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Changes of gene expression but not cytosine methylation are associated with male parental care reflecting behavioural state, social context, and individual flexibility

C. B. Cunningham, L. Ji, E. C. McKinney, K. M. Benowitz, R. J. Schmitz, A. J. Moore, Chris Cunningham Orcid Logo

The Journal of Experimental Biology, Start page: jeb.188649

Swansea University Author: Chris Cunningham Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1242/jeb.188649

Abstract

Behaviour is often on the front line response to changing environments. Recent studies show behavioural changes are associated with changes of gene expression; however, these studies have primarily focused on discrete behavioural states. We build on these studies by addressing additional contexts th...

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Published in: The Journal of Experimental Biology
ISSN: 0022-0949 1477-9145
Published: 2018
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa46009
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first_indexed 2018-11-20T20:19:29Z
last_indexed 2020-07-01T19:01:20Z
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spelling 2020-07-01T15:26:23.1642161 v2 46009 2018-11-20 Changes of gene expression but not cytosine methylation are associated with male parental care reflecting behavioural state, social context, and individual flexibility 0bd688baf9fc30cb39dfae9ed28cb662 0000-0003-3965-2076 Chris Cunningham Chris Cunningham true false 2018-11-20 SBI Behaviour is often on the front line response to changing environments. Recent studies show behavioural changes are associated with changes of gene expression; however, these studies have primarily focused on discrete behavioural states. We build on these studies by addressing additional contexts that produce qualitatively similar behavioural changes. We measured levels of gene expression and cytosine methylation, which is hypothesized to regulate the transcriptional architecture of behavioural transitions, within the brain during male parental care of the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides in a factorial design. Male parenting is a suitably plastic behaviour because while male N. vespilloides typically do not provide direct care (i.e., feed offspring) when females are present, levels of feeding by a male equivalent to the female can be induced by removing the female. We examined three different factors: behavioural state (caring vs non-caring), different social contexts (with or without a female mate), and individual flexibility (if a male switched to direct care after his mate was removed). The greatest number of differentially expressed genes were associated with behavioural state, followed by social contexts, and lastly by individual flexibility. Cytosine methylation was not associated with changes of gene expression in any of the conditions. Our results suggest a hierarchical association between gene expression and the different factors, but that this process is not controlled by cytosine methylation. Our results further suggest that the extent a behaviour is transient plays an underappreciated role in determining its underpinning molecular mechanisms. Journal Article The Journal of Experimental Biology jeb.188649 0022-0949 1477-9145 DNA Methylation, Epigenetics, Nicrophorus vespilloides, Social Behaviour, Social Neuroscience 16 11 2018 2018-11-16 10.1242/jeb.188649 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences COLLEGE CODE SBI Swansea University 2020-07-01T15:26:23.1642161 2018-11-20T16:49:57.9098413 C. B. Cunningham 1 L. Ji 2 E. C. McKinney 3 K. M. Benowitz 4 R. J. Schmitz 5 A. J. Moore 6 Chris Cunningham 0000-0003-3965-2076 7 0046009-20112018165715.pdf Nv_parenting_DGE_methylation_Accpeted_vCronfa.pdf 2018-11-20T16:57:15.5330000 Output 749131 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2019-11-16T00:00:00.0000000 true eng
title Changes of gene expression but not cytosine methylation are associated with male parental care reflecting behavioural state, social context, and individual flexibility
spellingShingle Changes of gene expression but not cytosine methylation are associated with male parental care reflecting behavioural state, social context, and individual flexibility
Chris Cunningham
title_short Changes of gene expression but not cytosine methylation are associated with male parental care reflecting behavioural state, social context, and individual flexibility
title_full Changes of gene expression but not cytosine methylation are associated with male parental care reflecting behavioural state, social context, and individual flexibility
title_fullStr Changes of gene expression but not cytosine methylation are associated with male parental care reflecting behavioural state, social context, and individual flexibility
title_full_unstemmed Changes of gene expression but not cytosine methylation are associated with male parental care reflecting behavioural state, social context, and individual flexibility
title_sort Changes of gene expression but not cytosine methylation are associated with male parental care reflecting behavioural state, social context, and individual flexibility
author_id_str_mv 0bd688baf9fc30cb39dfae9ed28cb662
author_id_fullname_str_mv 0bd688baf9fc30cb39dfae9ed28cb662_***_Chris Cunningham
author Chris Cunningham
author2 C. B. Cunningham
L. Ji
E. C. McKinney
K. M. Benowitz
R. J. Schmitz
A. J. Moore
Chris Cunningham
format Journal article
container_title The Journal of Experimental Biology
container_start_page jeb.188649
publishDate 2018
institution Swansea University
issn 0022-0949
1477-9145
doi_str_mv 10.1242/jeb.188649
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Behaviour is often on the front line response to changing environments. Recent studies show behavioural changes are associated with changes of gene expression; however, these studies have primarily focused on discrete behavioural states. We build on these studies by addressing additional contexts that produce qualitatively similar behavioural changes. We measured levels of gene expression and cytosine methylation, which is hypothesized to regulate the transcriptional architecture of behavioural transitions, within the brain during male parental care of the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides in a factorial design. Male parenting is a suitably plastic behaviour because while male N. vespilloides typically do not provide direct care (i.e., feed offspring) when females are present, levels of feeding by a male equivalent to the female can be induced by removing the female. We examined three different factors: behavioural state (caring vs non-caring), different social contexts (with or without a female mate), and individual flexibility (if a male switched to direct care after his mate was removed). The greatest number of differentially expressed genes were associated with behavioural state, followed by social contexts, and lastly by individual flexibility. Cytosine methylation was not associated with changes of gene expression in any of the conditions. Our results suggest a hierarchical association between gene expression and the different factors, but that this process is not controlled by cytosine methylation. Our results further suggest that the extent a behaviour is transient plays an underappreciated role in determining its underpinning molecular mechanisms.
published_date 2018-11-16T03:57:41Z
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score 11.037166

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