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Artificial Shear Stress Effects on Leukocytes at a Biomaterial Interface

Gemma Radley, Ina Laura Pieper, Bethan R. Thomas, Karl Hawkins Orcid Logo, Cathy Thornton Orcid Logo

Artificial Organs

Swansea University Authors: Karl Hawkins Orcid Logo, Cathy Thornton Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1111/aor.13409

Abstract

Medical devices, such as ventricular assist devices (VADs), introduce both foreign materials and artificial shear stress to the circulatory system. The effects these have on leukocytes and the immune response are not well understood. Understanding how these two elements combine to affect leukocytes...

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Published in: Artificial Organs
ISSN: 0160-564X 1525-1594
Published: 2018
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa49111
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spelling 2019-03-25T12:47:54.3133285 v2 49111 2019-03-05 Artificial Shear Stress Effects on Leukocytes at a Biomaterial Interface 77c39404a9a98c6e2283d84815cba053 0000-0003-0174-4151 Karl Hawkins Karl Hawkins true false c71a7a4be7361094d046d312202bce0c 0000-0002-5153-573X Cathy Thornton Cathy Thornton true false 2019-03-05 BMS Medical devices, such as ventricular assist devices (VADs), introduce both foreign materials and artificial shear stress to the circulatory system. The effects these have on leukocytes and the immune response are not well understood. Understanding how these two elements combine to affect leukocytes may reveal why some patients are susceptible to recurrent device-related infections and provide insight into the development of pump thrombosis. Biomaterials - DLC: diamond-like carbon coated stainless steel; Sap: single-crystal sapphire; and Ti: titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) were attached to the parallel plates of a rheometer. Whole human blood was left between the two discs for 5 min at +37°C with or without the application of shear stress (0s-1 or 1000s-1). Blood was removed and used for: complete blood cell counts; flow cytometry (leukocyte activation; cell death; microparticle generation; phagocytic ability; and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production); and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. L-selectin expression on monocytes was decreased when blood was exposed to the biomaterials both with and without shear. Applying shear stress to blood on a Sap and Ti surface led to activation of neutrophils shown as decreased L-selectin expression. Sap and Ti blunted the LPS-stimulated macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) production, most notably when sheared on Ti.The biomaterials used here have been shown to activate leukocytes in a static environment. The introduction of shear appears to exacerbate this activation. Interestingly, a widely accepted biocompatible material (Ti) utilised in many different types of devices, has the capacity for immune cell activation and inhibition of MIF secretion when combined with shear stress. These findings contribute to our understanding of the contribution of biomaterials and shear stress to recurrent infections and vulnerability to sepsis in some VAD patients as well as pump thrombosis. Journal Article Artificial Organs 0160-564X 1525-1594 Biomaterials, Shear Stress, Human blood, Leukocytes, Flow Cytometry 8 1 2018 2018-01-08 10.1111/aor.13409 COLLEGE NANME Biomedical Sciences COLLEGE CODE BMS Swansea University 2019-03-25T12:47:54.3133285 2019-03-05T08:39:32.9438049 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Medicine Gemma Radley 1 Ina Laura Pieper 2 Bethan R. Thomas 3 Karl Hawkins 0000-0003-0174-4151 4 Cathy Thornton 0000-0002-5153-573X 5 0049111-05032019084007.pdf 20180814_Radley_Cronfa.pdf 2019-03-05T08:40:07.4800000 Output 5850626 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2019-12-08T00:00:00.0000000 true eng
title Artificial Shear Stress Effects on Leukocytes at a Biomaterial Interface
spellingShingle Artificial Shear Stress Effects on Leukocytes at a Biomaterial Interface
Karl Hawkins
Cathy Thornton
title_short Artificial Shear Stress Effects on Leukocytes at a Biomaterial Interface
title_full Artificial Shear Stress Effects on Leukocytes at a Biomaterial Interface
title_fullStr Artificial Shear Stress Effects on Leukocytes at a Biomaterial Interface
title_full_unstemmed Artificial Shear Stress Effects on Leukocytes at a Biomaterial Interface
title_sort Artificial Shear Stress Effects on Leukocytes at a Biomaterial Interface
author_id_str_mv 77c39404a9a98c6e2283d84815cba053
c71a7a4be7361094d046d312202bce0c
author_id_fullname_str_mv 77c39404a9a98c6e2283d84815cba053_***_Karl Hawkins
c71a7a4be7361094d046d312202bce0c_***_Cathy Thornton
author Karl Hawkins
Cathy Thornton
author2 Gemma Radley
Ina Laura Pieper
Bethan R. Thomas
Karl Hawkins
Cathy Thornton
format Journal article
container_title Artificial Organs
publishDate 2018
institution Swansea University
issn 0160-564X
1525-1594
doi_str_mv 10.1111/aor.13409
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str Swansea University Medical School - Medicine{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Medicine
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Medical devices, such as ventricular assist devices (VADs), introduce both foreign materials and artificial shear stress to the circulatory system. The effects these have on leukocytes and the immune response are not well understood. Understanding how these two elements combine to affect leukocytes may reveal why some patients are susceptible to recurrent device-related infections and provide insight into the development of pump thrombosis. Biomaterials - DLC: diamond-like carbon coated stainless steel; Sap: single-crystal sapphire; and Ti: titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) were attached to the parallel plates of a rheometer. Whole human blood was left between the two discs for 5 min at +37°C with or without the application of shear stress (0s-1 or 1000s-1). Blood was removed and used for: complete blood cell counts; flow cytometry (leukocyte activation; cell death; microparticle generation; phagocytic ability; and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production); and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. L-selectin expression on monocytes was decreased when blood was exposed to the biomaterials both with and without shear. Applying shear stress to blood on a Sap and Ti surface led to activation of neutrophils shown as decreased L-selectin expression. Sap and Ti blunted the LPS-stimulated macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) production, most notably when sheared on Ti.The biomaterials used here have been shown to activate leukocytes in a static environment. The introduction of shear appears to exacerbate this activation. Interestingly, a widely accepted biocompatible material (Ti) utilised in many different types of devices, has the capacity for immune cell activation and inhibition of MIF secretion when combined with shear stress. These findings contribute to our understanding of the contribution of biomaterials and shear stress to recurrent infections and vulnerability to sepsis in some VAD patients as well as pump thrombosis.
published_date 2018-01-08T03:59:53Z
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