Water repellency reduces soil CO2 efflux upon rewetting

Sanchez-Garcia, Carmen; Oliveira, Bruna R.F.; Keizer, Jan Jacob; Doerr, Stefan; Urbanek, Emilia

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135014

Journal article 715 views 209 downloads

Water repellency reduces soil CO2 efflux upon rewetting

Carmen Sanchez-Garcia, Bruna R.F. Oliveira, Jan Jacob Keizer, Stefan Doerr

, Emilia Urbanek

Science of The Total Environment, Volume: 708, Start page: 135014

Swansea University Authors: Carmen Sanchez-Garcia, Stefan Doerr , Emilia Urbanek

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©2019 All rights reserved. All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License (CC-BY-NC-ND)
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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135014

Abstract

Carbon dioxide (CO2) efflux from soil represents one of the biggest ecosystem carbon (C) fluxes and high-magnitude pulses caused by rainfall make a substantial contribution to the overall C emissions. It is widely accepted that the drier the soil, the larger the CO2 pulses will be, but this notion h...

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Published in:	Science of The Total Environment
ISSN:	0048-9697
Published:	Elsevier BV 2020
Online Access:	Check full text
URI:	https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa52624
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first_indexed	2019-11-01T04:13:36Z
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It is widely accepted that the drier the soil, the larger the CO2 pulses will be, but this notion has never been tested for water-repellent soils. Soil water repellency (SWR) is a common feature of many soils and is especially prominent after dry periods or fires. An important unanswered question is to what degree SWR affects common assumptions about soil CO2 dynamics. To address this, our study investigates, for the first time, the effect of SWR on the CO2 pulse upon wetting for water-repellent soils from recently burned forest sites. CO2 efflux measurements in response to simulated wetting were conducted both under laboratory and in situ conditions. Experiments were conducted on strongly and extremely water-repellent soils, with a wettable scenario simulated by adding a wetting agent to the water. CO2 efflux upon rewetting was significantly lower in the water-repellent scenarios. Under laboratory conditions, CO2 pulse was up to four times lower under the water-repellent scenario as a result of limited wetting, with 70% of applied water draining rapidly via preferential flow paths, leaving much of the soil dry. We suggest that the predominant cause of the lower CO2 pulse in water-repellent soils was the smaller volume of pores in which the CO2 was replaced by infiltrating water, compared to wettable soil. This study shows that SWR should be considered as an important factor when measuring or predicting the CO2 flush upon rewetting of dry soils. 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spelling	2020-12-16T17:23:43.1765197 v2 52624 2019-10-31 Water repellency reduces soil CO2 efflux upon rewetting 466600dc1f90b208a9008df7c9805a7b Carmen Sanchez-Garcia Carmen Sanchez-Garcia true false 575eb5094f2328249328b3e43deb5088 0000-0002-8700-9002 Stefan Doerr Stefan Doerr true false 6d7e46bd913e12897d7f222ca78a718f 0000-0002-7748-4416 Emilia Urbanek Emilia Urbanek true false 2019-10-31 SGE Carbon dioxide (CO2) efflux from soil represents one of the biggest ecosystem carbon (C) fluxes and high-magnitude pulses caused by rainfall make a substantial contribution to the overall C emissions. It is widely accepted that the drier the soil, the larger the CO2 pulses will be, but this notion has never been tested for water-repellent soils. Soil water repellency (SWR) is a common feature of many soils and is especially prominent after dry periods or fires. An important unanswered question is to what degree SWR affects common assumptions about soil CO2 dynamics. To address this, our study investigates, for the first time, the effect of SWR on the CO2 pulse upon wetting for water-repellent soils from recently burned forest sites. CO2 efflux measurements in response to simulated wetting were conducted both under laboratory and in situ conditions. Experiments were conducted on strongly and extremely water-repellent soils, with a wettable scenario simulated by adding a wetting agent to the water. CO2 efflux upon rewetting was significantly lower in the water-repellent scenarios. Under laboratory conditions, CO2 pulse was up to four times lower under the water-repellent scenario as a result of limited wetting, with 70% of applied water draining rapidly via preferential flow paths, leaving much of the soil dry. We suggest that the predominant cause of the lower CO2 pulse in water-repellent soils was the smaller volume of pores in which the CO2 was replaced by infiltrating water, compared to wettable soil. This study shows that SWR should be considered as an important factor when measuring or predicting the CO2 flush upon rewetting of dry soils. Although this study focused mainly on short-term effects of rewetting on CO2 fluxes, the overall implications of SWR on physical changes in soil conditions can be long lasting, with overall larger consequences for C dynamics. Journal Article Science of The Total Environment 708 135014 Elsevier BV 0048-9697 Hydrophobicity, Birch effect, Wildfire, Wetting, Rain pulses, Climate change 15 3 2020 2020-03-15 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135014 COLLEGE NANME Geography COLLEGE CODE SGE Swansea University 2020-12-16T17:23:43.1765197 2019-10-31T21:19:39.2730307 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography Carmen Sanchez-Garcia 1 Bruna R.F. Oliveira 2 Jan Jacob Keizer 3 Stefan Doerr 0000-0002-8700-9002 4 Emilia Urbanek 0000-0002-7748-4416 5 52624__15886__811b1fe4e4de485883cf96b125de1a52.pdf 52624.pdf 2019-11-14T16:41:37.0705589 Output 1733159 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2020-11-04T00:00:00.0000000 ©2019 All rights reserved. All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License (CC-BY-NC-ND) true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
title	Water repellency reduces soil CO2 efflux upon rewetting
spellingShingle	Water repellency reduces soil CO2 efflux upon rewetting Carmen Sanchez-Garcia Stefan Doerr Emilia Urbanek
title_short	Water repellency reduces soil CO2 efflux upon rewetting
title_full	Water repellency reduces soil CO2 efflux upon rewetting
title_fullStr	Water repellency reduces soil CO2 efflux upon rewetting
title_full_unstemmed	Water repellency reduces soil CO2 efflux upon rewetting
title_sort	Water repellency reduces soil CO2 efflux upon rewetting
author_id_str_mv	466600dc1f90b208a9008df7c9805a7b 575eb5094f2328249328b3e43deb5088 6d7e46bd913e12897d7f222ca78a718f
author_id_fullname_str_mv	466600dc1f90b208a9008df7c9805a7b_*_Carmen Sanchez-Garcia 575eb5094f2328249328b3e43deb5088__Stefan Doerr 6d7e46bd913e12897d7f222ca78a718f_**_Emilia Urbanek
author	Carmen Sanchez-Garcia Stefan Doerr Emilia Urbanek
author2	Carmen Sanchez-Garcia Bruna R.F. Oliveira Jan Jacob Keizer Stefan Doerr Emilia Urbanek
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container_title	Science of The Total Environment
container_volume	708
container_start_page	135014
publishDate	2020
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publisher	Elsevier BV
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description	Carbon dioxide (CO2) efflux from soil represents one of the biggest ecosystem carbon (C) fluxes and high-magnitude pulses caused by rainfall make a substantial contribution to the overall C emissions. It is widely accepted that the drier the soil, the larger the CO2 pulses will be, but this notion has never been tested for water-repellent soils. Soil water repellency (SWR) is a common feature of many soils and is especially prominent after dry periods or fires. An important unanswered question is to what degree SWR affects common assumptions about soil CO2 dynamics. To address this, our study investigates, for the first time, the effect of SWR on the CO2 pulse upon wetting for water-repellent soils from recently burned forest sites. CO2 efflux measurements in response to simulated wetting were conducted both under laboratory and in situ conditions. Experiments were conducted on strongly and extremely water-repellent soils, with a wettable scenario simulated by adding a wetting agent to the water. CO2 efflux upon rewetting was significantly lower in the water-repellent scenarios. Under laboratory conditions, CO2 pulse was up to four times lower under the water-repellent scenario as a result of limited wetting, with 70% of applied water draining rapidly via preferential flow paths, leaving much of the soil dry. We suggest that the predominant cause of the lower CO2 pulse in water-repellent soils was the smaller volume of pores in which the CO2 was replaced by infiltrating water, compared to wettable soil. This study shows that SWR should be considered as an important factor when measuring or predicting the CO2 flush upon rewetting of dry soils. Although this study focused mainly on short-term effects of rewetting on CO2 fluxes, the overall implications of SWR on physical changes in soil conditions can be long lasting, with overall larger consequences for C dynamics.
published_date	2020-03-15T04:05:06Z
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score	10.998228

Water repellency reduces soil CO2 efflux upon rewetting

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