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Leucine Supplementation Increases Muscle Strength and Volume, Reduces Inflammation, and Affects Wellbeing in Adults and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy

Nicola Theis, Meghan A Brown, Paula Wood, Mark Waldron Orcid Logo

The Journal of Nutrition, Volume: 151, Issue: 1, Pages: 59 - 64

Swansea University Author: Mark Waldron Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1093/jn/nxaa006

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BackgroundSpastic cerebral palsy (CP) is characterized by muscle weakness owing, in part, to a blunted muscle protein synthetic response. This might be normalized by long-term leucine supplementation.ObjectivesThe study assessed the effects of 10 wk leucine supplementation in adolescents and adults...

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Published in: The Journal of Nutrition
ISSN: 0022-3166 1541-6100
Published: Elsevier BV 2021
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa53567
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spelling 2023-01-23T11:34:11.2242081 v2 53567 2020-02-18 Leucine Supplementation Increases Muscle Strength and Volume, Reduces Inflammation, and Affects Wellbeing in Adults and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa 0000-0002-2720-4615 Mark Waldron Mark Waldron true false 2020-02-18 STSC BackgroundSpastic cerebral palsy (CP) is characterized by muscle weakness owing, in part, to a blunted muscle protein synthetic response. This might be normalized by long-term leucine supplementation.ObjectivesThe study assessed the effects of 10 wk leucine supplementation in adolescents and adults with CP.MethodsThe study was a single-center randomized controlled trial. Twenty-four participants were randomly assigned to a control group (n = 12) or a leucine group (n = 12). L-Leucine (192 mg/kg body mass) was dissolved in water and administered daily for 10 wk. The primary outcome measures of elbow flexor muscle strength and muscle volume (measured by 3D ultrasound technique) and inflammation [C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration] were assessed before and after the 10 wk, alongside the secondary outcomes of body composition (measured by CP-specific skinfold assessment), metabolic rate (measured by indirect calorimetry), and wellbeing (measured by a self-reported daily questionnaire). Data were compared via a series of 2-factor mixed ANOVAs.ResultsTwenty-one participants completed the intervention (control group: n = 11, mean ± SD age: 18.3 ± 2.8 y, body mass: 48.8 ± 11.9 kg, 45% male; leucine group: n = 10, age: 18.6 ± 1.7 y, body mass: 58.3 ± 20.2 kg, 70% male). After 10 wk, there was a 25.4% increase in strength (P = 0.019) and a 3.6% increase in muscle volume (P = 0.001) in the leucine group, with no changes in the control group. This was accompanied by a 59.1% reduction in CRP (P = 0.045) and improved perceptions of wellbeing (P = 0.006) in the leucine group. No changes in metabolism or body composition were observed in either group (P > 0.05).ConclusionsImprovements in muscle strength and volume with leucine supplementation might provide important functional changes for adults and adolescents with CP and could be partly explained by reduced inflammation. The improved wellbeing highlights its capacity to improve the quality of daily living. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03668548. Journal Article The Journal of Nutrition 151 1 59 64 Elsevier BV 0022-3166 1541-6100 muscle, cerebral palsy, leucine, inflammation, wellbeing 1 1 2021 2021-01-01 10.1093/jn/nxaa006 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa006 COLLEGE NANME Sport and Exercise Sciences COLLEGE CODE STSC Swansea University 2023-01-23T11:34:11.2242081 2020-02-18T10:14:22.0321569 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences Nicola Theis 1 Meghan A Brown 2 Paula Wood 3 Mark Waldron 0000-0002-2720-4615 4 53567__16637__8b3058e68c91473dbfe7d8a09f6daa1f.pdf theis2020.pdf 2020-02-19T15:50:15.5857123 Output 548157 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2021-01-21T00:00:00.0000000 true eng
title Leucine Supplementation Increases Muscle Strength and Volume, Reduces Inflammation, and Affects Wellbeing in Adults and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy
spellingShingle Leucine Supplementation Increases Muscle Strength and Volume, Reduces Inflammation, and Affects Wellbeing in Adults and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy
Mark Waldron
title_short Leucine Supplementation Increases Muscle Strength and Volume, Reduces Inflammation, and Affects Wellbeing in Adults and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy
title_full Leucine Supplementation Increases Muscle Strength and Volume, Reduces Inflammation, and Affects Wellbeing in Adults and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy
title_fullStr Leucine Supplementation Increases Muscle Strength and Volume, Reduces Inflammation, and Affects Wellbeing in Adults and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy
title_full_unstemmed Leucine Supplementation Increases Muscle Strength and Volume, Reduces Inflammation, and Affects Wellbeing in Adults and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy
title_sort Leucine Supplementation Increases Muscle Strength and Volume, Reduces Inflammation, and Affects Wellbeing in Adults and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy
author_id_str_mv 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa
author_id_fullname_str_mv 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa_***_Mark Waldron
author Mark Waldron
author2 Nicola Theis
Meghan A Brown
Paula Wood
Mark Waldron
format Journal article
container_title The Journal of Nutrition
container_volume 151
container_issue 1
container_start_page 59
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
issn 0022-3166
1541-6100
doi_str_mv 10.1093/jn/nxaa006
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa006
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description BackgroundSpastic cerebral palsy (CP) is characterized by muscle weakness owing, in part, to a blunted muscle protein synthetic response. This might be normalized by long-term leucine supplementation.ObjectivesThe study assessed the effects of 10 wk leucine supplementation in adolescents and adults with CP.MethodsThe study was a single-center randomized controlled trial. Twenty-four participants were randomly assigned to a control group (n = 12) or a leucine group (n = 12). L-Leucine (192 mg/kg body mass) was dissolved in water and administered daily for 10 wk. The primary outcome measures of elbow flexor muscle strength and muscle volume (measured by 3D ultrasound technique) and inflammation [C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration] were assessed before and after the 10 wk, alongside the secondary outcomes of body composition (measured by CP-specific skinfold assessment), metabolic rate (measured by indirect calorimetry), and wellbeing (measured by a self-reported daily questionnaire). Data were compared via a series of 2-factor mixed ANOVAs.ResultsTwenty-one participants completed the intervention (control group: n = 11, mean ± SD age: 18.3 ± 2.8 y, body mass: 48.8 ± 11.9 kg, 45% male; leucine group: n = 10, age: 18.6 ± 1.7 y, body mass: 58.3 ± 20.2 kg, 70% male). After 10 wk, there was a 25.4% increase in strength (P = 0.019) and a 3.6% increase in muscle volume (P = 0.001) in the leucine group, with no changes in the control group. This was accompanied by a 59.1% reduction in CRP (P = 0.045) and improved perceptions of wellbeing (P = 0.006) in the leucine group. No changes in metabolism or body composition were observed in either group (P > 0.05).ConclusionsImprovements in muscle strength and volume with leucine supplementation might provide important functional changes for adults and adolescents with CP and could be partly explained by reduced inflammation. The improved wellbeing highlights its capacity to improve the quality of daily living. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03668548.
published_date 2021-01-01T04:06:34Z
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