked to these enzymes first arose.
published_date 2016-01-01T03:36:22Z
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score 11.012947

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