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Analysis of Head Acceleration Kinematics in Collegiate and Elite Women’s Rugby Union / FREJA PETRIE

Swansea University Author: FREJA PETRIE

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Abstract

Women are 1.4 times more likely to suffer concussion in collegiate sports than men. Despite this, the concussion protocols used in women’s rugby union are derived almost exclusively from androcentric data. However, androcentric data has limited generalisability to women due to sexual dimorphisms wit...

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Published: Swansea 2021
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Master of Research
Degree name: MSc by Research
Supervisor: Williams, Elisabeth M.
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa59721
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first_indexed 2022-03-28T15:38:04Z
last_indexed 2022-03-29T03:25:31Z
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spelling 2022-03-28T16:48:26.8949377 v2 59721 2022-03-28 Analysis of Head Acceleration Kinematics in Collegiate and Elite Women’s Rugby Union 51b8facc1e2d23b49333f32701ff69f8 FREJA PETRIE FREJA PETRIE true false 2022-03-28 Women are 1.4 times more likely to suffer concussion in collegiate sports than men. Despite this, the concussion protocols used in women’s rugby union are derived almost exclusively from androcentric data. However, androcentric data has limited generalisability to women due to sexual dimorphisms within axonal structure, cervical anatomy and stabilising cervical musculature. These anatomical and functional differences may result in female head acceleration kinematics differing from those reported in androcentric data. Therefore, the study aim was to identify female-specific head acceleration kinematics in elite and collegiate women’s rugby union. In the collegiate players, instrumented mouthguards (Protecht™, SWA Ltd, Swansea, UK) were used alongside video footage to quantify head acceleration during matches. These mouthguards employed tight sensor-skull coupling and had been validated. For elite players, video footage of two international matches were analysed. Video from both cohorts were analysed using identical criteria for comparison of head acceleration kinematics across cohorts. The instrumented mouthguard system recorded 73 verified and low-pass filtered head acceleration events (HAEs) in collegiate players, with median peak linear and rotational accelerations of 11.9 g (interquartile range (IQR 7.3) and 4291.7 rad/s2 (IQR 646.9), respectively. Collegiate players experienced twice the number of HAEs per playing minute compared to elite players. Whiplash-style kinematics not previously documented in androcentric data were observed in both cohorts. As players fell, muscular control of the neck was often lost, resulting in a whiplash motion of the head hitting the ground. These kinematics were evident in 31.5% of collegiate and 4.2% of elite contact events, and likely resulted from poor neck strength and fall technique. Indeed, as world ranking of elite teams increased, incidence of whiplash-style kinematics decreased. Overall, these findings highlight distinct sexual dimorphisms in head acceleration kinematics. It is therefore necessary to understand female-specific head kinematics for the development of mitigation strategies. E-Thesis Swansea Head impact, telemetry, rugby, concussion 8 3 2021 2021-03-08 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Williams, Elisabeth M. Master of Research MSc by Research KESS2 & Keytree Ltd 2022-03-28T16:48:26.8949377 2022-03-28T16:35:56.0753459 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised FREJA PETRIE 1 59721__23699__c5684de3728e493bb8f29bb1f869f41d.pdf Petrie_Freja_J_MSc_Research_Thesis_Final_Redacted_Signature.pdf 2022-03-28T16:42:38.2331473 Output 1488405 application/pdf E-Thesis – open access true Copyright: The author, Freja J. Petrie, 2021. true eng
title Analysis of Head Acceleration Kinematics in Collegiate and Elite Women’s Rugby Union
spellingShingle Analysis of Head Acceleration Kinematics in Collegiate and Elite Women’s Rugby Union
FREJA PETRIE
title_short Analysis of Head Acceleration Kinematics in Collegiate and Elite Women’s Rugby Union
title_full Analysis of Head Acceleration Kinematics in Collegiate and Elite Women’s Rugby Union
title_fullStr Analysis of Head Acceleration Kinematics in Collegiate and Elite Women’s Rugby Union
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of Head Acceleration Kinematics in Collegiate and Elite Women’s Rugby Union
title_sort Analysis of Head Acceleration Kinematics in Collegiate and Elite Women’s Rugby Union
author_id_str_mv 51b8facc1e2d23b49333f32701ff69f8
author_id_fullname_str_mv 51b8facc1e2d23b49333f32701ff69f8_***_FREJA PETRIE
author FREJA PETRIE
author2 FREJA PETRIE
format E-Thesis
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Women are 1.4 times more likely to suffer concussion in collegiate sports than men. Despite this, the concussion protocols used in women’s rugby union are derived almost exclusively from androcentric data. However, androcentric data has limited generalisability to women due to sexual dimorphisms within axonal structure, cervical anatomy and stabilising cervical musculature. These anatomical and functional differences may result in female head acceleration kinematics differing from those reported in androcentric data. Therefore, the study aim was to identify female-specific head acceleration kinematics in elite and collegiate women’s rugby union. In the collegiate players, instrumented mouthguards (Protecht™, SWA Ltd, Swansea, UK) were used alongside video footage to quantify head acceleration during matches. These mouthguards employed tight sensor-skull coupling and had been validated. For elite players, video footage of two international matches were analysed. Video from both cohorts were analysed using identical criteria for comparison of head acceleration kinematics across cohorts. The instrumented mouthguard system recorded 73 verified and low-pass filtered head acceleration events (HAEs) in collegiate players, with median peak linear and rotational accelerations of 11.9 g (interquartile range (IQR 7.3) and 4291.7 rad/s2 (IQR 646.9), respectively. Collegiate players experienced twice the number of HAEs per playing minute compared to elite players. Whiplash-style kinematics not previously documented in androcentric data were observed in both cohorts. As players fell, muscular control of the neck was often lost, resulting in a whiplash motion of the head hitting the ground. These kinematics were evident in 31.5% of collegiate and 4.2% of elite contact events, and likely resulted from poor neck strength and fall technique. Indeed, as world ranking of elite teams increased, incidence of whiplash-style kinematics decreased. Overall, these findings highlight distinct sexual dimorphisms in head acceleration kinematics. It is therefore necessary to understand female-specific head kinematics for the development of mitigation strategies.
published_date 2021-03-08T04:17:14Z
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score 11.036706

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