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Enhanced performance of direct contact membrane distillation via selected electrothermal heating of membrane surface

Farah Ejaz Ahmed, Boor Singh Lalia, Raed Hashaikeh, Nidal Hilal

Journal of Membrane Science, Volume: 610, Start page: 118224

Swansea University Author: Nidal Hilal

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118224

Abstract

Membrane distillation (MD) is a thermally driven separation process with great potential, but is currently limited by low energy efficiency. Heating of the entire circulating feed represents a major source of energy consumption in MD. Here, we present electrically conductive carbon nanostructure (CN...

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Published in: Journal of Membrane Science
ISSN: 0376-7388
Published: Elsevier BV 2020
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa54067
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first_indexed 2020-04-28T13:25:29Z
last_indexed 2020-07-07T13:17:07Z
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spelling 2020-07-07T12:47:27.0374696 v2 54067 2020-04-28 Enhanced performance of direct contact membrane distillation via selected electrothermal heating of membrane surface 3acba771241d878c8e35ff464aec0342 Nidal Hilal Nidal Hilal true false 2020-04-28 FGSEN Membrane distillation (MD) is a thermally driven separation process with great potential, but is currently limited by low energy efficiency. Heating of the entire circulating feed represents a major source of energy consumption in MD. Here, we present electrically conductive carbon nanostructure (CNS-) coated polypropylene (PP) membranes as a possible candidate to mitigate energy consumption through selected electrothermal heating of the membrane surface. A membrane for MD was coated with CNS using a tape casting technique. The resulting CNS-PP membrane is hydrophobic, and its smaller pore size and narrow pore size distribution resulted in a higher liquid entry pressure compared to the uncoated PP membrane. An increase in surface temperature was observed when a current was passed through the conductive CNS layer. The CNS layer on the PP membrane acts as an electrothermal heater when an AC potential is applied, and the rate of heating is proportional to the amplitude of applied AC potential. We applied electrothermal heating of these membranes to desalination by direct contact membrane distillation, in conjunction with heating of the circulating feed, and compared the performance with and without application of AC bias at three feed temperatures viz. 40, 50 and 60 °C. Applying a potential across the CNS layer increased permeate flux by 75, 76 and 61% at feed temperatures of 40, 50 and 60 °C respectively, while maintaining a salt rejection of >99%. This increase in flux is accompanied by a reduction in specific energy consumption of greater than 50% for all three feed temperatures. By combining electrothermal surface heating with MD, this study paves the way for smart, low-energy MD systems. Journal Article Journal of Membrane Science 610 118224 Elsevier BV 0376-7388 Membrane distillation, Desalination, Conductive membrane, Electrothermal heating 1 9 2020 2020-09-01 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118224 COLLEGE NANME Science and Engineering - Faculty COLLEGE CODE FGSEN Swansea University 2020-07-07T12:47:27.0374696 2020-04-28T10:03:37.7585444 Farah Ejaz Ahmed 1 Boor Singh Lalia 2 Raed Hashaikeh 3 Nidal Hilal 4 54067__17261__dda5ab63a5a640538587fc3f06bf8c14.pdf 54067.pdf 2020-05-15T16:54:01.4204706 Output 801364 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2021-05-23T00:00:00.0000000 Released under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License (CC-BY-NC-ND). true eng
title Enhanced performance of direct contact membrane distillation via selected electrothermal heating of membrane surface
spellingShingle Enhanced performance of direct contact membrane distillation via selected electrothermal heating of membrane surface
Nidal Hilal
title_short Enhanced performance of direct contact membrane distillation via selected electrothermal heating of membrane surface
title_full Enhanced performance of direct contact membrane distillation via selected electrothermal heating of membrane surface
title_fullStr Enhanced performance of direct contact membrane distillation via selected electrothermal heating of membrane surface
title_full_unstemmed Enhanced performance of direct contact membrane distillation via selected electrothermal heating of membrane surface
title_sort Enhanced performance of direct contact membrane distillation via selected electrothermal heating of membrane surface
author_id_str_mv 3acba771241d878c8e35ff464aec0342
author_id_fullname_str_mv 3acba771241d878c8e35ff464aec0342_***_Nidal Hilal
author Nidal Hilal
author2 Farah Ejaz Ahmed
Boor Singh Lalia
Raed Hashaikeh
Nidal Hilal
format Journal article
container_title Journal of Membrane Science
container_volume 610
container_start_page 118224
publishDate 2020
institution Swansea University
issn 0376-7388
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118224
publisher Elsevier BV
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Membrane distillation (MD) is a thermally driven separation process with great potential, but is currently limited by low energy efficiency. Heating of the entire circulating feed represents a major source of energy consumption in MD. Here, we present electrically conductive carbon nanostructure (CNS-) coated polypropylene (PP) membranes as a possible candidate to mitigate energy consumption through selected electrothermal heating of the membrane surface. A membrane for MD was coated with CNS using a tape casting technique. The resulting CNS-PP membrane is hydrophobic, and its smaller pore size and narrow pore size distribution resulted in a higher liquid entry pressure compared to the uncoated PP membrane. An increase in surface temperature was observed when a current was passed through the conductive CNS layer. The CNS layer on the PP membrane acts as an electrothermal heater when an AC potential is applied, and the rate of heating is proportional to the amplitude of applied AC potential. We applied electrothermal heating of these membranes to desalination by direct contact membrane distillation, in conjunction with heating of the circulating feed, and compared the performance with and without application of AC bias at three feed temperatures viz. 40, 50 and 60 °C. Applying a potential across the CNS layer increased permeate flux by 75, 76 and 61% at feed temperatures of 40, 50 and 60 °C respectively, while maintaining a salt rejection of >99%. This increase in flux is accompanied by a reduction in specific energy consumption of greater than 50% for all three feed temperatures. By combining electrothermal surface heating with MD, this study paves the way for smart, low-energy MD systems.
published_date 2020-09-01T04:07:22Z
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score 10.998753

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