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Geometric Control of Universal Hydrodynamic Flow in a Two-Dimensional Electron Fluid

Aydın Cem Keser, Daisy Q. Wang Orcid Logo, Oleh Klochan, Derek Y. H. Ho, Olga A. Tkachenko, Vitaly A. Tkachenko, Dimitrie Culcer, Shaffique Adam Orcid Logo, Ian Farrer Orcid Logo, David Ritchie Orcid Logo, Oleg P. Sushkov, Alexander R. Hamilton Orcid Logo

Physical Review X, Volume: 11, Issue: 3

Swansea University Author: David Ritchie Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1103/physrevx.11.031030

Abstract

Fluid dynamics is one of the cornerstones of modern physics and has recently found applications in the transport of electrons in solids. In most solids, electron transport is dominated by extrinsic factors, such as sample geometry and scattering from impurities. However, in the hydrodynamic regime,...

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Published in: Physical Review X
ISSN: 2160-3308
Published: American Physical Society (APS) 2021
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa60433
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However, in the hydrodynamic regime, Coulomb interactions transform the electron motion from independent particles to the collective motion of a viscous &#x201C;electron fluid.&#x201D; The fluid viscosity is an intrinsic property of the electron system, determined solely by the electron-electron interactions. Resolving the universal intrinsic viscosity is challenging, as it affects the resistance only through interactions with the sample boundaries, whose roughness not only is unknown but also varies from device to device. Here, we eliminate all unknown parameters by fabricating samples with smooth sidewalls to achieve the perfect slip boundary condition, which has been elusive in both molecular fluids and electronic systems. We engineer the device geometry to create viscous dissipation and reveal the true intrinsic hydrodynamic properties of a 2D system. We observe a clear transition from ballistic to hydrodynamic electron motion, driven by both temperature and magnetic field. 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spelling 2022-10-28T15:46:24.2447908 v2 60433 2022-07-09 Geometric Control of Universal Hydrodynamic Flow in a Two-Dimensional Electron Fluid e943ea127ff7b7771c2b27c15b96c6fa 0000-0002-9844-8350 David Ritchie David Ritchie true false 2022-07-09 SPH Fluid dynamics is one of the cornerstones of modern physics and has recently found applications in the transport of electrons in solids. In most solids, electron transport is dominated by extrinsic factors, such as sample geometry and scattering from impurities. However, in the hydrodynamic regime, Coulomb interactions transform the electron motion from independent particles to the collective motion of a viscous “electron fluid.” The fluid viscosity is an intrinsic property of the electron system, determined solely by the electron-electron interactions. Resolving the universal intrinsic viscosity is challenging, as it affects the resistance only through interactions with the sample boundaries, whose roughness not only is unknown but also varies from device to device. Here, we eliminate all unknown parameters by fabricating samples with smooth sidewalls to achieve the perfect slip boundary condition, which has been elusive in both molecular fluids and electronic systems. We engineer the device geometry to create viscous dissipation and reveal the true intrinsic hydrodynamic properties of a 2D system. We observe a clear transition from ballistic to hydrodynamic electron motion, driven by both temperature and magnetic field. We directly measure the viscosity and electron-electron scattering lifetime (the Fermi quasiparticle lifetime) over a wide temperature range without fitting parameters and show they have a strong dependence on electron density that cannot be explained by conventional theories based on the random phase approximation. Journal Article Physical Review X 11 3 American Physical Society (APS) 2160-3308 6 8 2021 2021-08-06 10.1103/physrevx.11.031030 COLLEGE NANME Physics COLLEGE CODE SPH Swansea University This work was supported by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Future LowEnergy Electronics Technologies (CE170100039). D. A. R. acknowledges support from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, United Kingdom (EP/K004077/1). 2022-10-28T15:46:24.2447908 2022-07-09T15:52:22.9406776 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics Aydın Cem Keser 1 Daisy Q. Wang 0000-0003-0368-2062 2 Oleh Klochan 3 Derek Y. H. Ho 4 Olga A. Tkachenko 5 Vitaly A. Tkachenko 6 Dimitrie Culcer 7 Shaffique Adam 0000-0002-3095-9920 8 Ian Farrer 0000-0002-3033-4306 9 David Ritchie 0000-0002-9844-8350 10 Oleg P. Sushkov 11 Alexander R. Hamilton 0000-0001-7484-3738 12 60433__24555__42c3e677fc4347e5b7077b2d9abec363.pdf 60433_VoR.pdf 2022-07-12T14:41:38.5393555 Output 2048033 application/pdf Version of Record true Released under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Geometric Control of Universal Hydrodynamic Flow in a Two-Dimensional Electron Fluid
spellingShingle Geometric Control of Universal Hydrodynamic Flow in a Two-Dimensional Electron Fluid
David Ritchie
title_short Geometric Control of Universal Hydrodynamic Flow in a Two-Dimensional Electron Fluid
title_full Geometric Control of Universal Hydrodynamic Flow in a Two-Dimensional Electron Fluid
title_fullStr Geometric Control of Universal Hydrodynamic Flow in a Two-Dimensional Electron Fluid
title_full_unstemmed Geometric Control of Universal Hydrodynamic Flow in a Two-Dimensional Electron Fluid
title_sort Geometric Control of Universal Hydrodynamic Flow in a Two-Dimensional Electron Fluid
author_id_str_mv e943ea127ff7b7771c2b27c15b96c6fa
author_id_fullname_str_mv e943ea127ff7b7771c2b27c15b96c6fa_***_David Ritchie
author David Ritchie
author2 Aydın Cem Keser
Daisy Q. Wang
Oleh Klochan
Derek Y. H. Ho
Olga A. Tkachenko
Vitaly A. Tkachenko
Dimitrie Culcer
Shaffique Adam
Ian Farrer
David Ritchie
Oleg P. Sushkov
Alexander R. Hamilton
format Journal article
container_title Physical Review X
container_volume 11
container_issue 3
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
issn 2160-3308
doi_str_mv 10.1103/physrevx.11.031030
publisher American Physical Society (APS)
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Fluid dynamics is one of the cornerstones of modern physics and has recently found applications in the transport of electrons in solids. In most solids, electron transport is dominated by extrinsic factors, such as sample geometry and scattering from impurities. However, in the hydrodynamic regime, Coulomb interactions transform the electron motion from independent particles to the collective motion of a viscous “electron fluid.” The fluid viscosity is an intrinsic property of the electron system, determined solely by the electron-electron interactions. Resolving the universal intrinsic viscosity is challenging, as it affects the resistance only through interactions with the sample boundaries, whose roughness not only is unknown but also varies from device to device. Here, we eliminate all unknown parameters by fabricating samples with smooth sidewalls to achieve the perfect slip boundary condition, which has been elusive in both molecular fluids and electronic systems. We engineer the device geometry to create viscous dissipation and reveal the true intrinsic hydrodynamic properties of a 2D system. We observe a clear transition from ballistic to hydrodynamic electron motion, driven by both temperature and magnetic field. We directly measure the viscosity and electron-electron scattering lifetime (the Fermi quasiparticle lifetime) over a wide temperature range without fitting parameters and show they have a strong dependence on electron density that cannot be explained by conventional theories based on the random phase approximation.
published_date 2021-08-06T04:18:32Z
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