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Synthesis and analysis of nitro compounds under zeolite catalysis. / Saeed Hashim Almeer

Swansea University Author: Saeed Hashim Almeer

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to develop a new clean method for aromatic nitration using a heterogeneous inorganic solid catalyst. The thesis consists of four chapters. Chapter one presents an introduction to the types of heterogeneous catalyst with some details for the most important catalysts. An...

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Published: 2001
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: Ph.D
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42408
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last_indexed 2018-08-03T10:10:04Z
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recordtype RisThesis
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spelling 2018-08-02T16:24:29.1505940 v2 42408 2018-08-02 Synthesis and analysis of nitro compounds under zeolite catalysis. 682438dfafd01bf45ee50af0562701e1 NULL Saeed Hashim Almeer Saeed Hashim Almeer true true 2018-08-02 The purpose of this study was to develop a new clean method for aromatic nitration using a heterogeneous inorganic solid catalyst. The thesis consists of four chapters. Chapter one presents an introduction to the types of heterogeneous catalyst with some details for the most important catalysts. An electrophilic aromatic substitution is introduced in Chapter 2. Some of the latest examples of aromatic nitration using different type of nitrating reagents are discussed in this chapter. Chapter 3 deals with the nitration of halogenobenzenes using dinitrogen tetroxide, a zeolite and oxygen in a solvent system. Zeolites Hbeta (Si/Al = 12.5) and Y (Si/Al = 30) were found to be the most efficients catalyst for the para- selective nitration of halogenobenzenes when dinitrogen tetroxide was used as the nitrating reagent over zeolite HB in 1,2-dichloroethane. This system represents a low energy (0 &deg;C), and potentially a clean synthesis of halonitrobenzenes using an easily recycled solvent and catalyst system. Chapter 4 shows the nitration of aromatic compounds using dinitrogen tetroxide, a zeolite, and air in the absence of a solvent system. This system has more advantages than the previous one. Zeolite Hbeta (Si/Al = 12.5) was found to be the most efficient catalyst for the para-selective nitration of halogenobenzenes and benzene when dinitrogen tetroxide was used as nitrating reagent under 200 psi air pressure at room temperature. E-Thesis Inorganic chemistry. 31 12 2001 2001-12-31 COLLEGE NANME Chemistry COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Doctoral Ph.D 2018-08-02T16:24:29.1505940 2018-08-02T16:24:29.1505940 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemistry Saeed Hashim Almeer NULL 1 0042408-02082018162452.pdf 10798116.pdf 2018-08-02T16:24:52.0530000 Output 5113615 application/pdf E-Thesis true 2018-08-02T16:24:52.0530000 false
title Synthesis and analysis of nitro compounds under zeolite catalysis.
spellingShingle Synthesis and analysis of nitro compounds under zeolite catalysis.
Saeed Hashim Almeer
title_short Synthesis and analysis of nitro compounds under zeolite catalysis.
title_full Synthesis and analysis of nitro compounds under zeolite catalysis.
title_fullStr Synthesis and analysis of nitro compounds under zeolite catalysis.
title_full_unstemmed Synthesis and analysis of nitro compounds under zeolite catalysis.
title_sort Synthesis and analysis of nitro compounds under zeolite catalysis.
author_id_str_mv 682438dfafd01bf45ee50af0562701e1
author_id_fullname_str_mv 682438dfafd01bf45ee50af0562701e1_***_Saeed Hashim Almeer
author Saeed Hashim Almeer
author2 Saeed Hashim Almeer
format E-Thesis
publishDate 2001
institution Swansea University
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemistry{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemistry
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description The purpose of this study was to develop a new clean method for aromatic nitration using a heterogeneous inorganic solid catalyst. The thesis consists of four chapters. Chapter one presents an introduction to the types of heterogeneous catalyst with some details for the most important catalysts. An electrophilic aromatic substitution is introduced in Chapter 2. Some of the latest examples of aromatic nitration using different type of nitrating reagents are discussed in this chapter. Chapter 3 deals with the nitration of halogenobenzenes using dinitrogen tetroxide, a zeolite and oxygen in a solvent system. Zeolites Hbeta (Si/Al = 12.5) and Y (Si/Al = 30) were found to be the most efficients catalyst for the para- selective nitration of halogenobenzenes when dinitrogen tetroxide was used as the nitrating reagent over zeolite HB in 1,2-dichloroethane. This system represents a low energy (0 &deg;C), and potentially a clean synthesis of halonitrobenzenes using an easily recycled solvent and catalyst system. Chapter 4 shows the nitration of aromatic compounds using dinitrogen tetroxide, a zeolite, and air in the absence of a solvent system. This system has more advantages than the previous one. Zeolite Hbeta (Si/Al = 12.5) was found to be the most efficient catalyst for the para-selective nitration of halogenobenzenes and benzene when dinitrogen tetroxide was used as nitrating reagent under 200 psi air pressure at room temperature.
published_date 2001-12-31T04:20:59Z
_version_ 1851637219436003328
score 11.089988

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