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TRIP assisted press hardened steel by the anisothermal bainitic ferrite transformation
Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Volume: 289, Start page: 116950
Swansea University Author:
David Penney
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© 2020. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license
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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116950
Abstract
A new steel chemical composition is combined with a new press hardening process, in which die-quenching is interrupted by opening the forming tool to permit slow cooling of the hot formed part through the anisothermal bainitic ferrite transformation. This promotes carbon partitioning to austenite be...
Published in: | Journal of Materials Processing Technology |
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ISSN: | 0924-0136 |
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Elsevier BV
2021
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The final microstructure is predominantly bainitic ferrite with dispersions of martensite and up to 11 % retained austenite. Retained austenite can undergo stress induced transformation to martensite in an automobile crash event. The steel exhibits up to 25 % elongation and 930 MPa tensile strength. In contrast to traditional cold formable Transformation Induced Plasticity assisted steels, where retained austenite is consumed during work hardening of cold forming, here, the desired microstructure is achieved after hot forming meaning the retained austenite is more uniformly distributed within the formed part, which enhances energy absorption. The new steel chemical composition is carefully designed to provide optimal microstructural evolution within the constraints of the new press hardening process, yet relatively lean and manufacturer friendly. The new press hardening process is energy efficient as secondary heating is not required since retarded cooling through the bainitic ferrite transformation is provided by residual heat accumulation of the newly developed titanium alloy forming tool. Development of the new technology is demonstrated by press hardening experiments, tensile testing, microstructural analysis, transversal & axial crush testing of formed parts and numerical simulation of crush testing, including a new modelling technique that more accurately simulates deformation of hot versus cold formed parts. Results show a 22 % increase to energy absorption under axial crushing compared to traditional cold formed Transformation Induced Plasticity assisted steels owing to greater work hardening capacity in formed radii of the part, which are shown to be exposed to the highest stresses during crushing.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Journal of Materials Processing Technology</journal><volume>289</volume><journalNumber/><paginationStart>116950</paginationStart><paginationEnd/><publisher>Elsevier BV</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>0924-0136</issnPrint><issnElectronic/><keywords>Retained austenite, Stress induced transformation, Electron back scattered diffraction, Hot stamping, Crush testing, Numerical simulation</keywords><publishedDay>1</publishedDay><publishedMonth>3</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2021</publishedYear><publishedDate>2021-03-01</publishedDate><doi>10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116950</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Materials Science and Engineering</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>MTLS</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><funders>Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS).</funders><projectreference/><lastEdited>2022-08-15T15:11:41.1498060</lastEdited><Created>2020-11-05T13:20:08.9469047</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering</level></path><authors><author><firstname>T.</firstname><surname>Taylor</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>K.</firstname><surname>Kim</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>J.</firstname><surname>Zhang</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>David</firstname><surname>Penney</surname><orcid>0000-0002-8942-8067</orcid><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>J.</firstname><surname>Yanagimoto</surname><order>5</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>55601__18615__998d723978fe4c3d9291506a7f9ae1ab.pdf</filename><originalFilename>55601.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2020-11-09T12:26:17.5041764</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>4408224</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Accepted Manuscript</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><embargoDate>2022-10-22T00:00:00.0000000</embargoDate><documentNotes>© 2020. 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2022-08-15T15:11:41.1498060 v2 55601 2020-11-05 TRIP assisted press hardened steel by the anisothermal bainitic ferrite transformation 869becc35438853f2bca0044df467631 0000-0002-8942-8067 David Penney David Penney true false 2020-11-05 MTLS A new steel chemical composition is combined with a new press hardening process, in which die-quenching is interrupted by opening the forming tool to permit slow cooling of the hot formed part through the anisothermal bainitic ferrite transformation. This promotes carbon partitioning to austenite before the forming tool is re-closed and die-quenching is resumed to near-ambient temperature. The final microstructure is predominantly bainitic ferrite with dispersions of martensite and up to 11 % retained austenite. Retained austenite can undergo stress induced transformation to martensite in an automobile crash event. The steel exhibits up to 25 % elongation and 930 MPa tensile strength. In contrast to traditional cold formable Transformation Induced Plasticity assisted steels, where retained austenite is consumed during work hardening of cold forming, here, the desired microstructure is achieved after hot forming meaning the retained austenite is more uniformly distributed within the formed part, which enhances energy absorption. The new steel chemical composition is carefully designed to provide optimal microstructural evolution within the constraints of the new press hardening process, yet relatively lean and manufacturer friendly. The new press hardening process is energy efficient as secondary heating is not required since retarded cooling through the bainitic ferrite transformation is provided by residual heat accumulation of the newly developed titanium alloy forming tool. Development of the new technology is demonstrated by press hardening experiments, tensile testing, microstructural analysis, transversal & axial crush testing of formed parts and numerical simulation of crush testing, including a new modelling technique that more accurately simulates deformation of hot versus cold formed parts. Results show a 22 % increase to energy absorption under axial crushing compared to traditional cold formed Transformation Induced Plasticity assisted steels owing to greater work hardening capacity in formed radii of the part, which are shown to be exposed to the highest stresses during crushing. Journal Article Journal of Materials Processing Technology 289 116950 Elsevier BV 0924-0136 Retained austenite, Stress induced transformation, Electron back scattered diffraction, Hot stamping, Crush testing, Numerical simulation 1 3 2021 2021-03-01 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116950 COLLEGE NANME Materials Science and Engineering COLLEGE CODE MTLS Swansea University Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). 2022-08-15T15:11:41.1498060 2020-11-05T13:20:08.9469047 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering T. Taylor 1 K. Kim 2 J. Zhang 3 David Penney 0000-0002-8942-8067 4 J. Yanagimoto 5 55601__18615__998d723978fe4c3d9291506a7f9ae1ab.pdf 55601.pdf 2020-11-09T12:26:17.5041764 Output 4408224 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2022-10-22T00:00:00.0000000 © 2020. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
title |
TRIP assisted press hardened steel by the anisothermal bainitic ferrite transformation |
spellingShingle |
TRIP assisted press hardened steel by the anisothermal bainitic ferrite transformation David Penney |
title_short |
TRIP assisted press hardened steel by the anisothermal bainitic ferrite transformation |
title_full |
TRIP assisted press hardened steel by the anisothermal bainitic ferrite transformation |
title_fullStr |
TRIP assisted press hardened steel by the anisothermal bainitic ferrite transformation |
title_full_unstemmed |
TRIP assisted press hardened steel by the anisothermal bainitic ferrite transformation |
title_sort |
TRIP assisted press hardened steel by the anisothermal bainitic ferrite transformation |
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869becc35438853f2bca0044df467631 |
author_id_fullname_str_mv |
869becc35438853f2bca0044df467631_***_David Penney |
author |
David Penney |
author2 |
T. Taylor K. Kim J. Zhang David Penney J. Yanagimoto |
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Journal article |
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Journal of Materials Processing Technology |
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289 |
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116950 |
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2021 |
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Swansea University |
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116950 |
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Elsevier BV |
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description |
A new steel chemical composition is combined with a new press hardening process, in which die-quenching is interrupted by opening the forming tool to permit slow cooling of the hot formed part through the anisothermal bainitic ferrite transformation. This promotes carbon partitioning to austenite before the forming tool is re-closed and die-quenching is resumed to near-ambient temperature. The final microstructure is predominantly bainitic ferrite with dispersions of martensite and up to 11 % retained austenite. Retained austenite can undergo stress induced transformation to martensite in an automobile crash event. The steel exhibits up to 25 % elongation and 930 MPa tensile strength. In contrast to traditional cold formable Transformation Induced Plasticity assisted steels, where retained austenite is consumed during work hardening of cold forming, here, the desired microstructure is achieved after hot forming meaning the retained austenite is more uniformly distributed within the formed part, which enhances energy absorption. The new steel chemical composition is carefully designed to provide optimal microstructural evolution within the constraints of the new press hardening process, yet relatively lean and manufacturer friendly. The new press hardening process is energy efficient as secondary heating is not required since retarded cooling through the bainitic ferrite transformation is provided by residual heat accumulation of the newly developed titanium alloy forming tool. Development of the new technology is demonstrated by press hardening experiments, tensile testing, microstructural analysis, transversal & axial crush testing of formed parts and numerical simulation of crush testing, including a new modelling technique that more accurately simulates deformation of hot versus cold formed parts. Results show a 22 % increase to energy absorption under axial crushing compared to traditional cold formed Transformation Induced Plasticity assisted steels owing to greater work hardening capacity in formed radii of the part, which are shown to be exposed to the highest stresses during crushing. |
published_date |
2021-03-01T04:09:56Z |
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1763753691796471808 |
score |
11.021648 |