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Natural enemy composition rather than richness determines pest suppression

Sanaa N. Alhadidi, John N. Griffin, Mike Fowler Orcid Logo

BioControl

Swansea University Author: Mike Fowler Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1007/s10526-018-9870-z

Abstract

Natural enemy (NE) biodiversity is thought to play an important role in agricultural pest suppression. However, the relative importance of the number of NE species (species richness), versus the particular combinations of species (species composi- tion), in determining aphid suppression and ultimate...

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Published in: BioControl
ISSN: 1386-6141 1573-8248
Published: 2018
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa38839
first_indexed 2018-02-22T13:53:39Z
last_indexed 2018-03-09T20:34:00Z
id cronfa38839
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spelling 2018-03-09T15:31:05.9915113 v2 38839 2018-02-22 Natural enemy composition rather than richness determines pest suppression a3a29027498d4b43a3f082a0a5ba16b4 0000-0003-1544-0407 Mike Fowler Mike Fowler true false 2018-02-22 BGPS Natural enemy (NE) biodiversity is thought to play an important role in agricultural pest suppression. However, the relative importance of the number of NE species (species richness), versus the particular combinations of species (species composi- tion), in determining aphid suppression and ultimately crop yields, remains poorly understood. We tested the effects of NE richness and composition on pea aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) and broad bean plants Vicia faba (Linn.). We used the larvae of two predator species, the ladybird Adalia bipunctata (Linn.) and the green lacewing Chrysopa carnea (Stephens), and the parasitic wasp Aphidius ervi (Haliday) as enemies. NEs generally reduced aphid density but did not increase final plant biomass, despite a significant negative correlation between aphid density and plant biomass. Among NE treatments, species richness had an inconsistent effect on aphid density. The compo- sition of NEs within richness levels also affected final aphid density: the ladybird was a key species among the treatments in controlling aphid density and was especially effective in combination with the para- sitoid. This ladybird/parasitoid combination also appeared to drive the higher level of suppression observed at the two, relative to three, species richness levels. Although these three species of aphid NEs are commonly used in aphid control, this is the first study, to our knowledge, that simultaneously examined these three species and highlighted the composition effect between the A. bipunctata and A. ervi. In conclusion, increasing NE species richness had an inconsistent effect on aphid density. Meanwhile, the presence of a key species (the ladybird) and its combination with a parasitoid was an important determinant of aphid biological control. Journal Article BioControl 1386-6141 1573-8248 Biodiversity; Species richness; Species composition; Key species; Aphid control; Natural enemies 31 12 2018 2018-12-31 10.1007/s10526-018-9870-z COLLEGE NANME Biosciences Geography and Physics School COLLEGE CODE BGPS Swansea University Institution 2018-03-09T15:31:05.9915113 2018-02-22T10:20:33.2543442 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences Sanaa N. Alhadidi 1 John N. Griffin 2 Mike Fowler 0000-0003-1544-0407 3 0038839-09032018153006.pdf 38839.pdf 2018-03-09T15:30:06.5070000 Output 458383 application/pdf Version of Record true 2018-03-09T00:00:00.0000000 Released under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY). true eng
title Natural enemy composition rather than richness determines pest suppression
spellingShingle Natural enemy composition rather than richness determines pest suppression
Mike Fowler
title_short Natural enemy composition rather than richness determines pest suppression
title_full Natural enemy composition rather than richness determines pest suppression
title_fullStr Natural enemy composition rather than richness determines pest suppression
title_full_unstemmed Natural enemy composition rather than richness determines pest suppression
title_sort Natural enemy composition rather than richness determines pest suppression
author_id_str_mv a3a29027498d4b43a3f082a0a5ba16b4
author_id_fullname_str_mv a3a29027498d4b43a3f082a0a5ba16b4_***_Mike Fowler
author Mike Fowler
author2 Sanaa N. Alhadidi
John N. Griffin
Mike Fowler
format Journal article
container_title BioControl
publishDate 2018
institution Swansea University
issn 1386-6141
1573-8248
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s10526-018-9870-z
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences
document_store_str 1
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description Natural enemy (NE) biodiversity is thought to play an important role in agricultural pest suppression. However, the relative importance of the number of NE species (species richness), versus the particular combinations of species (species composi- tion), in determining aphid suppression and ultimately crop yields, remains poorly understood. We tested the effects of NE richness and composition on pea aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) and broad bean plants Vicia faba (Linn.). We used the larvae of two predator species, the ladybird Adalia bipunctata (Linn.) and the green lacewing Chrysopa carnea (Stephens), and the parasitic wasp Aphidius ervi (Haliday) as enemies. NEs generally reduced aphid density but did not increase final plant biomass, despite a significant negative correlation between aphid density and plant biomass. Among NE treatments, species richness had an inconsistent effect on aphid density. The compo- sition of NEs within richness levels also affected final aphid density: the ladybird was a key species among the treatments in controlling aphid density and was especially effective in combination with the para- sitoid. This ladybird/parasitoid combination also appeared to drive the higher level of suppression observed at the two, relative to three, species richness levels. Although these three species of aphid NEs are commonly used in aphid control, this is the first study, to our knowledge, that simultaneously examined these three species and highlighted the composition effect between the A. bipunctata and A. ervi. In conclusion, increasing NE species richness had an inconsistent effect on aphid density. Meanwhile, the presence of a key species (the ladybird) and its combination with a parasitoid was an important determinant of aphid biological control.
published_date 2018-12-31T04:16:00Z
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