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Value Generation by Recovering By-Products from Steelmaking Processes: Dezincification of Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Slurry / DANIEL STEWART

Swansea University Author: DANIEL STEWART

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DOI (Published version): 10.23889/SUthesis.59625

Abstract

The production of steel through the blast furnace/basic oxygen steelmaking route generates approximately 10kg of ferrous dusts and sludges per tonne of hot metal produced. This ferrous material is readily recyclable via a sinter plant to recover iron units but is difficult to recycle when the materi...

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Published: Swansea 2022
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: EngD
Supervisor: Barron, Andrew R.
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa59625
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spelling 2022-03-15T15:05:26.6851148 v2 59625 2022-03-15 Value Generation by Recovering By-Products from Steelmaking Processes: Dezincification of Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Slurry fddd13bcfe31e6cc064e0c983dec2926 DANIEL STEWART DANIEL STEWART true false 2022-03-15 The production of steel through the blast furnace/basic oxygen steelmaking route generates approximately 10kg of ferrous dusts and sludges per tonne of hot metal produced. This ferrous material is readily recyclable via a sinter plant to recover iron units but is difficult to recycle when the material is contaminated with zinc. Historically, excess material has been stockpiled or landfilled which presents an environmental issue but also a commercial opportunity to recover huge volumes of ferrous material from operating and former steelmaking sites. A review of best available technology for recovery of zinc from steelmaking by-product dusts identified that the Rotary Hearth Furnace (RHF) is the most attractive commercialized option for processing of material at an integrated plant such as Tata Steel Port Talbot, but due to the relatively low value of the ferrous direct reduced iron (DRI) product is still not commercially viable. A characterization study of basic oxygen steelmaking dust from Port Talbot, Redcar and Scunthorpe steel plants in the United Kingdom was undertaken using a variety of techniques and indicated pyrometallurgical recovery would be the preferred recovery route due to the high metallization and variability of the morphology of the dusts. Benchmarking of material from Port Talbot material processed in laboratory furnace trials under conditions mimicking the RHF showed that while volatile metal removal and iron reduction performance is adequate for recycling at realistic RHF temperatures and hold times, the high sulfur and gangue content mean the produced DRI would not be valuable enough to offset production costs. A computational thermochemical study was undertaken using FactSage and identified the possibility of applying next generation RHF technology to produce high value pig iron nuggets from steelmaking by-products. This possibility was confirmed experimentally, producing pig iron nuggets from BOS dust with complete removal of zinc from the material, at feasible process conditions, by addition of SiO2 and MgO fluxes. Alternative reductants for the RHF were also explored, specifically adapting the RHF process to utilize the enormous volume of plastic waste generated from facemasks in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. The addition of facemask plastic to a low-volatile coal was found to increase its CO2 gasification reactivity, which has associated process benefits for direct reduction. E-Thesis Swansea steelmaking, ironmaking, zinc, recycling, direct reduction, dust, rotary hearth furnace 15 3 2022 2022-03-15 10.23889/SUthesis.59625 ORCiD identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5481-2299 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Barron, Andrew R. Doctoral EngD M2A EngD sponsored by Tata Steel Europe; Research grant number: EGR0751-100 2022-03-15T15:05:26.6851148 2022-03-15T13:16:41.3456153 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised DANIEL STEWART 1 59625__22602__f43d9d6540b54d0a8d5683bab5736d29.pdf Stewart_Daniel_J_C_EngD_Thesis_Final_Redacted_Signature.pdf 2022-03-15T13:37:26.6991946 Output 12678021 application/pdf E-Thesis – open access true 2023-03-11T00:00:00.0000000 Copyright: The author, Daniel J.C. Stewart, 2022. true eng
title Value Generation by Recovering By-Products from Steelmaking Processes: Dezincification of Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Slurry
spellingShingle Value Generation by Recovering By-Products from Steelmaking Processes: Dezincification of Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Slurry
DANIEL STEWART
title_short Value Generation by Recovering By-Products from Steelmaking Processes: Dezincification of Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Slurry
title_full Value Generation by Recovering By-Products from Steelmaking Processes: Dezincification of Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Slurry
title_fullStr Value Generation by Recovering By-Products from Steelmaking Processes: Dezincification of Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Slurry
title_full_unstemmed Value Generation by Recovering By-Products from Steelmaking Processes: Dezincification of Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Slurry
title_sort Value Generation by Recovering By-Products from Steelmaking Processes: Dezincification of Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Slurry
author_id_str_mv fddd13bcfe31e6cc064e0c983dec2926
author_id_fullname_str_mv fddd13bcfe31e6cc064e0c983dec2926_***_DANIEL STEWART
author DANIEL STEWART
author2 DANIEL STEWART
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publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
doi_str_mv 10.23889/SUthesis.59625
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised
document_store_str 1
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description The production of steel through the blast furnace/basic oxygen steelmaking route generates approximately 10kg of ferrous dusts and sludges per tonne of hot metal produced. This ferrous material is readily recyclable via a sinter plant to recover iron units but is difficult to recycle when the material is contaminated with zinc. Historically, excess material has been stockpiled or landfilled which presents an environmental issue but also a commercial opportunity to recover huge volumes of ferrous material from operating and former steelmaking sites. A review of best available technology for recovery of zinc from steelmaking by-product dusts identified that the Rotary Hearth Furnace (RHF) is the most attractive commercialized option for processing of material at an integrated plant such as Tata Steel Port Talbot, but due to the relatively low value of the ferrous direct reduced iron (DRI) product is still not commercially viable. A characterization study of basic oxygen steelmaking dust from Port Talbot, Redcar and Scunthorpe steel plants in the United Kingdom was undertaken using a variety of techniques and indicated pyrometallurgical recovery would be the preferred recovery route due to the high metallization and variability of the morphology of the dusts. Benchmarking of material from Port Talbot material processed in laboratory furnace trials under conditions mimicking the RHF showed that while volatile metal removal and iron reduction performance is adequate for recycling at realistic RHF temperatures and hold times, the high sulfur and gangue content mean the produced DRI would not be valuable enough to offset production costs. A computational thermochemical study was undertaken using FactSage and identified the possibility of applying next generation RHF technology to produce high value pig iron nuggets from steelmaking by-products. This possibility was confirmed experimentally, producing pig iron nuggets from BOS dust with complete removal of zinc from the material, at feasible process conditions, by addition of SiO2 and MgO fluxes. Alternative reductants for the RHF were also explored, specifically adapting the RHF process to utilize the enormous volume of plastic waste generated from facemasks in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. The addition of facemask plastic to a low-volatile coal was found to increase its CO2 gasification reactivity, which has associated process benefits for direct reduction.
published_date 2022-03-15T04:17:05Z
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score 11.035874

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