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The between-week reliability of neuromuscular, endocrine, and mood markers in soccer players and the repeatability of the movement demands during small-sided games

William Sparkes, Anthony N. TURNER, Matthew WESTON, Mark RUSSELL, Michael Johnston, Liam Kilduff Orcid Logo

The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, Volume: 62, Issue: 11

Swansea University Authors: William Sparkes, Michael Johnston, Liam Kilduff Orcid Logo

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Establishing the reliability and repeatability of both the movement demands and the consequential responses of athletes applied settings is important. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to assess the between-week reliability of potential fatigue monitoring methods in soccer pla...

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Published in: The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness
ISSN: 1827-1928
Published: Edizioni Minerva Medica 2021
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa58774
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Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to assess the between-week reliability of potential fatigue monitoring methods in soccer players. Secondary aims were to establish the repeatability of the movement demands and the changes in monitoring variables from the same small-sided game (SSG) protocol programmed on consecutive weeks. METHODS: Twelve semi-professional soccer players (age, 21&#xB1;2 years; mass, 80.1&#xB1;6.8kg; height, 1.81&#xB1;0.06m) performed the same SSG protocol (4vs4+goalkeepers; 6x7-min, 2-min inter-set recovery) separated by 7 days. Movement demands were monitored using global positioning systems (GPS), with countermovement jump (CMJ), saliva (testosterone and cortisol), and brief assessment of mood (BAM+) collected immediately pre and post SSG training. RESULTS: Results suggest that CMJ variables and hormonal markers have good between-week reliability when measuring athletes at rest (CV, 2.1&#x2013;7.7%; ICC, 0.82&#x2013;0.98), however BAM+ did not (CV, 23.5%; ICC, 0.47). GPS variables presented low to high repeatability during SSG training, with reliability statistics varying between metrics (CV, 4.4&#x2013;62.4%; ICC, 0.30&#x2013;0.81). In detecting responses from pre- to post-SSG training, CMJ and hormonal markers showed moderate to very-high reliability (ICC, 0.68&#x2013;0.99), whilst BAM + did not (ICC, 0.12). CONCLUSIONS: The findings from this study suggest CMJ and hormonal markers provide good between-week reliability, yet caution should be applied when using short subjective questionnaires. Additionally, some movement demands may not be repeatable when programming the same SSG session on separate occasions.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness</journal><volume>62</volume><journalNumber>11</journalNumber><paginationStart/><paginationEnd/><publisher>Edizioni Minerva Medica</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint/><issnElectronic>1827-1928</issnElectronic><keywords>Monitoring, GPS, soccer, SSG, reliability</keywords><publishedDay>9</publishedDay><publishedMonth>12</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2021</publishedYear><publishedDate>2021-12-09</publishedDate><doi>10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12993-7</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Science and Engineering - Faculty</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>FGSEN</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><funders/><projectreference/><lastEdited>2023-01-04T15:34:25.9901867</lastEdited><Created>2021-11-24T14:23:20.2673216</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences</level></path><authors><author><firstname>William</firstname><surname>Sparkes</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Anthony N.</firstname><surname>TURNER</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Matthew</firstname><surname>WESTON</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Mark</firstname><surname>RUSSELL</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Michael</firstname><surname>Johnston</surname><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Liam</firstname><surname>Kilduff</surname><orcid>0000-0001-9449-2293</orcid><order>6</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>58774__21670__a33dff5fb1a1441487da917acc9d9039.pdf</filename><originalFilename>58774.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2021-11-24T14:26:31.2675008</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>311181</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Accepted Manuscript</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><embargoDate>2022-12-09T00:00:00.0000000</embargoDate><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect><language>eng</language></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling 2023-01-04T15:34:25.9901867 v2 58774 2021-11-24 The between-week reliability of neuromuscular, endocrine, and mood markers in soccer players and the repeatability of the movement demands during small-sided games 66ebeea430d52dd20ad92171b09a8138 William Sparkes William Sparkes true false a1b9b5176b0704b41d5f721a14832d65 Michael Johnston Michael Johnston true false 972ed9a1dda7a0de20581a0f8350be98 0000-0001-9449-2293 Liam Kilduff Liam Kilduff true false 2021-11-24 FGSEN BACKGROUND: Establishing the reliability and repeatability of both the movement demands and the consequential responses of athletes applied settings is important. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to assess the between-week reliability of potential fatigue monitoring methods in soccer players. Secondary aims were to establish the repeatability of the movement demands and the changes in monitoring variables from the same small-sided game (SSG) protocol programmed on consecutive weeks. METHODS: Twelve semi-professional soccer players (age, 21±2 years; mass, 80.1±6.8kg; height, 1.81±0.06m) performed the same SSG protocol (4vs4+goalkeepers; 6x7-min, 2-min inter-set recovery) separated by 7 days. Movement demands were monitored using global positioning systems (GPS), with countermovement jump (CMJ), saliva (testosterone and cortisol), and brief assessment of mood (BAM+) collected immediately pre and post SSG training. RESULTS: Results suggest that CMJ variables and hormonal markers have good between-week reliability when measuring athletes at rest (CV, 2.1–7.7%; ICC, 0.82–0.98), however BAM+ did not (CV, 23.5%; ICC, 0.47). GPS variables presented low to high repeatability during SSG training, with reliability statistics varying between metrics (CV, 4.4–62.4%; ICC, 0.30–0.81). In detecting responses from pre- to post-SSG training, CMJ and hormonal markers showed moderate to very-high reliability (ICC, 0.68–0.99), whilst BAM + did not (ICC, 0.12). CONCLUSIONS: The findings from this study suggest CMJ and hormonal markers provide good between-week reliability, yet caution should be applied when using short subjective questionnaires. Additionally, some movement demands may not be repeatable when programming the same SSG session on separate occasions. Journal Article The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness 62 11 Edizioni Minerva Medica 1827-1928 Monitoring, GPS, soccer, SSG, reliability 9 12 2021 2021-12-09 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12993-7 COLLEGE NANME Science and Engineering - Faculty COLLEGE CODE FGSEN Swansea University 2023-01-04T15:34:25.9901867 2021-11-24T14:23:20.2673216 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences William Sparkes 1 Anthony N. TURNER 2 Matthew WESTON 3 Mark RUSSELL 4 Michael Johnston 5 Liam Kilduff 0000-0001-9449-2293 6 58774__21670__a33dff5fb1a1441487da917acc9d9039.pdf 58774.pdf 2021-11-24T14:26:31.2675008 Output 311181 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2022-12-09T00:00:00.0000000 true eng
title The between-week reliability of neuromuscular, endocrine, and mood markers in soccer players and the repeatability of the movement demands during small-sided games
spellingShingle The between-week reliability of neuromuscular, endocrine, and mood markers in soccer players and the repeatability of the movement demands during small-sided games
William Sparkes
Michael Johnston
Liam Kilduff
title_short The between-week reliability of neuromuscular, endocrine, and mood markers in soccer players and the repeatability of the movement demands during small-sided games
title_full The between-week reliability of neuromuscular, endocrine, and mood markers in soccer players and the repeatability of the movement demands during small-sided games
title_fullStr The between-week reliability of neuromuscular, endocrine, and mood markers in soccer players and the repeatability of the movement demands during small-sided games
title_full_unstemmed The between-week reliability of neuromuscular, endocrine, and mood markers in soccer players and the repeatability of the movement demands during small-sided games
title_sort The between-week reliability of neuromuscular, endocrine, and mood markers in soccer players and the repeatability of the movement demands during small-sided games
author_id_str_mv 66ebeea430d52dd20ad92171b09a8138
a1b9b5176b0704b41d5f721a14832d65
972ed9a1dda7a0de20581a0f8350be98
author_id_fullname_str_mv 66ebeea430d52dd20ad92171b09a8138_***_William Sparkes
a1b9b5176b0704b41d5f721a14832d65_***_Michael Johnston
972ed9a1dda7a0de20581a0f8350be98_***_Liam Kilduff
author William Sparkes
Michael Johnston
Liam Kilduff
author2 William Sparkes
Anthony N. TURNER
Matthew WESTON
Mark RUSSELL
Michael Johnston
Liam Kilduff
format Journal article
container_title The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness
container_volume 62
container_issue 11
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
issn 1827-1928
doi_str_mv 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12993-7
publisher Edizioni Minerva Medica
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences
document_store_str 1
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description BACKGROUND: Establishing the reliability and repeatability of both the movement demands and the consequential responses of athletes applied settings is important. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to assess the between-week reliability of potential fatigue monitoring methods in soccer players. Secondary aims were to establish the repeatability of the movement demands and the changes in monitoring variables from the same small-sided game (SSG) protocol programmed on consecutive weeks. METHODS: Twelve semi-professional soccer players (age, 21±2 years; mass, 80.1±6.8kg; height, 1.81±0.06m) performed the same SSG protocol (4vs4+goalkeepers; 6x7-min, 2-min inter-set recovery) separated by 7 days. Movement demands were monitored using global positioning systems (GPS), with countermovement jump (CMJ), saliva (testosterone and cortisol), and brief assessment of mood (BAM+) collected immediately pre and post SSG training. RESULTS: Results suggest that CMJ variables and hormonal markers have good between-week reliability when measuring athletes at rest (CV, 2.1–7.7%; ICC, 0.82–0.98), however BAM+ did not (CV, 23.5%; ICC, 0.47). GPS variables presented low to high repeatability during SSG training, with reliability statistics varying between metrics (CV, 4.4–62.4%; ICC, 0.30–0.81). In detecting responses from pre- to post-SSG training, CMJ and hormonal markers showed moderate to very-high reliability (ICC, 0.68–0.99), whilst BAM + did not (ICC, 0.12). CONCLUSIONS: The findings from this study suggest CMJ and hormonal markers provide good between-week reliability, yet caution should be applied when using short subjective questionnaires. Additionally, some movement demands may not be repeatable when programming the same SSG session on separate occasions.
published_date 2021-12-09T04:15:34Z
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