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Apprenticeship Indentures and Apprentices in Medieval England, 1250–1500 / RHIANNON SANDY

Swansea University Author: RHIANNON SANDY

  • E-Thesis – open access under embargo until: 5th January 2026

DOI (Published version): 10.23889/SUthesis.59094

Abstract

This thesis uses apprenticeship indentures to offer a novel insight into guilds and apprenticeship in medieval England. Indentures offer a unique view of idealised master-apprentice relationships, which are otherwise only visible in official records. A collection of 82 surviving indentures forms a s...

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Published: Swansea 2022
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: Ph.D
Supervisor: Stevens, Matthew F. ; Youngs, Deborah
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa59094
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first_indexed 2022-01-06T09:59:02Z
last_indexed 2022-01-07T04:26:50Z
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spelling 2022-01-06T11:41:42.2579391 v2 59094 2022-01-06 Apprenticeship Indentures and Apprentices in Medieval England, 1250–1500 51f3f4d61b3ca8d92d3f2276f53d1fd8 RHIANNON SANDY RHIANNON SANDY true false 2022-01-06 This thesis uses apprenticeship indentures to offer a novel insight into guilds and apprenticeship in medieval England. Indentures offer a unique view of idealised master-apprentice relationships, which are otherwise only visible in official records. A collection of 82 surviving indentures forms a starting point for exploring social, economic, and legal aspects of apprenticeship in medieval England, both within and outside the guild system. Chapter 1 outlines the content of indentures and provides a guide to their general form. Indentures developed gradually in response to social, economic and legal factors; these are explored in subsequent chapters. Chapter 2 discusses the enforceability and enforcement of legislation pertaining to apprenticeship, as well as exploring the legal complexities of indentures as binding legal agreements made by minors. Chapter 3 considers apprenticeship in three ways in the context of the guild system: as a means of exploitation, as a means of exclusion, and as a means of providing technical training. No single model prevails, but the influence of each depends on geographical, economic, and temporal factors. Subsequent chapters provide an overview of the reality of apprenticeship. Chapter 4 discusses the use of behavioural clauses in indentures, which controlled apprentices’ behaviour with the primary aim of protecting masters’ reputations. Chapter 5 explores apprentices’ expectations of the apprenticeship, including provision of training. Chapter 6 presents novel estimates, based on surviving records, of the cost of maintaining an apprentice, concluding that they were not ‘cheap’ labour. Historians have not previously considered this cost. Chapter 7 uses testamentary evidence to examine close master-apprentice relationships, highlighting the importance of fictive kinship. Civic enfranchisement and its relative importance is also discussed. Overall, this thesis provides an original survey of apprenticeship in medieval England, based mainly on evidence from a previously neglected document type. E-Thesis Swansea Apprentice, apprenticeship, indenture, chirograph, medieval, England, diplomatic, pre-modern, work, childhood, labour, training, socialisation, wills, bequests, economic history, labour history, legal history, social history, urban history, document studies, gender, guilds, craft guilds, craftsmen, craftworkers, behaviour, contracts, kinship, literacy, numeracy, citizenship, enfranchisement, wages, economy, trade, social mobility, Statute of Labourers, Statute of Cambridge 6 1 2022 2022-01-06 10.23889/SUthesis.59094 ORCiD identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8731-076X COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Stevens, Matthew F. ; Youngs, Deborah Doctoral Ph.D 2022-01-06T11:41:42.2579391 2022-01-06T09:53:49.2160515 Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences School of Culture and Communication - History RHIANNON SANDY 1 Under embargo Under embargo 2022-01-06T10:17:02.9690854 Output 3335595 application/pdf E-Thesis – open access true 2026-01-05T00:00:00.0000000 Apprenticeship Indentures and Apprentices in Medieval England, 1250–1500 © 2022 by Rhiannon E. Sandy is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License. true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Apprenticeship Indentures and Apprentices in Medieval England, 1250–1500
spellingShingle Apprenticeship Indentures and Apprentices in Medieval England, 1250–1500
RHIANNON SANDY
title_short Apprenticeship Indentures and Apprentices in Medieval England, 1250–1500
title_full Apprenticeship Indentures and Apprentices in Medieval England, 1250–1500
title_fullStr Apprenticeship Indentures and Apprentices in Medieval England, 1250–1500
title_full_unstemmed Apprenticeship Indentures and Apprentices in Medieval England, 1250–1500
title_sort Apprenticeship Indentures and Apprentices in Medieval England, 1250–1500
author_id_str_mv 51f3f4d61b3ca8d92d3f2276f53d1fd8
author_id_fullname_str_mv 51f3f4d61b3ca8d92d3f2276f53d1fd8_***_RHIANNON SANDY
author RHIANNON SANDY
author2 RHIANNON SANDY
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publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
doi_str_mv 10.23889/SUthesis.59094
college_str Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofhumanitiesandsocialsciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofhumanitiesandsocialsciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
department_str School of Culture and Communication - History{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Culture and Communication - History
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description This thesis uses apprenticeship indentures to offer a novel insight into guilds and apprenticeship in medieval England. Indentures offer a unique view of idealised master-apprentice relationships, which are otherwise only visible in official records. A collection of 82 surviving indentures forms a starting point for exploring social, economic, and legal aspects of apprenticeship in medieval England, both within and outside the guild system. Chapter 1 outlines the content of indentures and provides a guide to their general form. Indentures developed gradually in response to social, economic and legal factors; these are explored in subsequent chapters. Chapter 2 discusses the enforceability and enforcement of legislation pertaining to apprenticeship, as well as exploring the legal complexities of indentures as binding legal agreements made by minors. Chapter 3 considers apprenticeship in three ways in the context of the guild system: as a means of exploitation, as a means of exclusion, and as a means of providing technical training. No single model prevails, but the influence of each depends on geographical, economic, and temporal factors. Subsequent chapters provide an overview of the reality of apprenticeship. Chapter 4 discusses the use of behavioural clauses in indentures, which controlled apprentices’ behaviour with the primary aim of protecting masters’ reputations. Chapter 5 explores apprentices’ expectations of the apprenticeship, including provision of training. Chapter 6 presents novel estimates, based on surviving records, of the cost of maintaining an apprentice, concluding that they were not ‘cheap’ labour. Historians have not previously considered this cost. Chapter 7 uses testamentary evidence to examine close master-apprentice relationships, highlighting the importance of fictive kinship. Civic enfranchisement and its relative importance is also discussed. Overall, this thesis provides an original survey of apprenticeship in medieval England, based mainly on evidence from a previously neglected document type.
published_date 2022-01-06T04:16:08Z
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score 11.012678

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