Harmonic mitigation project, Work Package 1a: Literature review

Habash, Atheer; Todeschini, Grazia

doi:https://doi.org/

Technical Report 624 views

Harmonic mitigation project, Work Package 1a: Literature review

Atheer Habash, Grazia Todeschini

Swansea University Authors: Atheer Habash, Grazia Todeschini

Abstract

This literature review addresses how distribution network connected inverters associated with renewable energy sources may provide harmonic compensation as an additional, or “ancillary service”. In other words, how inverters may be used as Active Filters while simultaneously delivering fundamental p...

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Published:	Report produced as part of the project 'Harmonic mitigation' carried out with Western Power Distribution. 2020
URI:	https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa55773
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first_indexed	2020-11-27T09:07:55Z
last_indexed	2021-01-15T04:21:14Z
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fullrecord	<?xml version="1.0"?><rfc1807><datestamp>2021-01-14T15:50:13.0238029</datestamp><bib-version>v2</bib-version><id>55773</id><entry>2020-11-27</entry><title>Harmonic mitigation project, Work Package 1a: Literature review</title><swanseaauthors><author><sid>d9d4cb61c6b19b063a4bb0ad065312ce</sid><firstname>Atheer</firstname><surname>Habash</surname><name>Atheer Habash</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author><author><sid>c4ff9050b31bdec0e560b19bfb3b56d3</sid><firstname>Grazia</firstname><surname>Todeschini</surname><name>Grazia Todeschini</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author></swanseaauthors><date>2020-11-27</date><deptcode>EEEG</deptcode><abstract>This literature review addresses how distribution network connected inverters associated with renewable energy sources may provide harmonic compensation as an additional, or “ancillary service”. In other words, how inverters may be used as Active Filters while simultaneously delivering fundamental power.Current harmonics are caused by nonlinear devices connected to the power grid as they draw or inject non-sinusoidal currents when supplied with a sinusoidal voltage. These current harmonics interact with the power grid’s impedance to create voltage distortion that can adversely affect the distribution system’s equipment, and customer equipment that is connected to the system. Power quality standards have been developed for the UK system (currently G5/4-1, with G5/5 expected to be implemented during 2020) that define voltage distortion planning levels. Newly connected equipment is expected to be compliant.Mitigation of harmonics produced by connected non-linear equipment, loads or generation, can be achieved by installing either Passive Filters (combinations of inductive, capacitive and resistive components that sink the harmonic currents) or Active Filters (power converters controlled to inject current harmonics with opposing phase angles). Active Filters can either be standalone systems, or can be implemented as additional control algorithms placed within an existing power converter (the focus of this WPD innovation project).The main functional blocks required within an Active Filter controller are: harmonic current or voltage extraction to establish harmonic levels; a current loop controller to establish the required level of intervention; and gate signal generation to implement the required electrical intervention. This review details different implementations for each of these main functional blocks, together with advantages and disadvantages of each implementation.The review also identifies previous work that has investigated power converter controller implementations that deliver both fundamental power and harmonic mitigation. In these cases, active filtering is performed as an ‘ancillary service’. Three specific implementation examples are described in detail, together with simulation results. Each simulation shows the feasibility of mitigating harmonics and also illustrates: (i) the requirement to limit harmonic mitigation in coordination with fundamental power output, to operate the power converter within equipment ratings; and (ii) the ability of mitigating time-varying harmonics.Results from hardware implementations of Active Filter operation within multi-functional inverters are not very common in the literature, partly due to the novelty of this approach. However, two examples are presented that again show successful mitigation of harmonics (one with additional phase balancing functionality, and one for a hybrid wind–PV system). One further example is also presented where harmonic mitigation functionality was added to a STATCOM operating in south-west Scotland on a system that was experiencing voltage total harmonic distortion (THD) of up to 3.3%. With active filter functionality enabled, voltage THD was successfully reduced to around 1%.This literature review has provided a detailed summary of previous research and development that can beneficially be built upon in the work Swansea University are undertaking to develop an algorithm that can improve the network’s harmonic levels by controlling existing Distributed Generation inverters, acting individually or as a coordinated group.</abstract><type>Technical Report</type><journal/><volume/><journalNumber/><paginationStart/><paginationEnd/><publisher/><placeOfPublication>Report produced as part of the project 'Harmonic mitigation' carried out with Western Power Distribution.</placeOfPublication><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint/><issnElectronic/><keywords/><publishedDay>27</publishedDay><publishedMonth>1</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2020</publishedYear><publishedDate>2020-01-27</publishedDate><doi/><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Electronic and Electrical Engineering</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>EEEG</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><lastEdited>2021-01-14T15:50:13.0238029</lastEdited><Created>2020-11-27T09:05:35.6130385</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Atheer</firstname><surname>Habash</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Grazia</firstname><surname>Todeschini</surname><order>2</order></author></authors><documents/><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling	2021-01-14T15:50:13.0238029 v2 55773 2020-11-27 Harmonic mitigation project, Work Package 1a: Literature review d9d4cb61c6b19b063a4bb0ad065312ce Atheer Habash Atheer Habash true false c4ff9050b31bdec0e560b19bfb3b56d3 Grazia Todeschini Grazia Todeschini true false 2020-11-27 EEEG This literature review addresses how distribution network connected inverters associated with renewable energy sources may provide harmonic compensation as an additional, or “ancillary service”. In other words, how inverters may be used as Active Filters while simultaneously delivering fundamental power.Current harmonics are caused by nonlinear devices connected to the power grid as they draw or inject non-sinusoidal currents when supplied with a sinusoidal voltage. These current harmonics interact with the power grid’s impedance to create voltage distortion that can adversely affect the distribution system’s equipment, and customer equipment that is connected to the system. Power quality standards have been developed for the UK system (currently G5/4-1, with G5/5 expected to be implemented during 2020) that define voltage distortion planning levels. Newly connected equipment is expected to be compliant.Mitigation of harmonics produced by connected non-linear equipment, loads or generation, can be achieved by installing either Passive Filters (combinations of inductive, capacitive and resistive components that sink the harmonic currents) or Active Filters (power converters controlled to inject current harmonics with opposing phase angles). Active Filters can either be standalone systems, or can be implemented as additional control algorithms placed within an existing power converter (the focus of this WPD innovation project).The main functional blocks required within an Active Filter controller are: harmonic current or voltage extraction to establish harmonic levels; a current loop controller to establish the required level of intervention; and gate signal generation to implement the required electrical intervention. This review details different implementations for each of these main functional blocks, together with advantages and disadvantages of each implementation.The review also identifies previous work that has investigated power converter controller implementations that deliver both fundamental power and harmonic mitigation. In these cases, active filtering is performed as an ‘ancillary service’. Three specific implementation examples are described in detail, together with simulation results. Each simulation shows the feasibility of mitigating harmonics and also illustrates: (i) the requirement to limit harmonic mitigation in coordination with fundamental power output, to operate the power converter within equipment ratings; and (ii) the ability of mitigating time-varying harmonics.Results from hardware implementations of Active Filter operation within multi-functional inverters are not very common in the literature, partly due to the novelty of this approach. However, two examples are presented that again show successful mitigation of harmonics (one with additional phase balancing functionality, and one for a hybrid wind–PV system). One further example is also presented where harmonic mitigation functionality was added to a STATCOM operating in south-west Scotland on a system that was experiencing voltage total harmonic distortion (THD) of up to 3.3%. With active filter functionality enabled, voltage THD was successfully reduced to around 1%.This literature review has provided a detailed summary of previous research and development that can beneficially be built upon in the work Swansea University are undertaking to develop an algorithm that can improve the network’s harmonic levels by controlling existing Distributed Generation inverters, acting individually or as a coordinated group. Technical Report Report produced as part of the project 'Harmonic mitigation' carried out with Western Power Distribution. 27 1 2020 2020-01-27 COLLEGE NANME Electronic and Electrical Engineering COLLEGE CODE EEEG Swansea University 2021-01-14T15:50:13.0238029 2020-11-27T09:05:35.6130385 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised Atheer Habash 1 Grazia Todeschini 2
title	Harmonic mitigation project, Work Package 1a: Literature review
spellingShingle	Harmonic mitigation project, Work Package 1a: Literature review Atheer Habash Grazia Todeschini
title_short	Harmonic mitigation project, Work Package 1a: Literature review
title_full	Harmonic mitigation project, Work Package 1a: Literature review
title_fullStr	Harmonic mitigation project, Work Package 1a: Literature review
title_full_unstemmed	Harmonic mitigation project, Work Package 1a: Literature review
title_sort	Harmonic mitigation project, Work Package 1a: Literature review
author_id_str_mv	d9d4cb61c6b19b063a4bb0ad065312ce c4ff9050b31bdec0e560b19bfb3b56d3
author_id_fullname_str_mv	d9d4cb61c6b19b063a4bb0ad065312ce_*_Atheer Habash c4ff9050b31bdec0e560b19bfb3b56d3_*_Grazia Todeschini
author	Atheer Habash Grazia Todeschini
author2	Atheer Habash Grazia Todeschini
format	Technical Report
publishDate	2020
institution	Swansea University
college_str	Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id	facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title	Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id	facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title	Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str	School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised
document_store_str	0
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description	This literature review addresses how distribution network connected inverters associated with renewable energy sources may provide harmonic compensation as an additional, or “ancillary service”. In other words, how inverters may be used as Active Filters while simultaneously delivering fundamental power.Current harmonics are caused by nonlinear devices connected to the power grid as they draw or inject non-sinusoidal currents when supplied with a sinusoidal voltage. These current harmonics interact with the power grid’s impedance to create voltage distortion that can adversely affect the distribution system’s equipment, and customer equipment that is connected to the system. Power quality standards have been developed for the UK system (currently G5/4-1, with G5/5 expected to be implemented during 2020) that define voltage distortion planning levels. Newly connected equipment is expected to be compliant.Mitigation of harmonics produced by connected non-linear equipment, loads or generation, can be achieved by installing either Passive Filters (combinations of inductive, capacitive and resistive components that sink the harmonic currents) or Active Filters (power converters controlled to inject current harmonics with opposing phase angles). Active Filters can either be standalone systems, or can be implemented as additional control algorithms placed within an existing power converter (the focus of this WPD innovation project).The main functional blocks required within an Active Filter controller are: harmonic current or voltage extraction to establish harmonic levels; a current loop controller to establish the required level of intervention; and gate signal generation to implement the required electrical intervention. This review details different implementations for each of these main functional blocks, together with advantages and disadvantages of each implementation.The review also identifies previous work that has investigated power converter controller implementations that deliver both fundamental power and harmonic mitigation. In these cases, active filtering is performed as an ‘ancillary service’. Three specific implementation examples are described in detail, together with simulation results. Each simulation shows the feasibility of mitigating harmonics and also illustrates: (i) the requirement to limit harmonic mitigation in coordination with fundamental power output, to operate the power converter within equipment ratings; and (ii) the ability of mitigating time-varying harmonics.Results from hardware implementations of Active Filter operation within multi-functional inverters are not very common in the literature, partly due to the novelty of this approach. However, two examples are presented that again show successful mitigation of harmonics (one with additional phase balancing functionality, and one for a hybrid wind–PV system). One further example is also presented where harmonic mitigation functionality was added to a STATCOM operating in south-west Scotland on a system that was experiencing voltage total harmonic distortion (THD) of up to 3.3%. With active filter functionality enabled, voltage THD was successfully reduced to around 1%.This literature review has provided a detailed summary of previous research and development that can beneficially be built upon in the work Swansea University are undertaking to develop an algorithm that can improve the network’s harmonic levels by controlling existing Distributed Generation inverters, acting individually or as a coordinated group.
published_date	2020-01-27T04:10:14Z
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score	11.012813

Harmonic mitigation project, Work Package 1a: Literature review

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