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The effects of menthol on exercise performance and thermal sensation: A meta-analysis

Owen Jeffries, Mark Waldron Orcid Logo

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, Volume: 22, Issue: 6, Pages: 707 - 715

Swansea University Author: Mark Waldron Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.jsams.2018.12.002

Abstract

AbstractObjectivesMenthol is an organic compound with non-thermal cooling properties that has been shown to relieve thermal strain associated with exercise in the heat; however, its effects on performance have not been systematically analysed. The aims were to determine the effects of menthol applie...

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Published in: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport
ISSN: 1440-2440
Published: Elsevier 2019
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa51427
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first_indexed 2019-08-15T21:29:49Z
last_indexed 2019-09-03T20:47:25Z
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spelling 2019-09-03T16:14:20.0298968 v2 51427 2019-08-15 The effects of menthol on exercise performance and thermal sensation: A meta-analysis 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa 0000-0002-2720-4615 Mark Waldron Mark Waldron true false 2019-08-15 STSC AbstractObjectivesMenthol is an organic compound with non-thermal cooling properties that has been shown to relieve thermal strain associated with exercise in the heat; however, its effects on performance have not been systematically analysed. The aims were to determine the effects of menthol applied (1) internally and (2) externally on exercise performance and thermal sensation.DesignMeta-analysisMethodsA search was performed using various databases in August 2018. The studies were screened using search criteria for eligibility. Thirteen peer-reviewed articles were identified for inclusion in a primary analysis on the effect of menthol on exercise performance; subsequently eleven of these articles were included in a secondary analysis on the effect of menthol on thermal sensation during exercise. A sub-analysis examining the application method was also performed.ResultsMenthol improved overall exercise performance (Hedges’ g = 0.33, 95% CI −0.00, 0.65 P = 0.05), demonstrating greater effects when applied internally (Hedges’ g = 0.40, 95% CI 0.04, 0.76, P = 0.03). Thermal sensation was also lowered overall across all studies (Hedges’ g = −0.54, 95% CI −0.67, −0.42, P < 0.001).ConclusionsExercise performance can be improved by application of non-thermally cooling menthol, which also reduces perceptual measures of thermal sensation. Internal application appears to be the best strategy to improve performance. Journal Article Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 22 6 707 715 Elsevier 1440-2440 Heat, Cold, Thermoregulation, Sensory, Perception 6 6 2019 2019-06-06 10.1016/j.jsams.2018.12.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2018.12.002 COLLEGE NANME Sport and Exercise Sciences COLLEGE CODE STSC Swansea University 2019-09-03T16:14:20.0298968 2019-08-15T16:42:23.6307438 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences Owen Jeffries 1 Mark Waldron 0000-0002-2720-4615 2
title The effects of menthol on exercise performance and thermal sensation: A meta-analysis
spellingShingle The effects of menthol on exercise performance and thermal sensation: A meta-analysis
Mark Waldron
title_short The effects of menthol on exercise performance and thermal sensation: A meta-analysis
title_full The effects of menthol on exercise performance and thermal sensation: A meta-analysis
title_fullStr The effects of menthol on exercise performance and thermal sensation: A meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed The effects of menthol on exercise performance and thermal sensation: A meta-analysis
title_sort The effects of menthol on exercise performance and thermal sensation: A meta-analysis
author_id_str_mv 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa
author_id_fullname_str_mv 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa_***_Mark Waldron
author Mark Waldron
author2 Owen Jeffries
Mark Waldron
format Journal article
container_title Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport
container_volume 22
container_issue 6
container_start_page 707
publishDate 2019
institution Swansea University
issn 1440-2440
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.jsams.2018.12.002
publisher Elsevier
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences
url https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2018.12.002
document_store_str 0
active_str 0
description AbstractObjectivesMenthol is an organic compound with non-thermal cooling properties that has been shown to relieve thermal strain associated with exercise in the heat; however, its effects on performance have not been systematically analysed. The aims were to determine the effects of menthol applied (1) internally and (2) externally on exercise performance and thermal sensation.DesignMeta-analysisMethodsA search was performed using various databases in August 2018. The studies were screened using search criteria for eligibility. Thirteen peer-reviewed articles were identified for inclusion in a primary analysis on the effect of menthol on exercise performance; subsequently eleven of these articles were included in a secondary analysis on the effect of menthol on thermal sensation during exercise. A sub-analysis examining the application method was also performed.ResultsMenthol improved overall exercise performance (Hedges’ g = 0.33, 95% CI −0.00, 0.65 P = 0.05), demonstrating greater effects when applied internally (Hedges’ g = 0.40, 95% CI 0.04, 0.76, P = 0.03). Thermal sensation was also lowered overall across all studies (Hedges’ g = −0.54, 95% CI −0.67, −0.42, P < 0.001).ConclusionsExercise performance can be improved by application of non-thermally cooling menthol, which also reduces perceptual measures of thermal sensation. Internal application appears to be the best strategy to improve performance.
published_date 2019-06-06T04:03:18Z
_version_ 1763753274295451648
score 11.016235

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