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Influence of the Surface Modification of Calcium Carbonate on Polyamide 12 Composites
Polymers, Volume: 12, Issue: 6, Start page: 1295
Swansea University Author:
Tim Claypole
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DOI (Published version): 10.3390/polym12061295
Abstract
In previous investigations, it was found that the thermal properties of a polyamide 12 compound can be manipulated, using a designed filler, to improve the melting as well as crystallization behavior, determined for selective laser sintering. A common downside of the introduction of a non-flexing mi...
Published in: | Polymers |
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ISSN: | 2073-4360 |
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MDPI AG
2020
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2020-10-16T14:53:43.5471893 v2 54392 2020-06-05 Influence of the Surface Modification of Calcium Carbonate on Polyamide 12 Composites 7735385522f1e68a8775b4f709e91d55 0000-0003-1393-9634 Tim Claypole Tim Claypole true false 2020-06-05 MECH In previous investigations, it was found that the thermal properties of a polyamide 12 compound can be manipulated, using a designed filler, to improve the melting as well as crystallization behavior, determined for selective laser sintering. A common downside of the introduction of a non-flexing mineral filler is the reduction of the mechanical properties, such as ductility. This paper investigates the influence of content and surface modification of limestone on the mechanical properties. The aim is to understand the effect of an optimized coupling agent on the properties of a compound, containing polyamide 12 filled with 10 wt % of surface modified calcium carbonate. A range of four mineral filler modifications was chosen to investigate their coupling effect, namely 6-amino hexanoic acid, ε-caprolactam, l-arginine or glutamic acid. The in advance surface modified fillers were then each used in combination with the polyamide 12 in a twin-screw extrusion process. With an optimized surface modifying agent, the tensile strength as well as elongation at break can be improved in comparison with uncoated filler implementation, such that up to 60% of the loss of ductility and toughness of a final part when using an untreated filler could be regained using an optimized surface modifier at a correct amount. With the tested filler grade and the specific tested filler amount, the optimized amount of 6-amino hexanoic acid was approx. 2.5 mmol of treatment agent per 100 m2 of CaCO3. These found improvements in a twin-screw extruded polyamide 12 compound show the possible usage of modified calcium carbonate as a functional filler in additive manufacturing and can potentially be transferred in a subsequent investigation in the selective laser sintering process. Journal Article Polymers 12 6 1295 MDPI AG 2073-4360 composite; limestone; calcium carbonate; polyamide 12; mechanical properties 5 6 2020 2020-06-05 10.3390/polym12061295 COLLEGE NANME Mechanical Engineering COLLEGE CODE MECH Swansea University 2020-10-16T14:53:43.5471893 2020-06-05T11:11:43.0490600 Professional Services ISS - Uncategorised Fabio Ippolito 1 Gunter Hübner 2 Tim Claypole 3 Patrick Gane 4 Tim Claypole 0000-0003-1393-9634 5 54392__17431__38738541be104e7894626f81d48c684d.pdf 54392.pdf 2020-06-05T11:15:53.2875355 Output 1738377 application/pdf Version of Record true This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited true http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
title |
Influence of the Surface Modification of Calcium Carbonate on Polyamide 12 Composites |
spellingShingle |
Influence of the Surface Modification of Calcium Carbonate on Polyamide 12 Composites Tim Claypole |
title_short |
Influence of the Surface Modification of Calcium Carbonate on Polyamide 12 Composites |
title_full |
Influence of the Surface Modification of Calcium Carbonate on Polyamide 12 Composites |
title_fullStr |
Influence of the Surface Modification of Calcium Carbonate on Polyamide 12 Composites |
title_full_unstemmed |
Influence of the Surface Modification of Calcium Carbonate on Polyamide 12 Composites |
title_sort |
Influence of the Surface Modification of Calcium Carbonate on Polyamide 12 Composites |
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7735385522f1e68a8775b4f709e91d55 |
author_id_fullname_str_mv |
7735385522f1e68a8775b4f709e91d55_***_Tim Claypole |
author |
Tim Claypole |
author2 |
Fabio Ippolito Gunter Hübner Tim Claypole Patrick Gane Tim Claypole |
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Polymers |
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2020 |
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Swansea University |
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2073-4360 |
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10.3390/polym12061295 |
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MDPI AG |
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Professional Services |
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In previous investigations, it was found that the thermal properties of a polyamide 12 compound can be manipulated, using a designed filler, to improve the melting as well as crystallization behavior, determined for selective laser sintering. A common downside of the introduction of a non-flexing mineral filler is the reduction of the mechanical properties, such as ductility. This paper investigates the influence of content and surface modification of limestone on the mechanical properties. The aim is to understand the effect of an optimized coupling agent on the properties of a compound, containing polyamide 12 filled with 10 wt % of surface modified calcium carbonate. A range of four mineral filler modifications was chosen to investigate their coupling effect, namely 6-amino hexanoic acid, ε-caprolactam, l-arginine or glutamic acid. The in advance surface modified fillers were then each used in combination with the polyamide 12 in a twin-screw extrusion process. With an optimized surface modifying agent, the tensile strength as well as elongation at break can be improved in comparison with uncoated filler implementation, such that up to 60% of the loss of ductility and toughness of a final part when using an untreated filler could be regained using an optimized surface modifier at a correct amount. With the tested filler grade and the specific tested filler amount, the optimized amount of 6-amino hexanoic acid was approx. 2.5 mmol of treatment agent per 100 m2 of CaCO3. These found improvements in a twin-screw extruded polyamide 12 compound show the possible usage of modified calcium carbonate as a functional filler in additive manufacturing and can potentially be transferred in a subsequent investigation in the selective laser sintering process. |
published_date |
2020-06-05T04:07:54Z |
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1763753564046360576 |
score |
11.021648 |