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The effects of sex, nation, ethnicity, age and self-reported pubertal development on participant-measured right-left 2D:4D (Dr-l) in the BBC internet study

John Manning, B. Fink Orcid Logo, Laura Mason Orcid Logo, A. Kasielska-Trojan, R. Trivers

Journal of Biosocial Science, Volume: 55, Issue: 2, Pages: 1 - 13

Swansea University Authors: John Manning, Laura Mason Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1017/s0021932022000049

Abstract

Digit ratio (2D:4D) – a proxy for prenatal sex steroids – shows sex, nationality and ethnic differences and is linked to pubertal onset. It is unclear whether right-left 2D:4D (Dr-l) also correlates with prenatal sex steroids, as evidence of these differences has been less conclusive. The present st...

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Published in: Journal of Biosocial Science
ISSN: 0021-9320 1469-7599
Published: Cambridge University Press (CUP) 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa59286
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It is unclear whether right-left 2D:4D (Dr-l) also correlates with prenatal sex steroids, as evidence of these differences has been less conclusive. The present study examined the effects of sex, nation, ethnicity, age and self-reported pubertal development (i.e. the rate of physical development and age at menarche [females] or first shave [males]) on Dr-l in a large online study (the BBC internet study). Digit lengths were self-measured in 201,865 adults (110,955 males) and the sample of nations included 41 countries. Participants reported the self-perceived rate of physical pubertal development on a five-point scale (from very slow to very fast) and provided information on the age at menarche or first shave. Adult (&gt;17 years) males had lower Dr-l than females with weak effect size across 41 nations (males-females; d = −.065, p &lt; .0001). There were sex and ethnicity effects on Dr-l across seven ethnic groups with males &lt; females and lower Dr-l in Whites and Middle/Near Eastern participants compared to Asian, Black and Chinese respondents. Considering age effects, the authors focused on participants &gt;12 years; there were stable sex differences and a weak positive effect of age on Dr-l. Dr-l showed a positive relationship with the rate of physical development and a negative relationship with age at menarche or first shave. Relationships were present in males and females with stronger effects in the latter. 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spelling v2 59286 2022-02-01 The effects of sex, nation, ethnicity, age and self-reported pubertal development on participant-measured right-left 2D:4D (Dr-l) in the BBC internet study d106a326bbb29a053d2b8c7f8ad9a3f8 John Manning John Manning true false ef88a9ba99af7706e3e80e418f482e0a 0000-0002-9679-7063 Laura Mason Laura Mason true false 2022-02-01 FGSEN Digit ratio (2D:4D) – a proxy for prenatal sex steroids – shows sex, nationality and ethnic differences and is linked to pubertal onset. It is unclear whether right-left 2D:4D (Dr-l) also correlates with prenatal sex steroids, as evidence of these differences has been less conclusive. The present study examined the effects of sex, nation, ethnicity, age and self-reported pubertal development (i.e. the rate of physical development and age at menarche [females] or first shave [males]) on Dr-l in a large online study (the BBC internet study). Digit lengths were self-measured in 201,865 adults (110,955 males) and the sample of nations included 41 countries. Participants reported the self-perceived rate of physical pubertal development on a five-point scale (from very slow to very fast) and provided information on the age at menarche or first shave. Adult (>17 years) males had lower Dr-l than females with weak effect size across 41 nations (males-females; d = −.065, p < .0001). There were sex and ethnicity effects on Dr-l across seven ethnic groups with males < females and lower Dr-l in Whites and Middle/Near Eastern participants compared to Asian, Black and Chinese respondents. Considering age effects, the authors focused on participants >12 years; there were stable sex differences and a weak positive effect of age on Dr-l. Dr-l showed a positive relationship with the rate of physical development and a negative relationship with age at menarche or first shave. Relationships were present in males and females with stronger effects in the latter. It is concluded that Dr-l shows a weak sex difference (males < females) independent of nation, ethnicity and age, and suggest that Dr-l is a proxy for prenatal sex steroids. Journal Article Journal of Biosocial Science 55 2 1 13 Cambridge University Press (CUP) 0021-9320 1469-7599 testosterone and digit ratios; auxology; body image 28 1 2022 2022-01-28 10.1017/s0021932022000049 COLLEGE NANME Science and Engineering - Faculty COLLEGE CODE FGSEN Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) 2023-06-12T15:51:53.4830955 2022-02-01T11:34:12.9137603 Faculty of Science and Engineering John Manning 1 B. Fink 0000-0003-2739-5236 2 Laura Mason 0000-0002-9679-7063 3 A. Kasielska-Trojan 4 R. Trivers 5 59286__22284__eaa07c18ef66434dbf11f09c98cad7fe.pdf 59286.pdf 2022-02-01T17:02:46.6295645 Output 619072 application/pdf Version of Record true © The Author(s), 2022. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title The effects of sex, nation, ethnicity, age and self-reported pubertal development on participant-measured right-left 2D:4D (Dr-l) in the BBC internet study
spellingShingle The effects of sex, nation, ethnicity, age and self-reported pubertal development on participant-measured right-left 2D:4D (Dr-l) in the BBC internet study
John Manning
Laura Mason
title_short The effects of sex, nation, ethnicity, age and self-reported pubertal development on participant-measured right-left 2D:4D (Dr-l) in the BBC internet study
title_full The effects of sex, nation, ethnicity, age and self-reported pubertal development on participant-measured right-left 2D:4D (Dr-l) in the BBC internet study
title_fullStr The effects of sex, nation, ethnicity, age and self-reported pubertal development on participant-measured right-left 2D:4D (Dr-l) in the BBC internet study
title_full_unstemmed The effects of sex, nation, ethnicity, age and self-reported pubertal development on participant-measured right-left 2D:4D (Dr-l) in the BBC internet study
title_sort The effects of sex, nation, ethnicity, age and self-reported pubertal development on participant-measured right-left 2D:4D (Dr-l) in the BBC internet study
author_id_str_mv d106a326bbb29a053d2b8c7f8ad9a3f8
ef88a9ba99af7706e3e80e418f482e0a
author_id_fullname_str_mv d106a326bbb29a053d2b8c7f8ad9a3f8_***_John Manning
ef88a9ba99af7706e3e80e418f482e0a_***_Laura Mason
author John Manning
Laura Mason
author2 John Manning
B. Fink
Laura Mason
A. Kasielska-Trojan
R. Trivers
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container_title Journal of Biosocial Science
container_volume 55
container_issue 2
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publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 0021-9320
1469-7599
doi_str_mv 10.1017/s0021932022000049
publisher Cambridge University Press (CUP)
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
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description Digit ratio (2D:4D) – a proxy for prenatal sex steroids – shows sex, nationality and ethnic differences and is linked to pubertal onset. It is unclear whether right-left 2D:4D (Dr-l) also correlates with prenatal sex steroids, as evidence of these differences has been less conclusive. The present study examined the effects of sex, nation, ethnicity, age and self-reported pubertal development (i.e. the rate of physical development and age at menarche [females] or first shave [males]) on Dr-l in a large online study (the BBC internet study). Digit lengths were self-measured in 201,865 adults (110,955 males) and the sample of nations included 41 countries. Participants reported the self-perceived rate of physical pubertal development on a five-point scale (from very slow to very fast) and provided information on the age at menarche or first shave. Adult (>17 years) males had lower Dr-l than females with weak effect size across 41 nations (males-females; d = −.065, p < .0001). There were sex and ethnicity effects on Dr-l across seven ethnic groups with males < females and lower Dr-l in Whites and Middle/Near Eastern participants compared to Asian, Black and Chinese respondents. Considering age effects, the authors focused on participants >12 years; there were stable sex differences and a weak positive effect of age on Dr-l. Dr-l showed a positive relationship with the rate of physical development and a negative relationship with age at menarche or first shave. Relationships were present in males and females with stronger effects in the latter. It is concluded that Dr-l shows a weak sex difference (males < females) independent of nation, ethnicity and age, and suggest that Dr-l is a proxy for prenatal sex steroids.
published_date 2022-01-28T15:51:51Z
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