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Correlative Microscopy: a tool for understanding soil weathering in modern analogues of early terrestrial biospheres

Ria Mitchell Orcid Logo, Pete Davies, P. Kenrick, T. Volkenandt, Cameron Pleydell-Pearce, Richard Johnston Orcid Logo

Scientific Reports, Volume: 11, Issue: 1

Swansea University Authors: Ria Mitchell Orcid Logo, Pete Davies, Cameron Pleydell-Pearce, Richard Johnston Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1038/s41598-021-92184-1

Abstract

Correlative imaging provides a method of investigating complex systems by combining analytical (chemistry) and imaging (tomography) information across dimensions (2D-3D) and scales (centimetres-nanometres). We studied weathering processes in a modern cryptogamic ground cover from Iceland, containing...

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Published in: Scientific Reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2021
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We studied weathering processes in a modern cryptogamic ground cover from Iceland, containing early colonizing, and evolutionary ancient, communities of mosses, lichens, fungi, and bacteria. Targeted multi-scale X-ray Microscopy of a grain in-situ within a soil core revealed networks of surficial and internal features (tunnels) originating from organic-rich surface holes. Further targeted 2D grain characterisation by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), following an intermediate manual correlative preparation step, revealed Fe-rich nodules within the tunnels. Finally, nanotomographic imaging by focussed ion beam microscopy (FIB-SEM) revealed coccoid and filamentous-like structures within subsurface tunnels, as well as accumulations of Fe and S in grain surface crusts, which may represent a biological rock varnish/glaze. We attribute these features to biological processes. This work highlights the advantages and novelty of the correlative imaging approach, across scales, dimensions, and modes, to investigate biological weathering processes. Further, we demonstrate correlative microscopy as a means of identifying fingerprints of biological communities, which could be used in the geologic rock record and on extra-terrestrial bodies.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Scientific Reports</journal><volume>11</volume><journalNumber>1</journalNumber><paginationStart/><paginationEnd/><publisher>Springer Science and Business Media LLC</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint/><issnElectronic>2045-2322</issnElectronic><keywords/><publishedDay>17</publishedDay><publishedMonth>6</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2021</publishedYear><publishedDate>2021-06-17</publishedDate><doi>10.1038/s41598-021-92184-1</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Engineering</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>EEN</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm>External research funder(s) paid the OA fee (includes OA grants disbursed by the Library)</apcterm><funders>Authors acknowledge AIM Facility funding in part from EPSRC (EP/M028267/1), the European Regional Development Fund through the Welsh Government (80708), the Ser Solar project via Welsh Government, a Welsh Government Enhanced Competitiveness Infrastructure Award, and from Carl Zeiss Microscopy. Use of Sheffield Tomography Centre (STC) computer facilities is supported by EPSRC (EP/T006390/1).</funders><projectreference>EP/M028267/1</projectreference><lastEdited>2023-08-18T13:55:10.3601425</lastEdited><Created>2021-06-24T09:44:11.0840935</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Ria</firstname><surname>Mitchell</surname><orcid>0000-0002-6328-3998</orcid><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Pete</firstname><surname>Davies</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>P.</firstname><surname>Kenrick</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>T.</firstname><surname>Volkenandt</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Cameron</firstname><surname>Pleydell-Pearce</surname><orcid/><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Richard</firstname><surname>Johnston</surname><orcid>0000-0003-1977-6418</orcid><order>6</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>57196__20236__de0f788a31814f9f932b9b6fc942840a.pdf</filename><originalFilename>57196.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2021-06-24T09:45:23.8802682</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>5237188</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>© The Author(s) 2021. 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spelling v2 57196 2021-06-24 Correlative Microscopy: a tool for understanding soil weathering in modern analogues of early terrestrial biospheres fcfffafbafb0036c483338f839df45e5 0000-0002-6328-3998 Ria Mitchell Ria Mitchell true false 38c85534a35a03aac99b687029078831 Pete Davies Pete Davies true false 564c480cb2abe761533a139c7dbaaca1 Cameron Pleydell-Pearce Cameron Pleydell-Pearce true false 23282e7acce87dd926b8a62ae410a393 0000-0003-1977-6418 Richard Johnston Richard Johnston true false 2021-06-24 EEN Correlative imaging provides a method of investigating complex systems by combining analytical (chemistry) and imaging (tomography) information across dimensions (2D-3D) and scales (centimetres-nanometres). We studied weathering processes in a modern cryptogamic ground cover from Iceland, containing early colonizing, and evolutionary ancient, communities of mosses, lichens, fungi, and bacteria. Targeted multi-scale X-ray Microscopy of a grain in-situ within a soil core revealed networks of surficial and internal features (tunnels) originating from organic-rich surface holes. Further targeted 2D grain characterisation by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), following an intermediate manual correlative preparation step, revealed Fe-rich nodules within the tunnels. Finally, nanotomographic imaging by focussed ion beam microscopy (FIB-SEM) revealed coccoid and filamentous-like structures within subsurface tunnels, as well as accumulations of Fe and S in grain surface crusts, which may represent a biological rock varnish/glaze. We attribute these features to biological processes. This work highlights the advantages and novelty of the correlative imaging approach, across scales, dimensions, and modes, to investigate biological weathering processes. Further, we demonstrate correlative microscopy as a means of identifying fingerprints of biological communities, which could be used in the geologic rock record and on extra-terrestrial bodies. Journal Article Scientific Reports 11 1 Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2045-2322 17 6 2021 2021-06-17 10.1038/s41598-021-92184-1 COLLEGE NANME Engineering COLLEGE CODE EEN Swansea University External research funder(s) paid the OA fee (includes OA grants disbursed by the Library) Authors acknowledge AIM Facility funding in part from EPSRC (EP/M028267/1), the European Regional Development Fund through the Welsh Government (80708), the Ser Solar project via Welsh Government, a Welsh Government Enhanced Competitiveness Infrastructure Award, and from Carl Zeiss Microscopy. Use of Sheffield Tomography Centre (STC) computer facilities is supported by EPSRC (EP/T006390/1). EP/M028267/1 2023-08-18T13:55:10.3601425 2021-06-24T09:44:11.0840935 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering Ria Mitchell 0000-0002-6328-3998 1 Pete Davies 2 P. Kenrick 3 T. Volkenandt 4 Cameron Pleydell-Pearce 5 Richard Johnston 0000-0003-1977-6418 6 57196__20236__de0f788a31814f9f932b9b6fc942840a.pdf 57196.pdf 2021-06-24T09:45:23.8802682 Output 5237188 application/pdf Version of Record true © The Author(s) 2021. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Correlative Microscopy: a tool for understanding soil weathering in modern analogues of early terrestrial biospheres
spellingShingle Correlative Microscopy: a tool for understanding soil weathering in modern analogues of early terrestrial biospheres
Ria Mitchell
Pete Davies
Cameron Pleydell-Pearce
Richard Johnston
title_short Correlative Microscopy: a tool for understanding soil weathering in modern analogues of early terrestrial biospheres
title_full Correlative Microscopy: a tool for understanding soil weathering in modern analogues of early terrestrial biospheres
title_fullStr Correlative Microscopy: a tool for understanding soil weathering in modern analogues of early terrestrial biospheres
title_full_unstemmed Correlative Microscopy: a tool for understanding soil weathering in modern analogues of early terrestrial biospheres
title_sort Correlative Microscopy: a tool for understanding soil weathering in modern analogues of early terrestrial biospheres
author_id_str_mv fcfffafbafb0036c483338f839df45e5
38c85534a35a03aac99b687029078831
564c480cb2abe761533a139c7dbaaca1
23282e7acce87dd926b8a62ae410a393
author_id_fullname_str_mv fcfffafbafb0036c483338f839df45e5_***_Ria Mitchell
38c85534a35a03aac99b687029078831_***_Pete Davies
564c480cb2abe761533a139c7dbaaca1_***_Cameron Pleydell-Pearce
23282e7acce87dd926b8a62ae410a393_***_Richard Johnston
author Ria Mitchell
Pete Davies
Cameron Pleydell-Pearce
Richard Johnston
author2 Ria Mitchell
Pete Davies
P. Kenrick
T. Volkenandt
Cameron Pleydell-Pearce
Richard Johnston
format Journal article
container_title Scientific Reports
container_volume 11
container_issue 1
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
issn 2045-2322
doi_str_mv 10.1038/s41598-021-92184-1
publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering
document_store_str 1
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description Correlative imaging provides a method of investigating complex systems by combining analytical (chemistry) and imaging (tomography) information across dimensions (2D-3D) and scales (centimetres-nanometres). We studied weathering processes in a modern cryptogamic ground cover from Iceland, containing early colonizing, and evolutionary ancient, communities of mosses, lichens, fungi, and bacteria. Targeted multi-scale X-ray Microscopy of a grain in-situ within a soil core revealed networks of surficial and internal features (tunnels) originating from organic-rich surface holes. Further targeted 2D grain characterisation by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), following an intermediate manual correlative preparation step, revealed Fe-rich nodules within the tunnels. Finally, nanotomographic imaging by focussed ion beam microscopy (FIB-SEM) revealed coccoid and filamentous-like structures within subsurface tunnels, as well as accumulations of Fe and S in grain surface crusts, which may represent a biological rock varnish/glaze. We attribute these features to biological processes. This work highlights the advantages and novelty of the correlative imaging approach, across scales, dimensions, and modes, to investigate biological weathering processes. Further, we demonstrate correlative microscopy as a means of identifying fingerprints of biological communities, which could be used in the geologic rock record and on extra-terrestrial bodies.
published_date 2021-06-17T13:55:11Z
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score 11.012678

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