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Melanin system composition analyzed by XPS depth profiling
Surfaces and Interfaces, Volume: 24, Start page: 101053
Swansea University Authors:
James McGettrick , Bernard Mostert
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©2021 All rights reserved. All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License (CC-BY-NC-ND)
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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.surfin.2021.101053
Abstract
The melanins are a class of natural pigments ubiquitous throughout the biosphere. These pigments are gaining significant attention as advanced materials due to their biocompatibility, optical and electrical properties. The most common form of melanin, eumelanin, has a well-known problem of insolubil...
Published in: | Surfaces and Interfaces |
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ISSN: | 2468-0230 |
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Elsevier BV
2021
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2021-03-22T14:32:07.1025759 v2 56371 2021-03-04 Melanin system composition analyzed by XPS depth profiling bdbacc591e2de05180e0fd3cc13fa480 0000-0002-7719-2958 James McGettrick James McGettrick true false a353503c976a7338c7708a32e82f451f 0000-0002-9590-2124 Bernard Mostert Bernard Mostert true false 2021-03-04 MTLS The melanins are a class of natural pigments ubiquitous throughout the biosphere. These pigments are gaining significant attention as advanced materials due to their biocompatibility, optical and electrical properties. The most common form of melanin, eumelanin, has a well-known problem of insolubility in most common solvents. The insolubility has made standard chemical analysis challenging, leading to researchers opting to use X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). However, standard XPS used on melanins and related materials have been limited to being a surface technique, and hence reported values to date may not reflect the bulk. In this work, we have investigated with XPS depth-profiling method the chemical information of the surface and the bulk of powder and thin-films eumelanin and several melanin derivatives. These latter derivatives are modified melanins designed to overcome the insolubility of the standard systems. Our result indicates that there are only few differences in the chemical composition of the melanin chemical structure between the surface and bulk, for either the powder of film samples. Our results show that a basic surface probe is sufficient to obtain an accurate elemental composition for basic melanin samples. As such, our analysis indicates that XPS characterization is an important characterization of polyindolequinone systems in general such as the melanins and polydopamines. Journal Article Surfaces and Interfaces 24 101053 Elsevier BV 2468-0230 X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Depth-profile XPS, Polyindolequinone, Eumelanin, Melanin derivatives, Polydopamine 1 6 2021 2021-06-01 10.1016/j.surfin.2021.101053 COLLEGE NANME Materials Science and Engineering COLLEGE CODE MTLS Swansea University 2021-03-22T14:32:07.1025759 2021-03-04T11:38:32.8223164 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemistry J.V. Paulin 1 James McGettrick 0000-0002-7719-2958 2 C.F.O. Graeff 3 Bernard Mostert 0000-0002-9590-2124 4 56371__19422__dce85da645ca48be9f5baf30fab20f11.pdf 56371.pdf 2021-03-04T11:41:16.8070876 Output 1465643 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2022-03-02T00:00:00.0000000 ©2021 All rights reserved. All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License (CC-BY-NC-ND) true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
title |
Melanin system composition analyzed by XPS depth profiling |
spellingShingle |
Melanin system composition analyzed by XPS depth profiling James McGettrick Bernard Mostert |
title_short |
Melanin system composition analyzed by XPS depth profiling |
title_full |
Melanin system composition analyzed by XPS depth profiling |
title_fullStr |
Melanin system composition analyzed by XPS depth profiling |
title_full_unstemmed |
Melanin system composition analyzed by XPS depth profiling |
title_sort |
Melanin system composition analyzed by XPS depth profiling |
author_id_str_mv |
bdbacc591e2de05180e0fd3cc13fa480 a353503c976a7338c7708a32e82f451f |
author_id_fullname_str_mv |
bdbacc591e2de05180e0fd3cc13fa480_***_James McGettrick a353503c976a7338c7708a32e82f451f_***_Bernard Mostert |
author |
James McGettrick Bernard Mostert |
author2 |
J.V. Paulin James McGettrick C.F.O. Graeff Bernard Mostert |
format |
Journal article |
container_title |
Surfaces and Interfaces |
container_volume |
24 |
container_start_page |
101053 |
publishDate |
2021 |
institution |
Swansea University |
issn |
2468-0230 |
doi_str_mv |
10.1016/j.surfin.2021.101053 |
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Elsevier BV |
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Faculty of Science and Engineering |
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School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemistry{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemistry |
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description |
The melanins are a class of natural pigments ubiquitous throughout the biosphere. These pigments are gaining significant attention as advanced materials due to their biocompatibility, optical and electrical properties. The most common form of melanin, eumelanin, has a well-known problem of insolubility in most common solvents. The insolubility has made standard chemical analysis challenging, leading to researchers opting to use X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). However, standard XPS used on melanins and related materials have been limited to being a surface technique, and hence reported values to date may not reflect the bulk. In this work, we have investigated with XPS depth-profiling method the chemical information of the surface and the bulk of powder and thin-films eumelanin and several melanin derivatives. These latter derivatives are modified melanins designed to overcome the insolubility of the standard systems. Our result indicates that there are only few differences in the chemical composition of the melanin chemical structure between the surface and bulk, for either the powder of film samples. Our results show that a basic surface probe is sufficient to obtain an accurate elemental composition for basic melanin samples. As such, our analysis indicates that XPS characterization is an important characterization of polyindolequinone systems in general such as the melanins and polydopamines. |
published_date |
2021-06-01T04:11:16Z |
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1763753776338960384 |
score |
11.021648 |