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On the initiation of blow-out from cooktop burner jets: A simplified energy-based description for the onset of laminar flame extinction in premixed hydrogen-enriched natural gas (HENG) systems

Daniel Jones, Charlie Dunnill Orcid Logo

Fuel, Volume: 294, Start page: 120527

Swansea University Authors: Daniel Jones, Charlie Dunnill Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.120527

Abstract

Due to the prohibitive financial expense and logistical difficulties of a wholesale changeover from natural gas to hydrogen, hydrogen-enriched natural gas (HENG) offers a more viable intermediate solution for offsetting the carbon dioxide output of domestic gas usage and reducing the blow-out suscep...

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Published in: Fuel
ISSN: 0016-2361
Published: Elsevier BV 2021
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa56399
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spelling 2021-03-23T15:04:16.3970544 v2 56399 2021-03-11 On the initiation of blow-out from cooktop burner jets: A simplified energy-based description for the onset of laminar flame extinction in premixed hydrogen-enriched natural gas (HENG) systems 88aaf2ee4c51d4405ef7f81e2e8f7bdb Daniel Jones Daniel Jones true false 0c4af8958eda0d2e914a5edc3210cd9e 0000-0003-4052-6931 Charlie Dunnill Charlie Dunnill true false 2021-03-11 MECH Due to the prohibitive financial expense and logistical difficulties of a wholesale changeover from natural gas to hydrogen, hydrogen-enriched natural gas (HENG) offers a more viable intermediate solution for offsetting the carbon dioxide output of domestic gas usage and reducing the blow-out susceptibility of natural gas flames. In order to formulate a practically useful description of the blow-out threshold, the present work addresses the minimum energy per unit volume of premixed gas required for the sustained combustion of HENG fuels with molar hydrogen concentrations between zero and 50 mol%. By considering a ring burner comprising circular burner jet apertures with diameters in the range 1.0–2.4 mm, this critical energy density was demonstrated to increase linearly with the mean velocity of the admitted gas premixture, approaching a value that was common to all of the investigated HENG compositions in the limit of zero flow. Furthermore, despite flame morphology varying substantially as a function of flow conditions, the visible surface area of critically stable flames consistently exhibited an empirical squared dependence on the power generated by combusting fuel. By combining these correlations, the onset of blow-out was shown to be well-approximated by a formula that relates the critical surface-averaged laminar burning velocity to the mean velocity of gas molecules at the burner jet. This model provides a simplified means of predicting blow-out conditions from measurable input parameters and could serve as an invaluable asset for the design of new HENG burner systems or the retrofitting of existing natural gas appliances. Journal Article Fuel 294 120527 Elsevier BV 0016-2361 Hydrogen-enrichment; Natural gas; Flame stability; Blow-out; Laminar burning velocity; Aperture diameter 15 6 2021 2021-06-15 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.120527 COLLEGE NANME Mechanical Engineering COLLEGE CODE MECH Swansea University 2021-03-23T15:04:16.3970544 2021-03-11T09:22:15.7691315 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Mechanical Engineering Daniel Jones 1 Charlie Dunnill 0000-0003-4052-6931 2 56399__19484__8ef2f064247a4fa89b44a729d72861f2.pdf 56399.pdf 2021-03-12T15:50:30.2479112 Output 1918499 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2022-03-08T00:00:00.0000000 ©2021 All rights reserved. All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License (CC-BY-NC-ND) true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
title On the initiation of blow-out from cooktop burner jets: A simplified energy-based description for the onset of laminar flame extinction in premixed hydrogen-enriched natural gas (HENG) systems
spellingShingle On the initiation of blow-out from cooktop burner jets: A simplified energy-based description for the onset of laminar flame extinction in premixed hydrogen-enriched natural gas (HENG) systems
Daniel Jones
Charlie Dunnill
title_short On the initiation of blow-out from cooktop burner jets: A simplified energy-based description for the onset of laminar flame extinction in premixed hydrogen-enriched natural gas (HENG) systems
title_full On the initiation of blow-out from cooktop burner jets: A simplified energy-based description for the onset of laminar flame extinction in premixed hydrogen-enriched natural gas (HENG) systems
title_fullStr On the initiation of blow-out from cooktop burner jets: A simplified energy-based description for the onset of laminar flame extinction in premixed hydrogen-enriched natural gas (HENG) systems
title_full_unstemmed On the initiation of blow-out from cooktop burner jets: A simplified energy-based description for the onset of laminar flame extinction in premixed hydrogen-enriched natural gas (HENG) systems
title_sort On the initiation of blow-out from cooktop burner jets: A simplified energy-based description for the onset of laminar flame extinction in premixed hydrogen-enriched natural gas (HENG) systems
author_id_str_mv 88aaf2ee4c51d4405ef7f81e2e8f7bdb
0c4af8958eda0d2e914a5edc3210cd9e
author_id_fullname_str_mv 88aaf2ee4c51d4405ef7f81e2e8f7bdb_***_Daniel Jones
0c4af8958eda0d2e914a5edc3210cd9e_***_Charlie Dunnill
author Daniel Jones
Charlie Dunnill
author2 Daniel Jones
Charlie Dunnill
format Journal article
container_title Fuel
container_volume 294
container_start_page 120527
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
issn 0016-2361
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.120527
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Mechanical Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Mechanical Engineering
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Due to the prohibitive financial expense and logistical difficulties of a wholesale changeover from natural gas to hydrogen, hydrogen-enriched natural gas (HENG) offers a more viable intermediate solution for offsetting the carbon dioxide output of domestic gas usage and reducing the blow-out susceptibility of natural gas flames. In order to formulate a practically useful description of the blow-out threshold, the present work addresses the minimum energy per unit volume of premixed gas required for the sustained combustion of HENG fuels with molar hydrogen concentrations between zero and 50 mol%. By considering a ring burner comprising circular burner jet apertures with diameters in the range 1.0–2.4 mm, this critical energy density was demonstrated to increase linearly with the mean velocity of the admitted gas premixture, approaching a value that was common to all of the investigated HENG compositions in the limit of zero flow. Furthermore, despite flame morphology varying substantially as a function of flow conditions, the visible surface area of critically stable flames consistently exhibited an empirical squared dependence on the power generated by combusting fuel. By combining these correlations, the onset of blow-out was shown to be well-approximated by a formula that relates the critical surface-averaged laminar burning velocity to the mean velocity of gas molecules at the burner jet. This model provides a simplified means of predicting blow-out conditions from measurable input parameters and could serve as an invaluable asset for the design of new HENG burner systems or the retrofitting of existing natural gas appliances.
published_date 2021-06-15T04:11:19Z
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score 11.017797

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