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Omission of a carbohydrate-rich breakfast impairs evening endurance exercise performance despite complete dietary compensation at lunch

Richard Metcalfe Orcid Logo, Matthew Thomas, Christopher Lamb, Enhad A. Chowdhury

European Journal of Sport Science, Volume: 21, Issue: 7, Pages: 1013 - 1021

Swansea University Authors: Richard Metcalfe Orcid Logo, Matthew Thomas

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DOI (Published version): 10.1080/17461391.2020.1797890

Abstract

Omission of a carbohydrate-rich breakfast followed by consuming an ad libitum lunch impairs evening exercise performance. However, it is unclear if this is due to breakfast omission per se, or secondary to lower carbohydrate intake over the day. To test whether impaired evening performance following...

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Published in: European Journal of Sport Science
ISSN: 1746-1391 1536-7290
Published: Informa UK Limited 2021
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa54853
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spelling 2021-07-16T17:35:46.4064344 v2 54853 2020-08-03 Omission of a carbohydrate-rich breakfast impairs evening endurance exercise performance despite complete dietary compensation at lunch 9bb783273dd9d54a2f3f66f75c43abdf 0000-0003-0980-2977 Richard Metcalfe Richard Metcalfe true false b9514ab31b282c2d1bf584759e7d329b Matthew Thomas Matthew Thomas true false 2020-08-03 STSC Omission of a carbohydrate-rich breakfast followed by consuming an ad libitum lunch impairs evening exercise performance. However, it is unclear if this is due to breakfast omission per se, or secondary to lower carbohydrate intake over the day. To test whether impaired evening performance following breakfast omission persists when complete dietary compensation occurs at lunch, in a randomised cross-over design, eleven highly trained cyclists (age: 25 ± 7 y, VO2max: 61 ± 5 ml·kg-1·min-1) completed two trials: breakfast (B) and no breakfast (NB). During B, participants consumed an individualised breakfast (583±54 kcal; 8-9am) and lunch (874±80 kcal; 12-2pm), whilst during NB participants fasted until 12pm and then consumed a standardised lunch (1457±134 kcal: 12-2pm). The overall energy (1457±134 kcal) and macronutrient profile (carbohydrate: 81.5±0.4%, fat: 5.8±0.1%, protein: 12.7±0.3%) was identical in both trials, with timing the only difference. Mean power output during a 20 km time trial performed in the evening was ∼3% lower in NB compared to B (mean difference [95% CI]: -9.1 [-15.3, -2.9] watts, p<0.01 for condition main effect). No differences in heart rate, blood glucose or blood lactate concentrations were apparent, but perception of effort appeared to be higher in the early stages of the time trial in NB compared to B despite lower power output. Impaired high-intensity endurance performance in the evening following breakfast omission is related to meal timing rather than carbohydrate intake / availability. Provision of an early morning high-carbohydrate meal should be considered to optimise evening exercise performance. Journal Article European Journal of Sport Science 21 7 1013 1021 Informa UK Limited 1746-1391 1536-7290 Nutrition, Exercise, Performance, Physiology 3 7 2021 2021-07-03 10.1080/17461391.2020.1797890 COLLEGE NANME Sport and Exercise Sciences COLLEGE CODE STSC Swansea University 2021-07-16T17:35:46.4064344 2020-08-03T13:21:57.1483264 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences Richard Metcalfe 0000-0003-0980-2977 1 Matthew Thomas 2 Christopher Lamb 3 Enhad A. Chowdhury 4 54853__17830__e6c2f2fadd9a44ee8f47982471d8d6a4.pdf 54853.pdf 2020-08-03T13:24:09.4392169 Output 624424 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2021-07-16T00:00:00.0000000 true English
title Omission of a carbohydrate-rich breakfast impairs evening endurance exercise performance despite complete dietary compensation at lunch
spellingShingle Omission of a carbohydrate-rich breakfast impairs evening endurance exercise performance despite complete dietary compensation at lunch
Richard Metcalfe
Matthew Thomas
title_short Omission of a carbohydrate-rich breakfast impairs evening endurance exercise performance despite complete dietary compensation at lunch
title_full Omission of a carbohydrate-rich breakfast impairs evening endurance exercise performance despite complete dietary compensation at lunch
title_fullStr Omission of a carbohydrate-rich breakfast impairs evening endurance exercise performance despite complete dietary compensation at lunch
title_full_unstemmed Omission of a carbohydrate-rich breakfast impairs evening endurance exercise performance despite complete dietary compensation at lunch
title_sort Omission of a carbohydrate-rich breakfast impairs evening endurance exercise performance despite complete dietary compensation at lunch
author_id_str_mv 9bb783273dd9d54a2f3f66f75c43abdf
b9514ab31b282c2d1bf584759e7d329b
author_id_fullname_str_mv 9bb783273dd9d54a2f3f66f75c43abdf_***_Richard Metcalfe
b9514ab31b282c2d1bf584759e7d329b_***_Matthew Thomas
author Richard Metcalfe
Matthew Thomas
author2 Richard Metcalfe
Matthew Thomas
Christopher Lamb
Enhad A. Chowdhury
format Journal article
container_title European Journal of Sport Science
container_volume 21
container_issue 7
container_start_page 1013
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
issn 1746-1391
1536-7290
doi_str_mv 10.1080/17461391.2020.1797890
publisher Informa UK Limited
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences
document_store_str 1
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description Omission of a carbohydrate-rich breakfast followed by consuming an ad libitum lunch impairs evening exercise performance. However, it is unclear if this is due to breakfast omission per se, or secondary to lower carbohydrate intake over the day. To test whether impaired evening performance following breakfast omission persists when complete dietary compensation occurs at lunch, in a randomised cross-over design, eleven highly trained cyclists (age: 25 ± 7 y, VO2max: 61 ± 5 ml·kg-1·min-1) completed two trials: breakfast (B) and no breakfast (NB). During B, participants consumed an individualised breakfast (583±54 kcal; 8-9am) and lunch (874±80 kcal; 12-2pm), whilst during NB participants fasted until 12pm and then consumed a standardised lunch (1457±134 kcal: 12-2pm). The overall energy (1457±134 kcal) and macronutrient profile (carbohydrate: 81.5±0.4%, fat: 5.8±0.1%, protein: 12.7±0.3%) was identical in both trials, with timing the only difference. Mean power output during a 20 km time trial performed in the evening was ∼3% lower in NB compared to B (mean difference [95% CI]: -9.1 [-15.3, -2.9] watts, p<0.01 for condition main effect). No differences in heart rate, blood glucose or blood lactate concentrations were apparent, but perception of effort appeared to be higher in the early stages of the time trial in NB compared to B despite lower power output. Impaired high-intensity endurance performance in the evening following breakfast omission is related to meal timing rather than carbohydrate intake / availability. Provision of an early morning high-carbohydrate meal should be considered to optimise evening exercise performance.
published_date 2021-07-03T04:08:39Z
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