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Sowing the Seeds of Seagrass Recovery Using Hessian Bags
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Volume: 7
Swansea University Authors:
Richard Unsworth , Nicole Esteban
, Christopher Lowe
, Hanna Nuuttila, Sam Rees
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DOI (Published version): 10.3389/fevo.2019.00311
Abstract
Seagrass meadows are an important wetland habitat that have been degraded globally but have an important carbon storage role. In order to expand the restoration of theseproductive and biodiverse habitats methods are required that can be used for large scale habitat creation across a range of environ...
Published in: | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
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ISSN: | 2296-701X |
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Frontiers Media SA
2019
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URI: | https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa51930 |
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In order to expand the restoration of theseproductive and biodiverse habitats methods are required that can be used for large scale habitat creation across a range of environmental conditions. The spreading of seagrassseeds has been proven to be a successful method for restoring seagrass around the world, however in places where tidal range is large such methods become limited byresultant water movements. Here we describe and test a method for deploying seagrass seeds of the species Zostera marina over large scales using a new, simple method “Bagsof Seagrass Seeds Line (BoSSLine).” This method involved planting seeds and sediment using natural fiber hessian bags deployed along strings anchored onto the seabed. Whendeployed in a suitable environment 94% of bags developed mature seagrass shoots, unfortunately one site subjected to a large storm event resulted in sediment burial ofthe bags and no seed germination. Bags were filled with 100 seeds with each leading to the development of 2.37 ± 2.41 mature shoots (206 ± 87mm in length) 10 monthsafter planting. The method was proven successful however the experiments illustrated the need to ensure habitat suitability prior to their use. Low seed success rate wascomparable to other restoration studies, however further trials are recommended to ensure ways to improve this rate. In conclusion, this study provides evidence for aneffective, simple method “Bags of Seagrass Seeds Line (BoSSLine)” for deploying seeds of the seagrass Zostera marina over large scales.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution</journal><volume>7</volume><journalNumber/><paginationStart/><paginationEnd/><publisher>Frontiers Media SA</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint/><issnElectronic>2296-701X</issnElectronic><keywords>seagrass, feedbacks (positive/negative), restoration, seagrass (Zostera), macrophytes (aquatic plants)</keywords><publishedDay>21</publishedDay><publishedMonth>8</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2019</publishedYear><publishedDate>2019-08-21</publishedDate><doi>10.3389/fevo.2019.00311</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Biosciences</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>SBI</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><lastEdited>2020-11-03T12:06:06.2661716</lastEdited><Created>2019-09-17T13:35:20.5814392</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Richard</firstname><surname>Unsworth</surname><orcid>0000-0003-0036-9724</orcid><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Chiara M.</firstname><surname>Bertelli</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Leanne C.</firstname><surname>Cullen-Unsworth</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Nicole</firstname><surname>Esteban</surname><orcid>0000-0003-4693-7221</orcid><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Benjamin L.</firstname><surname>Jones</surname><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Richard</firstname><surname>Lilley</surname><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>Christopher</firstname><surname>Lowe</surname><orcid>0000-0003-1260-9975</orcid><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>Hanna</firstname><surname>Nuuttila</surname><order>8</order></author><author><firstname>Sam</firstname><surname>Rees</surname><order>9</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>0051930-20092019154018.pdf</filename><originalFilename>51930.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2019-09-20T15:40:18.9370000</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>695017</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>© 2020 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY) License</documentNotes><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect><language>eng</language><licence>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</licence></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807> |
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2020-11-03T12:06:06.2661716 v2 51930 2019-09-17 Sowing the Seeds of Seagrass Recovery Using Hessian Bags b0f33acd13a3ab541cf2aaea27f4fc2f 0000-0003-0036-9724 Richard Unsworth Richard Unsworth true false fb2e760b83b4580e7445092982f1f319 0000-0003-4693-7221 Nicole Esteban Nicole Esteban true false 3f65a4b0ace1976a34bc32d76eb92e8f 0000-0003-1260-9975 Christopher Lowe Christopher Lowe true false 0302aad4bf64c26334e2a44a7e8e8f13 Hanna Nuuttila Hanna Nuuttila true false 25809349ff4e207ac37ac3846a87b51c Sam Rees Sam Rees true false 2019-09-17 SBI Seagrass meadows are an important wetland habitat that have been degraded globally but have an important carbon storage role. In order to expand the restoration of theseproductive and biodiverse habitats methods are required that can be used for large scale habitat creation across a range of environmental conditions. The spreading of seagrassseeds has been proven to be a successful method for restoring seagrass around the world, however in places where tidal range is large such methods become limited byresultant water movements. Here we describe and test a method for deploying seagrass seeds of the species Zostera marina over large scales using a new, simple method “Bagsof Seagrass Seeds Line (BoSSLine).” This method involved planting seeds and sediment using natural fiber hessian bags deployed along strings anchored onto the seabed. Whendeployed in a suitable environment 94% of bags developed mature seagrass shoots, unfortunately one site subjected to a large storm event resulted in sediment burial ofthe bags and no seed germination. Bags were filled with 100 seeds with each leading to the development of 2.37 ± 2.41 mature shoots (206 ± 87mm in length) 10 monthsafter planting. The method was proven successful however the experiments illustrated the need to ensure habitat suitability prior to their use. Low seed success rate wascomparable to other restoration studies, however further trials are recommended to ensure ways to improve this rate. In conclusion, this study provides evidence for aneffective, simple method “Bags of Seagrass Seeds Line (BoSSLine)” for deploying seeds of the seagrass Zostera marina over large scales. Journal Article Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 7 Frontiers Media SA 2296-701X seagrass, feedbacks (positive/negative), restoration, seagrass (Zostera), macrophytes (aquatic plants) 21 8 2019 2019-08-21 10.3389/fevo.2019.00311 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences COLLEGE CODE SBI Swansea University 2020-11-03T12:06:06.2661716 2019-09-17T13:35:20.5814392 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences Richard Unsworth 0000-0003-0036-9724 1 Chiara M. Bertelli 2 Leanne C. Cullen-Unsworth 3 Nicole Esteban 0000-0003-4693-7221 4 Benjamin L. Jones 5 Richard Lilley 6 Christopher Lowe 0000-0003-1260-9975 7 Hanna Nuuttila 8 Sam Rees 9 0051930-20092019154018.pdf 51930.pdf 2019-09-20T15:40:18.9370000 Output 695017 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2020 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY) License true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
title |
Sowing the Seeds of Seagrass Recovery Using Hessian Bags |
spellingShingle |
Sowing the Seeds of Seagrass Recovery Using Hessian Bags Richard Unsworth Nicole Esteban Christopher Lowe Hanna Nuuttila Sam Rees |
title_short |
Sowing the Seeds of Seagrass Recovery Using Hessian Bags |
title_full |
Sowing the Seeds of Seagrass Recovery Using Hessian Bags |
title_fullStr |
Sowing the Seeds of Seagrass Recovery Using Hessian Bags |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sowing the Seeds of Seagrass Recovery Using Hessian Bags |
title_sort |
Sowing the Seeds of Seagrass Recovery Using Hessian Bags |
author_id_str_mv |
b0f33acd13a3ab541cf2aaea27f4fc2f fb2e760b83b4580e7445092982f1f319 3f65a4b0ace1976a34bc32d76eb92e8f 0302aad4bf64c26334e2a44a7e8e8f13 25809349ff4e207ac37ac3846a87b51c |
author_id_fullname_str_mv |
b0f33acd13a3ab541cf2aaea27f4fc2f_***_Richard Unsworth fb2e760b83b4580e7445092982f1f319_***_Nicole Esteban 3f65a4b0ace1976a34bc32d76eb92e8f_***_Christopher Lowe 0302aad4bf64c26334e2a44a7e8e8f13_***_Hanna Nuuttila 25809349ff4e207ac37ac3846a87b51c_***_Sam Rees |
author |
Richard Unsworth Nicole Esteban Christopher Lowe Hanna Nuuttila Sam Rees |
author2 |
Richard Unsworth Chiara M. Bertelli Leanne C. Cullen-Unsworth Nicole Esteban Benjamin L. Jones Richard Lilley Christopher Lowe Hanna Nuuttila Sam Rees |
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Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
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7 |
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Swansea University |
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2296-701X |
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10.3389/fevo.2019.00311 |
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Frontiers Media SA |
college_str |
Faculty of Science and Engineering |
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School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences |
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description |
Seagrass meadows are an important wetland habitat that have been degraded globally but have an important carbon storage role. In order to expand the restoration of theseproductive and biodiverse habitats methods are required that can be used for large scale habitat creation across a range of environmental conditions. The spreading of seagrassseeds has been proven to be a successful method for restoring seagrass around the world, however in places where tidal range is large such methods become limited byresultant water movements. Here we describe and test a method for deploying seagrass seeds of the species Zostera marina over large scales using a new, simple method “Bagsof Seagrass Seeds Line (BoSSLine).” This method involved planting seeds and sediment using natural fiber hessian bags deployed along strings anchored onto the seabed. Whendeployed in a suitable environment 94% of bags developed mature seagrass shoots, unfortunately one site subjected to a large storm event resulted in sediment burial ofthe bags and no seed germination. Bags were filled with 100 seeds with each leading to the development of 2.37 ± 2.41 mature shoots (206 ± 87mm in length) 10 monthsafter planting. The method was proven successful however the experiments illustrated the need to ensure habitat suitability prior to their use. Low seed success rate wascomparable to other restoration studies, however further trials are recommended to ensure ways to improve this rate. In conclusion, this study provides evidence for aneffective, simple method “Bags of Seagrass Seeds Line (BoSSLine)” for deploying seeds of the seagrass Zostera marina over large scales. |
published_date |
2019-08-21T04:04:00Z |
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1763753318611419136 |
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11.021648 |