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Back to school after lockdown: The effect of COVID-19 restrictions on children's device-based physical activity metrics

Liezel Hurter, Melitta McNarry Orcid Logo, Gareth Stratton Orcid Logo, Kelly Mackintosh Orcid Logo

Journal of Sport and Health Science, Volume: 11, Issue: 4, Pages: 530 - 536

Swansea University Authors: Liezel Hurter, Melitta McNarry Orcid Logo, Gareth Stratton Orcid Logo, Kelly Mackintosh Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.jshs.2022.01.009

Abstract

Objective: The Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and national lockdowns took away opportunities for children to be physically active. This study aimed to determine the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on accelerometer-assessed physical activity (PA) in children in Wales. Methods: 800 parti...

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Published in: Journal of Sport and Health Science
ISSN: 2095-2546 2213-2961
Published: Elsevier BV 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa59083
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This study aimed to determine the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on accelerometer-assessed physical activity (PA) in children in Wales. Methods: 800 participants (8 &#x2013; 18-year-olds), stratified by sex, age and socio-economic status, wore Axivity AX3 accelerometers for seven days in February 2021 during the lockdown, and in May 2021 whilst in school. Raw accelerometer data were processed in R-package GGIR, and cut-point data, average acceleration (AvAcc), intensity gradient (IG) and MX metrics were extracted. Linear mixed models were used to assess the influence of time-point, sex, age and SES, on PA. Results: During lockdown, moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was 38.4 &#xB1; 24.3 min&#xB7;day-1; sedentary time (ST) was 849.4 &#xB1; 196.6 min&#xB7;day-1. PA levels increased significantly upon return to school (all variables p &lt; 0.001). While there were no sex differences during lockdown (p = 0.233), girls engaged in significantly less MVPA than boys once back in school (p &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, boys had more favourable intensity profiles than girls (IG: p &lt; 0.001), regardless of time-point. PA levels decreased with age at both time-points; upper secondary school (USS) girls were the least active group, with an average M30 of 195.2 mg (whilst in school). Conclusion: The lockdown affected boys more than girls as reflected by the disappearance of the typical sex difference in PA levels during lockdown, although they were re-established on return to school. USS (especially girls) might need specific COVID-recovery intervention.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Journal of Sport and Health Science</journal><volume>11</volume><journalNumber>4</journalNumber><paginationStart>530</paginationStart><paginationEnd>536</paginationEnd><publisher>Elsevier BV</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>2095-2546</issnPrint><issnElectronic>2213-2961</issnElectronic><keywords>accelerometer, intensity gradient, MX metrics</keywords><publishedDay>1</publishedDay><publishedMonth>7</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2022</publishedYear><publishedDate>2022-07-01</publishedDate><doi>10.1016/j.jshs.2022.01.009</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Sport and Exercise Sciences</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>STSC</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><funders>Welsh Government S^er Cymru III Tackling COVID-19 grant scheme (Welsh Government project number: 099), The Higher Education Funding Council for Wales Research Wales Innovation Fund (Collaboration Booster Faculty Fund), and the Swansea University Greatest Need fund. 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spelling 2022-09-27T17:16:14.3279013 v2 59083 2022-01-05 Back to school after lockdown: The effect of COVID-19 restrictions on children's device-based physical activity metrics e67b23cb497659e847b2c021cb6dc5e2 Liezel Hurter Liezel Hurter true false 062f5697ff59f004bc8c713955988398 0000-0003-0813-7477 Melitta McNarry Melitta McNarry true false 6d62b2ed126961bed81a94a2beba8a01 0000-0001-5618-0803 Gareth Stratton Gareth Stratton true false bdb20e3f31bcccf95c7bc116070c4214 0000-0003-0355-6357 Kelly Mackintosh Kelly Mackintosh true false 2022-01-05 STSC Objective: The Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and national lockdowns took away opportunities for children to be physically active. This study aimed to determine the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on accelerometer-assessed physical activity (PA) in children in Wales. Methods: 800 participants (8 – 18-year-olds), stratified by sex, age and socio-economic status, wore Axivity AX3 accelerometers for seven days in February 2021 during the lockdown, and in May 2021 whilst in school. Raw accelerometer data were processed in R-package GGIR, and cut-point data, average acceleration (AvAcc), intensity gradient (IG) and MX metrics were extracted. Linear mixed models were used to assess the influence of time-point, sex, age and SES, on PA. Results: During lockdown, moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was 38.4 ± 24.3 min·day-1; sedentary time (ST) was 849.4 ± 196.6 min·day-1. PA levels increased significantly upon return to school (all variables p < 0.001). While there were no sex differences during lockdown (p = 0.233), girls engaged in significantly less MVPA than boys once back in school (p < 0.001). Furthermore, boys had more favourable intensity profiles than girls (IG: p < 0.001), regardless of time-point. PA levels decreased with age at both time-points; upper secondary school (USS) girls were the least active group, with an average M30 of 195.2 mg (whilst in school). Conclusion: The lockdown affected boys more than girls as reflected by the disappearance of the typical sex difference in PA levels during lockdown, although they were re-established on return to school. USS (especially girls) might need specific COVID-recovery intervention. Journal Article Journal of Sport and Health Science 11 4 530 536 Elsevier BV 2095-2546 2213-2961 accelerometer, intensity gradient, MX metrics 1 7 2022 2022-07-01 10.1016/j.jshs.2022.01.009 COLLEGE NANME Sport and Exercise Sciences COLLEGE CODE STSC Swansea University Welsh Government S^er Cymru III Tackling COVID-19 grant scheme (Welsh Government project number: 099), The Higher Education Funding Council for Wales Research Wales Innovation Fund (Collaboration Booster Faculty Fund), and the Swansea University Greatest Need fund. LH was partly funded by The Welsh Institute of Physical Activity, Health and Sport (WIPAHS). 2022-09-27T17:16:14.3279013 2022-01-05T15:46:32.9857790 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences Liezel Hurter 1 Melitta McNarry 0000-0003-0813-7477 2 Gareth Stratton 0000-0001-5618-0803 3 Kelly Mackintosh 0000-0003-0355-6357 4 59083__25244__d7af55457c0f460eaf4ec660b413d74e.pdf 59083_VoR.pdf 2022-09-27T17:14:52.7700521 Output 1085115 application/pdf Version of Record true Copyright: 2022 This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
title Back to school after lockdown: The effect of COVID-19 restrictions on children's device-based physical activity metrics
spellingShingle Back to school after lockdown: The effect of COVID-19 restrictions on children's device-based physical activity metrics
Liezel Hurter
Melitta McNarry
Gareth Stratton
Kelly Mackintosh
title_short Back to school after lockdown: The effect of COVID-19 restrictions on children's device-based physical activity metrics
title_full Back to school after lockdown: The effect of COVID-19 restrictions on children's device-based physical activity metrics
title_fullStr Back to school after lockdown: The effect of COVID-19 restrictions on children's device-based physical activity metrics
title_full_unstemmed Back to school after lockdown: The effect of COVID-19 restrictions on children's device-based physical activity metrics
title_sort Back to school after lockdown: The effect of COVID-19 restrictions on children's device-based physical activity metrics
author_id_str_mv e67b23cb497659e847b2c021cb6dc5e2
062f5697ff59f004bc8c713955988398
6d62b2ed126961bed81a94a2beba8a01
bdb20e3f31bcccf95c7bc116070c4214
author_id_fullname_str_mv e67b23cb497659e847b2c021cb6dc5e2_***_Liezel Hurter
062f5697ff59f004bc8c713955988398_***_Melitta McNarry
6d62b2ed126961bed81a94a2beba8a01_***_Gareth Stratton
bdb20e3f31bcccf95c7bc116070c4214_***_Kelly Mackintosh
author Liezel Hurter
Melitta McNarry
Gareth Stratton
Kelly Mackintosh
author2 Liezel Hurter
Melitta McNarry
Gareth Stratton
Kelly Mackintosh
format Journal article
container_title Journal of Sport and Health Science
container_volume 11
container_issue 4
container_start_page 530
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 2095-2546
2213-2961
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.jshs.2022.01.009
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Objective: The Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and national lockdowns took away opportunities for children to be physically active. This study aimed to determine the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on accelerometer-assessed physical activity (PA) in children in Wales. Methods: 800 participants (8 – 18-year-olds), stratified by sex, age and socio-economic status, wore Axivity AX3 accelerometers for seven days in February 2021 during the lockdown, and in May 2021 whilst in school. Raw accelerometer data were processed in R-package GGIR, and cut-point data, average acceleration (AvAcc), intensity gradient (IG) and MX metrics were extracted. Linear mixed models were used to assess the influence of time-point, sex, age and SES, on PA. Results: During lockdown, moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was 38.4 ± 24.3 min·day-1; sedentary time (ST) was 849.4 ± 196.6 min·day-1. PA levels increased significantly upon return to school (all variables p < 0.001). While there were no sex differences during lockdown (p = 0.233), girls engaged in significantly less MVPA than boys once back in school (p < 0.001). Furthermore, boys had more favourable intensity profiles than girls (IG: p < 0.001), regardless of time-point. PA levels decreased with age at both time-points; upper secondary school (USS) girls were the least active group, with an average M30 of 195.2 mg (whilst in school). Conclusion: The lockdown affected boys more than girls as reflected by the disappearance of the typical sex difference in PA levels during lockdown, although they were re-established on return to school. USS (especially girls) might need specific COVID-recovery intervention.
published_date 2022-07-01T04:16:07Z
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