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Tree line shifts, changing vegetation assemblages and permafrost dynamics on Galdhøpiggen (Jotunheimen, Norway) over the past ~4400 years

Helen Hallang, Cynthia Froyd Orcid Logo, John Hiemstra Orcid Logo, Sietse Los

The Holocene, Volume: 32, Issue: 4, Pages: 308 - 320

Swansea University Authors: Helen Hallang, Cynthia Froyd Orcid Logo, John Hiemstra Orcid Logo, Sietse Los

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DOI (Published version): 10.1177/09596836211066591

Abstract

An environmental reconstruction based on palynological evidence preserved in peat was carried out to examine late-Holocene alpine tree line dynamics in the context of past climatic changes on Galdhøpiggen (Jotunheimen, southern Norway). We analysed a peat core taken from a mire at the present-day tr...

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Published in: The Holocene
ISSN: 0959-6836 1477-0911
Published: SAGE Publications 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa59122
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We analysed a peat core taken from a mire at the present-day tree line (1000 m a.s.l.), c. 450 m downslope from the lower limit of sporadic permafrost. We adopted a combination of commonly used indicators of species&#x2019; local presence to reconstruct past vegetation assemblages, such as the relative pollen abundance (%), pollen accumulation rate (PAR), and presence of indicator species. Additionally, fossil pollen from the peat sequence was compared to modern pollen from a surface moss polster to establish a modern analogue. The results were compared with studies covering the late-Holocene climatic changes in the area. The reconstruction demonstrates that a pine-dominated woodland reached above the present-day tree line at c. 4300 cal. yr BP, suggesting a warmer climate suitable for Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris) growth at this altitude. Scots pine retreated to lower altitudes between c. 3400 and 1700 cal. yr BP, accompanied by the descent of the low-alpine shrub-dominated belt, in response to cooling climatic conditions. The colder period covered c. 1700&#x2013;170 cal. yr BP, and an open downy birch ( Betula pubescens) woodland became widespread at 1000 m a.s.l., whilst pine remained sparse at this altitude. 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spelling 2022-03-25T10:55:30.6472172 v2 59122 2022-01-10 Tree line shifts, changing vegetation assemblages and permafrost dynamics on Galdhøpiggen (Jotunheimen, Norway) over the past ~4400 years 69369a1f423547862e7a7076b776d463 Helen Hallang Helen Hallang true false 788282697fc0b9ce69b76add9267d7b1 0000-0001-5291-9156 Cynthia Froyd Cynthia Froyd true false fa99fa6ac238739f5e92fd88069c4036 0000-0003-3148-0206 John Hiemstra John Hiemstra true false 6d529d947d3b37d7597b36956983cf16 Sietse Los Sietse Los true false 2022-01-10 SGE An environmental reconstruction based on palynological evidence preserved in peat was carried out to examine late-Holocene alpine tree line dynamics in the context of past climatic changes on Galdhøpiggen (Jotunheimen, southern Norway). We analysed a peat core taken from a mire at the present-day tree line (1000 m a.s.l.), c. 450 m downslope from the lower limit of sporadic permafrost. We adopted a combination of commonly used indicators of species’ local presence to reconstruct past vegetation assemblages, such as the relative pollen abundance (%), pollen accumulation rate (PAR), and presence of indicator species. Additionally, fossil pollen from the peat sequence was compared to modern pollen from a surface moss polster to establish a modern analogue. The results were compared with studies covering the late-Holocene climatic changes in the area. The reconstruction demonstrates that a pine-dominated woodland reached above the present-day tree line at c. 4300 cal. yr BP, suggesting a warmer climate suitable for Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris) growth at this altitude. Scots pine retreated to lower altitudes between c. 3400 and 1700 cal. yr BP, accompanied by the descent of the low-alpine shrub-dominated belt, in response to cooling climatic conditions. The colder period covered c. 1700–170 cal. yr BP, and an open downy birch ( Betula pubescens) woodland became widespread at 1000 m a.s.l., whilst pine remained sparse at this altitude. From c. 170 cal. yr BP onwards, warming allowed pine to re-establish its local presence alongside downy birch at 1000 m a.s.l. Journal Article The Holocene 32 4 308 320 SAGE Publications 0959-6836 1477-0911 alpine vegetation, palynology, permafrost, reconstruction, treelines 1 4 2022 2022-04-01 10.1177/09596836211066591 COLLEGE NANME Geography COLLEGE CODE SGE Swansea University Quaternary Research Association Grant: New Research Workers’ Award 2019 Identifier: FundRef 10.13039/100012089 2022-03-25T10:55:30.6472172 2022-01-10T14:44:06.2887854 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography Helen Hallang 1 Cynthia Froyd 0000-0001-5291-9156 2 John Hiemstra 0000-0003-3148-0206 3 Sietse Los 4 59122__22669__697e625d9d934d90a31aabc194a75ed8.pdf 59122.pdf 2022-03-25T10:48:03.1748934 Output 2025136 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true Released under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License (CC-BY-NC-ND) true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
title Tree line shifts, changing vegetation assemblages and permafrost dynamics on Galdhøpiggen (Jotunheimen, Norway) over the past ~4400 years
spellingShingle Tree line shifts, changing vegetation assemblages and permafrost dynamics on Galdhøpiggen (Jotunheimen, Norway) over the past ~4400 years
Helen Hallang
Cynthia Froyd
John Hiemstra
Sietse Los
title_short Tree line shifts, changing vegetation assemblages and permafrost dynamics on Galdhøpiggen (Jotunheimen, Norway) over the past ~4400 years
title_full Tree line shifts, changing vegetation assemblages and permafrost dynamics on Galdhøpiggen (Jotunheimen, Norway) over the past ~4400 years
title_fullStr Tree line shifts, changing vegetation assemblages and permafrost dynamics on Galdhøpiggen (Jotunheimen, Norway) over the past ~4400 years
title_full_unstemmed Tree line shifts, changing vegetation assemblages and permafrost dynamics on Galdhøpiggen (Jotunheimen, Norway) over the past ~4400 years
title_sort Tree line shifts, changing vegetation assemblages and permafrost dynamics on Galdhøpiggen (Jotunheimen, Norway) over the past ~4400 years
author_id_str_mv 69369a1f423547862e7a7076b776d463
788282697fc0b9ce69b76add9267d7b1
fa99fa6ac238739f5e92fd88069c4036
6d529d947d3b37d7597b36956983cf16
author_id_fullname_str_mv 69369a1f423547862e7a7076b776d463_***_Helen Hallang
788282697fc0b9ce69b76add9267d7b1_***_Cynthia Froyd
fa99fa6ac238739f5e92fd88069c4036_***_John Hiemstra
6d529d947d3b37d7597b36956983cf16_***_Sietse Los
author Helen Hallang
Cynthia Froyd
John Hiemstra
Sietse Los
author2 Helen Hallang
Cynthia Froyd
John Hiemstra
Sietse Los
format Journal article
container_title The Holocene
container_volume 32
container_issue 4
container_start_page 308
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 0959-6836
1477-0911
doi_str_mv 10.1177/09596836211066591
publisher SAGE Publications
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description An environmental reconstruction based on palynological evidence preserved in peat was carried out to examine late-Holocene alpine tree line dynamics in the context of past climatic changes on Galdhøpiggen (Jotunheimen, southern Norway). We analysed a peat core taken from a mire at the present-day tree line (1000 m a.s.l.), c. 450 m downslope from the lower limit of sporadic permafrost. We adopted a combination of commonly used indicators of species’ local presence to reconstruct past vegetation assemblages, such as the relative pollen abundance (%), pollen accumulation rate (PAR), and presence of indicator species. Additionally, fossil pollen from the peat sequence was compared to modern pollen from a surface moss polster to establish a modern analogue. The results were compared with studies covering the late-Holocene climatic changes in the area. The reconstruction demonstrates that a pine-dominated woodland reached above the present-day tree line at c. 4300 cal. yr BP, suggesting a warmer climate suitable for Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris) growth at this altitude. Scots pine retreated to lower altitudes between c. 3400 and 1700 cal. yr BP, accompanied by the descent of the low-alpine shrub-dominated belt, in response to cooling climatic conditions. The colder period covered c. 1700–170 cal. yr BP, and an open downy birch ( Betula pubescens) woodland became widespread at 1000 m a.s.l., whilst pine remained sparse at this altitude. From c. 170 cal. yr BP onwards, warming allowed pine to re-establish its local presence alongside downy birch at 1000 m a.s.l.
published_date 2022-04-01T04:16:11Z
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