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Biologically mediated weathering in modern cryptogamic ground covers and the early Paleozoic fossil record

Ria Mitchell Orcid Logo, Christine Strullu-Derrien, Paul Kenrick

Journal of the Geological Society, Volume: 176, Issue: 3, Pages: 430 - 439

Swansea University Author: Ria Mitchell Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1144/jgs2018-191

Abstract

Specific micro-weathering features and biochemically derived residues formed by living organisms can be used asbiomarkers to infer the presence of biological communities within sedimentary units of ancient ecosystems. We examinedbasaltic soil minerals from modern cryptogamic ground covers (CGCs) in...

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Published in: Journal of the Geological Society
ISSN: 0016-7649 2041-479X
Published: 2019
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa51050
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spelling 2019-08-12T11:43:21.9443022 v2 51050 2019-07-10 Biologically mediated weathering in modern cryptogamic ground covers and the early Paleozoic fossil record fcfffafbafb0036c483338f839df45e5 0000-0002-6328-3998 Ria Mitchell Ria Mitchell true false 2019-07-10 Specific micro-weathering features and biochemically derived residues formed by living organisms can be used asbiomarkers to infer the presence of biological communities within sedimentary units of ancient ecosystems. We examinedbasaltic soil minerals from modern cryptogamic ground covers (CGCs) in Iceland and compared these with two early Paleozoicfossil systems. Nine biologically mediated weathering features (BWFs) were identified in modern soils including micron-scalesurface trenching and penetrative tunnels, which are attributed to the actions of bacteria, fungi and exudates. Specific BWFs areassociated with Fe residues, and with Fe-rich bio-precipitated nodules. Further, putative comparable features and Fe enrichmentare identified in palaeosols from the late Silurian (Llansteffan, south Wales) and the Early Devonian (Rhynie chert, Scotland).Although we are cautious about attributing biological affinity to individual isolated features, our results demonstrate thepotential of using multiple BWF types as a collective together with their chemical signatures as new proxies to understandcommunity structure and interactions in early terrestrial ecosystems. This new information is the first evidence of interactionsbetween ancient CGC-like organisms and substrate or soil inorganic components in the fossil record, and demonstrates theability of CGC-like biospheres to contribute to mineral weathering, soil development and biogeochemical cycling duringthe early Paleozoic. Journal Article Journal of the Geological Society 176 3 430 439 0016-7649 2041-479X Weathering; evolution; soil development; microbe interactions 21 5 2019 2019-05-21 10.1144/jgs2018-191 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University 2019-08-12T11:43:21.9443022 2019-07-10T14:54:22.6450371 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised Ria Mitchell 0000-0002-6328-3998 1 Christine Strullu-Derrien 2 Paul Kenrick 3 0051050-09082019081144.pdf mitchell2019.pdf 2019-08-09T08:11:44.2470000 Output 723843 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2020-02-15T00:00:00.0000000 true eng
title Biologically mediated weathering in modern cryptogamic ground covers and the early Paleozoic fossil record
spellingShingle Biologically mediated weathering in modern cryptogamic ground covers and the early Paleozoic fossil record
Ria Mitchell
title_short Biologically mediated weathering in modern cryptogamic ground covers and the early Paleozoic fossil record
title_full Biologically mediated weathering in modern cryptogamic ground covers and the early Paleozoic fossil record
title_fullStr Biologically mediated weathering in modern cryptogamic ground covers and the early Paleozoic fossil record
title_full_unstemmed Biologically mediated weathering in modern cryptogamic ground covers and the early Paleozoic fossil record
title_sort Biologically mediated weathering in modern cryptogamic ground covers and the early Paleozoic fossil record
author_id_str_mv fcfffafbafb0036c483338f839df45e5
author_id_fullname_str_mv fcfffafbafb0036c483338f839df45e5_***_Ria Mitchell
author Ria Mitchell
author2 Ria Mitchell
Christine Strullu-Derrien
Paul Kenrick
format Journal article
container_title Journal of the Geological Society
container_volume 176
container_issue 3
container_start_page 430
publishDate 2019
institution Swansea University
issn 0016-7649
2041-479X
doi_str_mv 10.1144/jgs2018-191
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised
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description Specific micro-weathering features and biochemically derived residues formed by living organisms can be used asbiomarkers to infer the presence of biological communities within sedimentary units of ancient ecosystems. We examinedbasaltic soil minerals from modern cryptogamic ground covers (CGCs) in Iceland and compared these with two early Paleozoicfossil systems. Nine biologically mediated weathering features (BWFs) were identified in modern soils including micron-scalesurface trenching and penetrative tunnels, which are attributed to the actions of bacteria, fungi and exudates. Specific BWFs areassociated with Fe residues, and with Fe-rich bio-precipitated nodules. Further, putative comparable features and Fe enrichmentare identified in palaeosols from the late Silurian (Llansteffan, south Wales) and the Early Devonian (Rhynie chert, Scotland).Although we are cautious about attributing biological affinity to individual isolated features, our results demonstrate thepotential of using multiple BWF types as a collective together with their chemical signatures as new proxies to understandcommunity structure and interactions in early terrestrial ecosystems. This new information is the first evidence of interactionsbetween ancient CGC-like organisms and substrate or soil inorganic components in the fossil record, and demonstrates theability of CGC-like biospheres to contribute to mineral weathering, soil development and biogeochemical cycling duringthe early Paleozoic.
published_date 2019-05-21T19:45:43Z
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