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Influences of Non-fullerene Acceptor Fluorination on Three-Dimensional Morphology and Photovoltaic Properties of Organic Solar Cells
Mengxue Chen,
Dan Liu,
Wei Li,
Robert S. Gurney,
Donghui Li,
Jinlong Cai,
Emma L. K. Spooner,
Rachel C. Kilbride,
James D. McGettrick,
Trystan Watson ,
Zhe Li,
Richard A. L. Jones,
David G. Lidzey,
Tao Wang
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Volume: 11, Issue: 29, Pages: 26194 - 26203
Swansea University Author: Trystan Watson
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DOI (Published version): 10.1021/acsami.9b07317
Abstract
Fluorination of conjugated molecules has been established as an effective structural modification strategy to influence properties and has attracted extensive attention in organic solar cells (OSCs). Here, we have investigated optoelectronic and photovoltaic property changes of OSCs made of polymer...
Published in: | ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces |
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ISSN: | 1944-8244 1944-8252 |
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2019
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Here, we have investigated optoelectronic and photovoltaic property changes of OSCs made of polymer donors with the non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) ITIC and IEICO and their fluorinated counterparts IT-4F and IEICO-4F. Device studies show that fluorinated NFAs lead to reduced Voc but increased Jsc and fill-factor (FF), and therefore, the ultimate influence to efficiency depends on the compensation of Voc loss and gains of Jsc and FF. Fluorination lowers energy levels of NFAs, reduces their electronic band gaps, and red-shifts the absorption spectra. The impact of fluorination on the molecular order depends on the specific NFA, and the conversion of ITIC to IT-4F reduces the structural order, which can be reversed after blending with the donor PBDB-T. Contrastingly, IEICO-4F presents stronger π–π stacking after fluorination from IEICO, and this is further strengthened after blending with the donor PTB7-Th. The photovoltaic blends universally present a donor-rich surface region which can promote charge transport and collection toward the anode in inverted OSCs. The fluorination of NFAs, however, reduces the fraction of donors in this donor-rich region, consequently encouraging the intermixing of donor/acceptor for efficient charge generation.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces</journal><volume>11</volume><journalNumber>29</journalNumber><paginationStart>26194</paginationStart><paginationEnd>26203</paginationEnd><publisher/><issnPrint>1944-8244</issnPrint><issnElectronic>1944-8252</issnElectronic><keywords>organic solar cells, non-fullerene acceptors, fluorination, three-dimensional morphology, photovoltaic properties</keywords><publishedDay>24</publishedDay><publishedMonth>7</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2019</publishedYear><publishedDate>2019-07-24</publishedDate><doi>10.1021/acsami.9b07317</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Materials Science and Engineering</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>MTLS</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><lastEdited>2019-09-24T12:09:42.3293310</lastEdited><Created>2019-08-13T09:11:03.0964011</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Mengxue</firstname><surname>Chen</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Dan</firstname><surname>Liu</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Wei</firstname><surname>Li</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Robert S.</firstname><surname>Gurney</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Donghui</firstname><surname>Li</surname><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Jinlong</firstname><surname>Cai</surname><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>Emma L. 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2019-09-24T12:09:42.3293310 v2 51386 2019-08-13 Influences of Non-fullerene Acceptor Fluorination on Three-Dimensional Morphology and Photovoltaic Properties of Organic Solar Cells a210327b52472cfe8df9b8108d661457 0000-0002-8015-1436 Trystan Watson Trystan Watson true false 2019-08-13 MTLS Fluorination of conjugated molecules has been established as an effective structural modification strategy to influence properties and has attracted extensive attention in organic solar cells (OSCs). Here, we have investigated optoelectronic and photovoltaic property changes of OSCs made of polymer donors with the non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) ITIC and IEICO and their fluorinated counterparts IT-4F and IEICO-4F. Device studies show that fluorinated NFAs lead to reduced Voc but increased Jsc and fill-factor (FF), and therefore, the ultimate influence to efficiency depends on the compensation of Voc loss and gains of Jsc and FF. Fluorination lowers energy levels of NFAs, reduces their electronic band gaps, and red-shifts the absorption spectra. The impact of fluorination on the molecular order depends on the specific NFA, and the conversion of ITIC to IT-4F reduces the structural order, which can be reversed after blending with the donor PBDB-T. Contrastingly, IEICO-4F presents stronger π–π stacking after fluorination from IEICO, and this is further strengthened after blending with the donor PTB7-Th. The photovoltaic blends universally present a donor-rich surface region which can promote charge transport and collection toward the anode in inverted OSCs. The fluorination of NFAs, however, reduces the fraction of donors in this donor-rich region, consequently encouraging the intermixing of donor/acceptor for efficient charge generation. Journal Article ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 11 29 26194 26203 1944-8244 1944-8252 organic solar cells, non-fullerene acceptors, fluorination, three-dimensional morphology, photovoltaic properties 24 7 2019 2019-07-24 10.1021/acsami.9b07317 COLLEGE NANME Materials Science and Engineering COLLEGE CODE MTLS Swansea University 2019-09-24T12:09:42.3293310 2019-08-13T09:11:03.0964011 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering Mengxue Chen 1 Dan Liu 2 Wei Li 3 Robert S. Gurney 4 Donghui Li 5 Jinlong Cai 6 Emma L. K. Spooner 7 Rachel C. Kilbride 8 James D. McGettrick 9 Trystan Watson 0000-0002-8015-1436 10 Zhe Li 11 Richard A. L. Jones 12 David G. Lidzey 13 Tao Wang 14 0051386-24092019120801.pdf chen2019(3).pdf 2019-09-24T12:08:01.3200000 Output 1971657 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2020-06-26T00:00:00.0000000 true eng 0051386-24092019120845.pdf chen2019(3)SI.pdf 2019-09-24T12:08:45.8930000 Output 1266692 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2020-06-26T00:00:00.0000000 true eng |
title |
Influences of Non-fullerene Acceptor Fluorination on Three-Dimensional Morphology and Photovoltaic Properties of Organic Solar Cells |
spellingShingle |
Influences of Non-fullerene Acceptor Fluorination on Three-Dimensional Morphology and Photovoltaic Properties of Organic Solar Cells Trystan Watson |
title_short |
Influences of Non-fullerene Acceptor Fluorination on Three-Dimensional Morphology and Photovoltaic Properties of Organic Solar Cells |
title_full |
Influences of Non-fullerene Acceptor Fluorination on Three-Dimensional Morphology and Photovoltaic Properties of Organic Solar Cells |
title_fullStr |
Influences of Non-fullerene Acceptor Fluorination on Three-Dimensional Morphology and Photovoltaic Properties of Organic Solar Cells |
title_full_unstemmed |
Influences of Non-fullerene Acceptor Fluorination on Three-Dimensional Morphology and Photovoltaic Properties of Organic Solar Cells |
title_sort |
Influences of Non-fullerene Acceptor Fluorination on Three-Dimensional Morphology and Photovoltaic Properties of Organic Solar Cells |
author_id_str_mv |
a210327b52472cfe8df9b8108d661457 |
author_id_fullname_str_mv |
a210327b52472cfe8df9b8108d661457_***_Trystan Watson |
author |
Trystan Watson |
author2 |
Mengxue Chen Dan Liu Wei Li Robert S. Gurney Donghui Li Jinlong Cai Emma L. K. Spooner Rachel C. Kilbride James D. McGettrick Trystan Watson Zhe Li Richard A. L. Jones David G. Lidzey Tao Wang |
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces |
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1944-8244 1944-8252 |
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10.1021/acsami.9b07317 |
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description |
Fluorination of conjugated molecules has been established as an effective structural modification strategy to influence properties and has attracted extensive attention in organic solar cells (OSCs). Here, we have investigated optoelectronic and photovoltaic property changes of OSCs made of polymer donors with the non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) ITIC and IEICO and their fluorinated counterparts IT-4F and IEICO-4F. Device studies show that fluorinated NFAs lead to reduced Voc but increased Jsc and fill-factor (FF), and therefore, the ultimate influence to efficiency depends on the compensation of Voc loss and gains of Jsc and FF. Fluorination lowers energy levels of NFAs, reduces their electronic band gaps, and red-shifts the absorption spectra. The impact of fluorination on the molecular order depends on the specific NFA, and the conversion of ITIC to IT-4F reduces the structural order, which can be reversed after blending with the donor PBDB-T. Contrastingly, IEICO-4F presents stronger π–π stacking after fluorination from IEICO, and this is further strengthened after blending with the donor PTB7-Th. The photovoltaic blends universally present a donor-rich surface region which can promote charge transport and collection toward the anode in inverted OSCs. The fluorination of NFAs, however, reduces the fraction of donors in this donor-rich region, consequently encouraging the intermixing of donor/acceptor for efficient charge generation. |
published_date |
2019-07-24T04:03:15Z |
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1763753271347904512 |
score |
11.024221 |