Journal article 489 views
Sensitisation behaviour of grain boundary engineered austenitic stainless steel
Materials Science and Engineering: A, Volume: 527, Issue: 16-17, Pages: 4275 - 4280
Swansea University Author: Valerie Randle
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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.msea.2010.03.058
Abstract
Thermo-mechanical processes involving both single and multiple cycles of low level (5%) strain and annealing were applied to specimens of a type 304 austenitic stainless steel in order to encourage grain boundary engineering (GBE). As a result of the GBE processing the total length proportion of Σ3n...
Published in: | Materials Science and Engineering: A |
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ISSN: | 0921-5093 |
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2010
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URI: | https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa5525 |
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<?xml version="1.0"?><rfc1807><datestamp>2016-08-17T14:02:20.0124935</datestamp><bib-version>v2</bib-version><id>5525</id><entry>2013-09-03</entry><title>Sensitisation behaviour of grain boundary engineered austenitic stainless steel</title><swanseaauthors><author><sid>50774edc7f60dff63ee0cbd56be764b8</sid><firstname>Valerie</firstname><surname>Randle</surname><name>Valerie Randle</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author></swanseaauthors><date>2013-09-03</date><deptcode>FGSEN</deptcode><abstract>Thermo-mechanical processes involving both single and multiple cycles of low level (5%) strain and annealing were applied to specimens of a type 304 austenitic stainless steel in order to encourage grain boundary engineering (GBE). As a result of the GBE processing the total length proportion of Σ3n coincidence site lattice (CSL) boundaries was increased from 43% up to a maximum of 75% in conjunction with moderate grain growth. The increases in Σ3 and Σ9 boundaries resulted in significant decreases in the degree of sensitisation following exposure at 650 °C for up to 4 h and assessment through Double Loop-Electrochemical Potentiokinetic Reactivation (DL-EPR) tests. Over 97% of Σ3 boundaries were immune to sensitisation and approximately 80% of Σ9 boundaries were either immune or partially resistant to sensitisation, whereas all other CSL boundaries and general boundaries did not resist sensitisation. Therefore, only Σ3 and Σ9 boundaries were ‘special’. Deformation applied by cold rolling was more effective than tensile deformation in bringing about GBE. In summary, the results presented here show that increasing the fraction of Σ3 and Σ9 boundaries through GBE processing, accompanied by only moderate grain growth, provides an effective route to protection from sensitisation and intergranular corrosion.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Materials Science and Engineering: A</journal><volume>527</volume><journalNumber>16-17</journalNumber><paginationStart>4275</paginationStart><paginationEnd>4280</paginationEnd><publisher/><issnPrint>0921-5093</issnPrint><keywords>•Intergranular corrosion; •Grain boundary type; •Grain boundary engineering; •Sensitisation; •Austenitic stainless steel</keywords><publishedDay>31</publishedDay><publishedMonth>12</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2010</publishedYear><publishedDate>2010-12-31</publishedDate><doi>10.1016/j.msea.2010.03.058</doi><url/><notes>This work arose from a £88,493 grant awarded from Rolls Royce Marine for a project ‘Mitigation of intergranular degradation in austenitic stainless steels’. This paper, in a journal with a five-year IF 2.22 and having 11 citations, reports how intergranular corrosion (sensitization) is reduced by custom-designed grain boundary engineering (GBE). The data provided unequivocal support for GBE: after processing 97% of Σ3 boundaries were sensitization immune and 80% of Σ9 boundaries were immune or partially immune. These improvements were achieved using small strains and short annealing times, which is an attraction for future scale-up of this work for commercial purposes.</notes><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Science and Engineering - Faculty</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>FGSEN</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><lastEdited>2016-08-17T14:02:20.0124935</lastEdited><Created>2013-09-03T06:10:43.0000000</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Richard</firstname><surname>Jones</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Valerie</firstname><surname>Randle</surname><order>2</order></author></authors><documents/><OutputDurs/></rfc1807> |
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2016-08-17T14:02:20.0124935 v2 5525 2013-09-03 Sensitisation behaviour of grain boundary engineered austenitic stainless steel 50774edc7f60dff63ee0cbd56be764b8 Valerie Randle Valerie Randle true false 2013-09-03 FGSEN Thermo-mechanical processes involving both single and multiple cycles of low level (5%) strain and annealing were applied to specimens of a type 304 austenitic stainless steel in order to encourage grain boundary engineering (GBE). As a result of the GBE processing the total length proportion of Σ3n coincidence site lattice (CSL) boundaries was increased from 43% up to a maximum of 75% in conjunction with moderate grain growth. The increases in Σ3 and Σ9 boundaries resulted in significant decreases in the degree of sensitisation following exposure at 650 °C for up to 4 h and assessment through Double Loop-Electrochemical Potentiokinetic Reactivation (DL-EPR) tests. Over 97% of Σ3 boundaries were immune to sensitisation and approximately 80% of Σ9 boundaries were either immune or partially resistant to sensitisation, whereas all other CSL boundaries and general boundaries did not resist sensitisation. Therefore, only Σ3 and Σ9 boundaries were ‘special’. Deformation applied by cold rolling was more effective than tensile deformation in bringing about GBE. In summary, the results presented here show that increasing the fraction of Σ3 and Σ9 boundaries through GBE processing, accompanied by only moderate grain growth, provides an effective route to protection from sensitisation and intergranular corrosion. Journal Article Materials Science and Engineering: A 527 16-17 4275 4280 0921-5093 •Intergranular corrosion; •Grain boundary type; •Grain boundary engineering; •Sensitisation; •Austenitic stainless steel 31 12 2010 2010-12-31 10.1016/j.msea.2010.03.058 This work arose from a £88,493 grant awarded from Rolls Royce Marine for a project ‘Mitigation of intergranular degradation in austenitic stainless steels’. This paper, in a journal with a five-year IF 2.22 and having 11 citations, reports how intergranular corrosion (sensitization) is reduced by custom-designed grain boundary engineering (GBE). The data provided unequivocal support for GBE: after processing 97% of Σ3 boundaries were sensitization immune and 80% of Σ9 boundaries were immune or partially immune. These improvements were achieved using small strains and short annealing times, which is an attraction for future scale-up of this work for commercial purposes. COLLEGE NANME Science and Engineering - Faculty COLLEGE CODE FGSEN Swansea University 2016-08-17T14:02:20.0124935 2013-09-03T06:10:43.0000000 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised Richard Jones 1 Valerie Randle 2 |
title |
Sensitisation behaviour of grain boundary engineered austenitic stainless steel |
spellingShingle |
Sensitisation behaviour of grain boundary engineered austenitic stainless steel Valerie Randle |
title_short |
Sensitisation behaviour of grain boundary engineered austenitic stainless steel |
title_full |
Sensitisation behaviour of grain boundary engineered austenitic stainless steel |
title_fullStr |
Sensitisation behaviour of grain boundary engineered austenitic stainless steel |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sensitisation behaviour of grain boundary engineered austenitic stainless steel |
title_sort |
Sensitisation behaviour of grain boundary engineered austenitic stainless steel |
author_id_str_mv |
50774edc7f60dff63ee0cbd56be764b8 |
author_id_fullname_str_mv |
50774edc7f60dff63ee0cbd56be764b8_***_Valerie Randle |
author |
Valerie Randle |
author2 |
Richard Jones Valerie Randle |
format |
Journal article |
container_title |
Materials Science and Engineering: A |
container_volume |
527 |
container_issue |
16-17 |
container_start_page |
4275 |
publishDate |
2010 |
institution |
Swansea University |
issn |
0921-5093 |
doi_str_mv |
10.1016/j.msea.2010.03.058 |
college_str |
Faculty of Science and Engineering |
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|
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facultyofscienceandengineering |
hierarchy_top_title |
Faculty of Science and Engineering |
hierarchy_parent_id |
facultyofscienceandengineering |
hierarchy_parent_title |
Faculty of Science and Engineering |
department_str |
School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised |
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0 |
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description |
Thermo-mechanical processes involving both single and multiple cycles of low level (5%) strain and annealing were applied to specimens of a type 304 austenitic stainless steel in order to encourage grain boundary engineering (GBE). As a result of the GBE processing the total length proportion of Σ3n coincidence site lattice (CSL) boundaries was increased from 43% up to a maximum of 75% in conjunction with moderate grain growth. The increases in Σ3 and Σ9 boundaries resulted in significant decreases in the degree of sensitisation following exposure at 650 °C for up to 4 h and assessment through Double Loop-Electrochemical Potentiokinetic Reactivation (DL-EPR) tests. Over 97% of Σ3 boundaries were immune to sensitisation and approximately 80% of Σ9 boundaries were either immune or partially resistant to sensitisation, whereas all other CSL boundaries and general boundaries did not resist sensitisation. Therefore, only Σ3 and Σ9 boundaries were ‘special’. Deformation applied by cold rolling was more effective than tensile deformation in bringing about GBE. In summary, the results presented here show that increasing the fraction of Σ3 and Σ9 boundaries through GBE processing, accompanied by only moderate grain growth, provides an effective route to protection from sensitisation and intergranular corrosion. |
published_date |
2010-12-31T03:06:38Z |
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1763749709444284416 |
score |
11.030693 |