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A Biomechanical Investigation into Force, Power and Bone Morphology / Nicholas J. Owen

DOI (Published version): 10.23889/Suthesis.49070

Abstract

Force (F), produced by the neuromuscular system and transmitted by bones, is necessary for locomotion. Performance in activities of daily living and sport requires effective production and use of (F) for optimal outcomes. Quantifying neuromuscular performance, with F and force derived variables, all...

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Published: 2018
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: Ph.D
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa49070
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first_indexed 2019-03-19T13:57:55Z
last_indexed 2019-10-21T16:54:16Z
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fullrecord <?xml version="1.0"?><rfc1807><datestamp>2019-03-21T10:16:24.7504693</datestamp><bib-version>v2</bib-version><id>49070</id><entry>2019-03-01</entry><title>A Biomechanical Investigation into Force, Power and Bone Morphology</title><swanseaauthors/><date>2019-03-01</date><abstract>Force (F), produced by the neuromuscular system and transmitted by bones, is necessary for locomotion. Performance in activities of daily living and sport requires effective production and use of (F) for optimal outcomes. Quantifying neuromuscular performance, with F and force derived variables, allows monitoring of the effectiveness of training. Strength (S), power (P) and rate of force development (RFD) are important neuromuscular variables (NV) for predicting physical performance, which can be measured using a force platform (FP). This corpus comprises of 5 papers that examine different aspects of force in terms of human performance. Paper 1, investigated using postactivation potentiation (PAP), that may increase P temporarily, on international swimmers and the effect on start time compared to a traditional warm-up. There was no difference in start time although P was enhanced. PAP could be a useful alternative to a traditional warm-up. Paper 2, examined the relationship between isometric F variables and dynamic performance using new method of F analysis. Correlations were found between RFD, peak F and F at 100 ms vs.10 m sprint times and jump height. Paper 3, reported the first published criterion method for determining peak mechanical P (Pp) in a countermovement jump (CMJ), measured by a FP, with an accuracy &lt; 1%. Paper 4, reported Pp normative values, which could be used to measure coordination and bone health in children, 7 to 11 years old, as existing, subjective measures are unreliable. Athletes&#x2019; bones experience high forces, causing changes in their shape and composition. The Mary Rose skeletal collection comprises of 97 skeletons, some of which were elite athletes (archers). Paper 5 reports a valid and reliable method measuring periosteal cross sectional areas to accuracies of &lt; 1% essential for identification of occupational activity and bone health measurement. NVs are useful metrics for assessing human performance and bone health. Morphometrics of bone health and NVs need to be optimised for validity and reliability in order to derive maximum performance and clinical benefit.</abstract><type>E-Thesis</type><journal/><publisher/><keywords>Power, Force, Bones, Mary Rose</keywords><publishedDay>31</publishedDay><publishedMonth>12</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2018</publishedYear><publishedDate>2018-12-31</publishedDate><doi>10.23889/Suthesis.49070</doi><url/><notes>A selection of third party content is redacted or is partially redacted from this thesis.</notes><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><degreelevel>Doctoral</degreelevel><degreename>Ph.D</degreename><apcterm/><lastEdited>2019-03-21T10:16:24.7504693</lastEdited><Created>2019-03-01T14:59:46.7029258</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Nicholas J.</firstname><surname>Owen</surname><order>1</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>0049070-01032019152759.pdf</filename><originalFilename>Owen_Nicholas_J_PhD_Thesis_Final_Redacted.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2019-03-01T15:27:59.0300000</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>8862678</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Redacted version - open access</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><embargoDate>2019-03-13T00:00:00.0000000</embargoDate><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling 2019-03-21T10:16:24.7504693 v2 49070 2019-03-01 A Biomechanical Investigation into Force, Power and Bone Morphology 2019-03-01 Force (F), produced by the neuromuscular system and transmitted by bones, is necessary for locomotion. Performance in activities of daily living and sport requires effective production and use of (F) for optimal outcomes. Quantifying neuromuscular performance, with F and force derived variables, allows monitoring of the effectiveness of training. Strength (S), power (P) and rate of force development (RFD) are important neuromuscular variables (NV) for predicting physical performance, which can be measured using a force platform (FP). This corpus comprises of 5 papers that examine different aspects of force in terms of human performance. Paper 1, investigated using postactivation potentiation (PAP), that may increase P temporarily, on international swimmers and the effect on start time compared to a traditional warm-up. There was no difference in start time although P was enhanced. PAP could be a useful alternative to a traditional warm-up. Paper 2, examined the relationship between isometric F variables and dynamic performance using new method of F analysis. Correlations were found between RFD, peak F and F at 100 ms vs.10 m sprint times and jump height. Paper 3, reported the first published criterion method for determining peak mechanical P (Pp) in a countermovement jump (CMJ), measured by a FP, with an accuracy < 1%. Paper 4, reported Pp normative values, which could be used to measure coordination and bone health in children, 7 to 11 years old, as existing, subjective measures are unreliable. Athletes’ bones experience high forces, causing changes in their shape and composition. The Mary Rose skeletal collection comprises of 97 skeletons, some of which were elite athletes (archers). Paper 5 reports a valid and reliable method measuring periosteal cross sectional areas to accuracies of < 1% essential for identification of occupational activity and bone health measurement. NVs are useful metrics for assessing human performance and bone health. Morphometrics of bone health and NVs need to be optimised for validity and reliability in order to derive maximum performance and clinical benefit. E-Thesis Power, Force, Bones, Mary Rose 31 12 2018 2018-12-31 10.23889/Suthesis.49070 A selection of third party content is redacted or is partially redacted from this thesis. COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Doctoral Ph.D 2019-03-21T10:16:24.7504693 2019-03-01T14:59:46.7029258 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised Nicholas J. Owen 1 0049070-01032019152759.pdf Owen_Nicholas_J_PhD_Thesis_Final_Redacted.pdf 2019-03-01T15:27:59.0300000 Output 8862678 application/pdf Redacted version - open access true 2019-03-13T00:00:00.0000000 true
title A Biomechanical Investigation into Force, Power and Bone Morphology
spellingShingle A Biomechanical Investigation into Force, Power and Bone Morphology
,
title_short A Biomechanical Investigation into Force, Power and Bone Morphology
title_full A Biomechanical Investigation into Force, Power and Bone Morphology
title_fullStr A Biomechanical Investigation into Force, Power and Bone Morphology
title_full_unstemmed A Biomechanical Investigation into Force, Power and Bone Morphology
title_sort A Biomechanical Investigation into Force, Power and Bone Morphology
author ,
author2 Nicholas J. Owen
format E-Thesis
publishDate 2018
institution Swansea University
doi_str_mv 10.23889/Suthesis.49070
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Force (F), produced by the neuromuscular system and transmitted by bones, is necessary for locomotion. Performance in activities of daily living and sport requires effective production and use of (F) for optimal outcomes. Quantifying neuromuscular performance, with F and force derived variables, allows monitoring of the effectiveness of training. Strength (S), power (P) and rate of force development (RFD) are important neuromuscular variables (NV) for predicting physical performance, which can be measured using a force platform (FP). This corpus comprises of 5 papers that examine different aspects of force in terms of human performance. Paper 1, investigated using postactivation potentiation (PAP), that may increase P temporarily, on international swimmers and the effect on start time compared to a traditional warm-up. There was no difference in start time although P was enhanced. PAP could be a useful alternative to a traditional warm-up. Paper 2, examined the relationship between isometric F variables and dynamic performance using new method of F analysis. Correlations were found between RFD, peak F and F at 100 ms vs.10 m sprint times and jump height. Paper 3, reported the first published criterion method for determining peak mechanical P (Pp) in a countermovement jump (CMJ), measured by a FP, with an accuracy < 1%. Paper 4, reported Pp normative values, which could be used to measure coordination and bone health in children, 7 to 11 years old, as existing, subjective measures are unreliable. Athletes’ bones experience high forces, causing changes in their shape and composition. The Mary Rose skeletal collection comprises of 97 skeletons, some of which were elite athletes (archers). Paper 5 reports a valid and reliable method measuring periosteal cross sectional areas to accuracies of < 1% essential for identification of occupational activity and bone health measurement. NVs are useful metrics for assessing human performance and bone health. Morphometrics of bone health and NVs need to be optimised for validity and reliability in order to derive maximum performance and clinical benefit.
published_date 2018-12-31T03:59:51Z
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score 11.035655

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