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An Analysis of Variability in Power Output During Indoor and Outdoor Cycling Time-Trials

Owen Jeffries, Mark Waldron Orcid Logo, Stephen D. Patterson, Brook Galna

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, Pages: 1 - 20

Swansea University Author: Mark Waldron Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1123/ijspp.2018-0539

Abstract

PURPOSE::Regulation of power output during cycling encompasses the integration of internal and external demands to maximise performance. However, relatively little is known about variation in power output in response to the external demands of outdoor cycling. We compared mean power output and the m...

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Published in: International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance
ISSN: 1555-0265 1555-0273
Published: Human Kinetics 2019
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa51503
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first_indexed 2019-08-21T21:31:11Z
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fullrecord <?xml version="1.0"?><rfc1807><datestamp>2019-09-03T10:49:18.7440218</datestamp><bib-version>v2</bib-version><id>51503</id><entry>2019-08-21</entry><title>An Analysis of Variability in Power Output During Indoor and Outdoor Cycling Time-Trials</title><swanseaauthors><author><sid>70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa</sid><ORCID>0000-0002-2720-4615</ORCID><firstname>Mark</firstname><surname>Waldron</surname><name>Mark Waldron</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author></swanseaauthors><date>2019-08-21</date><deptcode>STSC</deptcode><abstract>PURPOSE::Regulation of power output during cycling encompasses the integration of internal and external demands to maximise performance. However, relatively little is known about variation in power output in response to the external demands of outdoor cycling. We compared mean power output and the magnitude of power output variability and structure during a 20-min time-trial performed indoors and outdoors.METHODS::Twenty male competitive cyclists (V&#x307;O2peak 60.4 &#xB1; 7.1 mL&#xB7;kg-1&#xB7;min-1) performed two randomised maximal 20-min time-trial tests i) outdoors at a cycle-specific racing circuit or ii) indoors on a laboratory-based electromagnetically braked training ergometer, 7 days apart. Power output was sampled at 1 Hz and collected on the same bike equipped with a portable power meter in both tests.RESULTS::Twenty-min time-trial performance indoor (280 &#xB1; 44 W) was not different from outdoor (284 &#xB1; 41 W) (P = 0.256), showing a strong correlation (r = 0.94; P &lt; 0.001). Within-person SD was greater outdoors (69 &#xB1; 21 W) compared to indoors (33 &#xB1; 10 W) (P &lt; 0.001). Increased variability was observed across all frequencies in data from outdoor cycling compared to indoors (P &lt; 0.001) except for the very slowest frequency bin (&lt;0.0033 Hz, P = 0.930).CONCLUSIONS::Our findings indicate a greater magnitude of variability in power output during cycling outdoors. This suggests that constraints imposed by the external environment lead to moderate and high frequency fluctuations in power output. Therefore, indoor testing protocols should be designed to reflect the external demands of cycling outdoors.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance</journal><paginationStart>1</paginationStart><paginationEnd>20</paginationEnd><publisher>Human Kinetics</publisher><issnPrint>1555-0265</issnPrint><issnElectronic>1555-0273</issnElectronic><keywords>Frequency; Fluctuations; Pacing; Performance; Structure</keywords><publishedDay>12</publishedDay><publishedMonth>3</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2019</publishedYear><publishedDate>2019-03-12</publishedDate><doi>10.1123/ijspp.2018-0539</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Sport and Exercise Sciences</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>STSC</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><lastEdited>2019-09-03T10:49:18.7440218</lastEdited><Created>2019-08-21T15:36:47.8837544</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Owen</firstname><surname>Jeffries</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Mark</firstname><surname>Waldron</surname><orcid>0000-0002-2720-4615</orcid><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Stephen D.</firstname><surname>Patterson</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Brook</firstname><surname>Galna</surname><order>4</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>51503__16155__b429f91235ef4842bf3949a42f202b24.pdf</filename><originalFilename>51503.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2019-12-19T11:58:52.3420754</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>524436</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Accepted Manuscript</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><embargoDate>2020-03-12T00:00:00.0000000</embargoDate><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling 2019-09-03T10:49:18.7440218 v2 51503 2019-08-21 An Analysis of Variability in Power Output During Indoor and Outdoor Cycling Time-Trials 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa 0000-0002-2720-4615 Mark Waldron Mark Waldron true false 2019-08-21 STSC PURPOSE::Regulation of power output during cycling encompasses the integration of internal and external demands to maximise performance. However, relatively little is known about variation in power output in response to the external demands of outdoor cycling. We compared mean power output and the magnitude of power output variability and structure during a 20-min time-trial performed indoors and outdoors.METHODS::Twenty male competitive cyclists (V̇O2peak 60.4 ± 7.1 mL·kg-1·min-1) performed two randomised maximal 20-min time-trial tests i) outdoors at a cycle-specific racing circuit or ii) indoors on a laboratory-based electromagnetically braked training ergometer, 7 days apart. Power output was sampled at 1 Hz and collected on the same bike equipped with a portable power meter in both tests.RESULTS::Twenty-min time-trial performance indoor (280 ± 44 W) was not different from outdoor (284 ± 41 W) (P = 0.256), showing a strong correlation (r = 0.94; P < 0.001). Within-person SD was greater outdoors (69 ± 21 W) compared to indoors (33 ± 10 W) (P < 0.001). Increased variability was observed across all frequencies in data from outdoor cycling compared to indoors (P < 0.001) except for the very slowest frequency bin (<0.0033 Hz, P = 0.930).CONCLUSIONS::Our findings indicate a greater magnitude of variability in power output during cycling outdoors. This suggests that constraints imposed by the external environment lead to moderate and high frequency fluctuations in power output. Therefore, indoor testing protocols should be designed to reflect the external demands of cycling outdoors. Journal Article International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 1 20 Human Kinetics 1555-0265 1555-0273 Frequency; Fluctuations; Pacing; Performance; Structure 12 3 2019 2019-03-12 10.1123/ijspp.2018-0539 COLLEGE NANME Sport and Exercise Sciences COLLEGE CODE STSC Swansea University 2019-09-03T10:49:18.7440218 2019-08-21T15:36:47.8837544 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences Owen Jeffries 1 Mark Waldron 0000-0002-2720-4615 2 Stephen D. Patterson 3 Brook Galna 4 51503__16155__b429f91235ef4842bf3949a42f202b24.pdf 51503.pdf 2019-12-19T11:58:52.3420754 Output 524436 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2020-03-12T00:00:00.0000000 true
title An Analysis of Variability in Power Output During Indoor and Outdoor Cycling Time-Trials
spellingShingle An Analysis of Variability in Power Output During Indoor and Outdoor Cycling Time-Trials
Mark Waldron
title_short An Analysis of Variability in Power Output During Indoor and Outdoor Cycling Time-Trials
title_full An Analysis of Variability in Power Output During Indoor and Outdoor Cycling Time-Trials
title_fullStr An Analysis of Variability in Power Output During Indoor and Outdoor Cycling Time-Trials
title_full_unstemmed An Analysis of Variability in Power Output During Indoor and Outdoor Cycling Time-Trials
title_sort An Analysis of Variability in Power Output During Indoor and Outdoor Cycling Time-Trials
author_id_str_mv 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa
author_id_fullname_str_mv 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa_***_Mark Waldron
author Mark Waldron
author2 Owen Jeffries
Mark Waldron
Stephen D. Patterson
Brook Galna
format Journal article
container_title International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance
container_start_page 1
publishDate 2019
institution Swansea University
issn 1555-0265
1555-0273
doi_str_mv 10.1123/ijspp.2018-0539
publisher Human Kinetics
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description PURPOSE::Regulation of power output during cycling encompasses the integration of internal and external demands to maximise performance. However, relatively little is known about variation in power output in response to the external demands of outdoor cycling. We compared mean power output and the magnitude of power output variability and structure during a 20-min time-trial performed indoors and outdoors.METHODS::Twenty male competitive cyclists (V̇O2peak 60.4 ± 7.1 mL·kg-1·min-1) performed two randomised maximal 20-min time-trial tests i) outdoors at a cycle-specific racing circuit or ii) indoors on a laboratory-based electromagnetically braked training ergometer, 7 days apart. Power output was sampled at 1 Hz and collected on the same bike equipped with a portable power meter in both tests.RESULTS::Twenty-min time-trial performance indoor (280 ± 44 W) was not different from outdoor (284 ± 41 W) (P = 0.256), showing a strong correlation (r = 0.94; P < 0.001). Within-person SD was greater outdoors (69 ± 21 W) compared to indoors (33 ± 10 W) (P < 0.001). Increased variability was observed across all frequencies in data from outdoor cycling compared to indoors (P < 0.001) except for the very slowest frequency bin (<0.0033 Hz, P = 0.930).CONCLUSIONS::Our findings indicate a greater magnitude of variability in power output during cycling outdoors. This suggests that constraints imposed by the external environment lead to moderate and high frequency fluctuations in power output. Therefore, indoor testing protocols should be designed to reflect the external demands of cycling outdoors.
published_date 2019-03-12T04:03:24Z
_version_ 1763753281320910848
score 11.016235

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