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Essays on trust, corruption and welfare / GEORGIOS MELIOS

Swansea University Author: GEORGIOS MELIOS

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DOI (Published version): 10.23889/SUthesis.59510

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This thesis builds on the literature of new institutional economics focusing on the formation and interactions of formal and informal institutions as well as their effects on welfare.The first empirical chapter focuses on Europe and explored the interplay between trust in national governments and co...

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Published: Swansea 2021
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: Ph.D
Supervisor: O’Leary, Nigel ; Blackaby, David
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa59510
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spelling 2022-03-07T10:47:39.2360832 v2 59510 2022-03-07 Essays on trust, corruption and welfare 9ee14b4edea5ca9b2b4552675bb5a1f2 GEORGIOS MELIOS GEORGIOS MELIOS true false 2022-03-07 This thesis builds on the literature of new institutional economics focusing on the formation and interactions of formal and informal institutions as well as their effects on welfare.The first empirical chapter focuses on Europe and explored the interplay between trust in national governments and corruption. Over the past decade European citizens’ confidence in political institutions has declined sharply. This essay explores what makes individuals report a particular level of trust towards their national government and why in Europe such trust is declining. At first, the chapter identifies the theoretical grounds of what affects trust decisions; exploring subsequently the question empirically by analysing data from the Eurobarometer (2005-2018). Using a multilevel logistic regression, I combine micro and macro characteristics to also explore the role of perceived corruption in this process. Results suggest that corruption is a significant determinant of trust in national governments, particularly where austerity was present.Subsequently, the second empirical analysis focuses on the inter-relations between informal and formal institutions through the inter-generational transmission of trust. In this chapter, I explore the role of individuals’ historical lineages in determining their contemporary political attitudes. Distinguishing between formal and informal institutions and motivated by a growing literature in economics and social sciences on how history matters in explaining variations in economic outcomes, I exam-ine how pre-colonial cultural and ethnic characteristics in Africa persist over time and shape contemporary political beliefs and attitudes towards political and traditional leaders. Two different matching methods are employed in order to match as best as possible contemporary respondents of the Afrobarometer with their ancestral lineages. Results confirm the hypothesis that there exist deeply rooted ethnic legacies that still shape political attitudes and beliefs today.The final essay shifts the regional focus again in the European Union and the interplay between political trust and subjective wellbeing is explored. Using data from the European Social Survey and a multilevel hierarchical modelling the effects of trust in national parliaments on subjective wellbeing are explored. Results suggest that insecurity with formal institutions, as expressed by distrust in national parliaments, is a significant determinant of subjective wellbeing in European Countries. E-Thesis Swansea 29 3 2021 2021-03-29 10.23889/SUthesis.59510 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University O’Leary, Nigel ; Blackaby, David Doctoral Ph.D Economics and Social Sciences Research Council (ESRC); Wales Institute of Social, Economic Research, Data and Methods; Wales Doctoral Training Partnership 2022-03-07T10:47:39.2360832 2022-03-07T10:12:09.0357429 Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences School of Management GEORGIOS MELIOS 1 59510__22532__5d77a0dab88c4011a720c2dd1e5d5f08.pdf Melios_Georgios_PhD_Thesis_Final_Cronfa.pdf 2022-03-07T10:45:49.7116976 Output 3749270 application/pdf E-Thesis – open access true 2022-03-29T00:00:00.0000000 Copyright: The author, Georgios Melios, 2021. true eng
title Essays on trust, corruption and welfare
spellingShingle Essays on trust, corruption and welfare
GEORGIOS MELIOS
title_short Essays on trust, corruption and welfare
title_full Essays on trust, corruption and welfare
title_fullStr Essays on trust, corruption and welfare
title_full_unstemmed Essays on trust, corruption and welfare
title_sort Essays on trust, corruption and welfare
author_id_str_mv 9ee14b4edea5ca9b2b4552675bb5a1f2
author_id_fullname_str_mv 9ee14b4edea5ca9b2b4552675bb5a1f2_***_GEORGIOS MELIOS
author GEORGIOS MELIOS
author2 GEORGIOS MELIOS
format E-Thesis
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
doi_str_mv 10.23889/SUthesis.59510
college_str Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofhumanitiesandsocialsciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofhumanitiesandsocialsciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
department_str School of Management{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Management
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description This thesis builds on the literature of new institutional economics focusing on the formation and interactions of formal and informal institutions as well as their effects on welfare.The first empirical chapter focuses on Europe and explored the interplay between trust in national governments and corruption. Over the past decade European citizens’ confidence in political institutions has declined sharply. This essay explores what makes individuals report a particular level of trust towards their national government and why in Europe such trust is declining. At first, the chapter identifies the theoretical grounds of what affects trust decisions; exploring subsequently the question empirically by analysing data from the Eurobarometer (2005-2018). Using a multilevel logistic regression, I combine micro and macro characteristics to also explore the role of perceived corruption in this process. Results suggest that corruption is a significant determinant of trust in national governments, particularly where austerity was present.Subsequently, the second empirical analysis focuses on the inter-relations between informal and formal institutions through the inter-generational transmission of trust. In this chapter, I explore the role of individuals’ historical lineages in determining their contemporary political attitudes. Distinguishing between formal and informal institutions and motivated by a growing literature in economics and social sciences on how history matters in explaining variations in economic outcomes, I exam-ine how pre-colonial cultural and ethnic characteristics in Africa persist over time and shape contemporary political beliefs and attitudes towards political and traditional leaders. Two different matching methods are employed in order to match as best as possible contemporary respondents of the Afrobarometer with their ancestral lineages. Results confirm the hypothesis that there exist deeply rooted ethnic legacies that still shape political attitudes and beliefs today.The final essay shifts the regional focus again in the European Union and the interplay between political trust and subjective wellbeing is explored. Using data from the European Social Survey and a multilevel hierarchical modelling the effects of trust in national parliaments on subjective wellbeing are explored. Results suggest that insecurity with formal institutions, as expressed by distrust in national parliaments, is a significant determinant of subjective wellbeing in European Countries.
published_date 2021-03-29T04:16:53Z
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score 11.016392

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