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Characteristics of people living with undiagnosed dementia: findings from the CFAS Wales study

Laura D. Gamble, Fiona E. Matthews, Ian R. Jones, Alex Hillman, Bob Woods, Catherine A. Macleod, Anthony Martyr, Rachel Collins, Claire Pentecost, Jennifer M. Rusted, Linda Clare

BMC Geriatrics, Volume: 22, Issue: 1

Swansea University Author: Alex Hillman

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DOI (Published version): 10.1186/s12877-022-03086-4

Abstract

BackgroundMany people living with dementia remain undiagnosed, with diagnosis usually occurring long after signs and symptoms are present. A timely diagnosis is important for the wellbeing of the person living with dementia and the family, allowing them to plan and have access to support services so...

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Published in: BMC Geriatrics
ISSN: 1471-2318
Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa60747
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The aim of this study was to identify demographic characteristics and neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with being undiagnosed, which may help clinicians be more aware of signs that could be indicative of early-stage or undetected dementia.MethodsThis cross-sectional study uses data from waves 1 and 2 (two years apart) of the Cognitive Function and Ageing Studies Wales (CFAS Wales). CFAS Wales participants were included who had a study assessment of dementia, as determined by the Automated Geriatric Examination for Computer Assisted Taxonomy (AGECAT) algorithm and by expert assessment, and who had had their primary care records checked for a clinical diagnosis of dementia. We identified 19 people with a diagnosis of dementia and 105 people living with undiagnosed dementia, and explored demographic characteristics and the presence or absence of a range of neuropsychiatric symptoms in the undiagnosed population using logistic regression.ResultsFindings suggest that people living with dementia who have better cognition, have more years of education, or live in more deprived areas are less likely to have a diagnosis. In terms of neuropsychiatric symptoms, depression and sleep problems were associated with being undiagnosed. Apathy was common across all people living with dementia, but those with a diagnosis were more likely to have severe apathy.ConclusionsThis study has clinical practice implications as the findings may help clinicians be more aware of characteristics and symptoms of people who are undiagnosed or who are at greater risk of remaining undiagnosed, enabling them to be more vigilant in picking up signs of dementia at an earlier stage.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>BMC Geriatrics</journal><volume>22</volume><journalNumber>1</journalNumber><paginationStart/><paginationEnd/><publisher>Springer Science and Business Media LLC</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint/><issnElectronic>1471-2318</issnElectronic><keywords>Alzheimer&#x2019;s, Depression, Sleep, Apathy, Hallucinations, Neuropsychiatric symptoms, Diagnosis</keywords><publishedDay>10</publishedDay><publishedMonth>5</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2022</publishedYear><publishedDate>2022-05-10</publishedDate><doi>10.1186/s12877-022-03086-4</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Criminology, Sociology and Social Policy</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>CSSP</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><funders>The CFAS Wales study was supported by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) through grant number RES_060-25&#x2013;0060. Investigators: R.T. Woods, K. Bennett, C. Brayne, V. Burholt, L. Clare, F. Matthews, C. McCracken, J. Phillips, and G. Windle. ESRC is part of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI). This report is independent research supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the ESRC or the UKRI. The support of ESRC and NIHR is gratefully acknowledged.</funders><projectreference/><lastEdited>2022-08-25T14:11:36.2804494</lastEdited><Created>2022-08-05T12:43:14.1884195</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences</level><level id="2">School of Health and Social Care - Public Health</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Laura D.</firstname><surname>Gamble</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Fiona E.</firstname><surname>Matthews</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Ian R.</firstname><surname>Jones</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Alex</firstname><surname>Hillman</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Bob</firstname><surname>Woods</surname><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Catherine A.</firstname><surname>Macleod</surname><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>Anthony</firstname><surname>Martyr</surname><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>Rachel</firstname><surname>Collins</surname><order>8</order></author><author><firstname>Claire</firstname><surname>Pentecost</surname><order>9</order></author><author><firstname>Jennifer M.</firstname><surname>Rusted</surname><order>10</order></author><author><firstname>Linda</firstname><surname>Clare</surname><order>11</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>60747__24869__f3f81e985b684bff95c93a6dbcde2333.pdf</filename><originalFilename>60747.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2022-08-05T12:51:13.0186808</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>785804</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</documentNotes><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect><language>eng</language><licence>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</licence></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling 2022-08-25T14:11:36.2804494 v2 60747 2022-08-05 Characteristics of people living with undiagnosed dementia: findings from the CFAS Wales study f11d092bdec20565cc6c7ef500084caf Alex Hillman Alex Hillman true false 2022-08-05 CSSP BackgroundMany people living with dementia remain undiagnosed, with diagnosis usually occurring long after signs and symptoms are present. A timely diagnosis is important for the wellbeing of the person living with dementia and the family, allowing them to plan and have access to support services sooner. The aim of this study was to identify demographic characteristics and neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with being undiagnosed, which may help clinicians be more aware of signs that could be indicative of early-stage or undetected dementia.MethodsThis cross-sectional study uses data from waves 1 and 2 (two years apart) of the Cognitive Function and Ageing Studies Wales (CFAS Wales). CFAS Wales participants were included who had a study assessment of dementia, as determined by the Automated Geriatric Examination for Computer Assisted Taxonomy (AGECAT) algorithm and by expert assessment, and who had had their primary care records checked for a clinical diagnosis of dementia. We identified 19 people with a diagnosis of dementia and 105 people living with undiagnosed dementia, and explored demographic characteristics and the presence or absence of a range of neuropsychiatric symptoms in the undiagnosed population using logistic regression.ResultsFindings suggest that people living with dementia who have better cognition, have more years of education, or live in more deprived areas are less likely to have a diagnosis. In terms of neuropsychiatric symptoms, depression and sleep problems were associated with being undiagnosed. Apathy was common across all people living with dementia, but those with a diagnosis were more likely to have severe apathy.ConclusionsThis study has clinical practice implications as the findings may help clinicians be more aware of characteristics and symptoms of people who are undiagnosed or who are at greater risk of remaining undiagnosed, enabling them to be more vigilant in picking up signs of dementia at an earlier stage. Journal Article BMC Geriatrics 22 1 Springer Science and Business Media LLC 1471-2318 Alzheimer’s, Depression, Sleep, Apathy, Hallucinations, Neuropsychiatric symptoms, Diagnosis 10 5 2022 2022-05-10 10.1186/s12877-022-03086-4 COLLEGE NANME Criminology, Sociology and Social Policy COLLEGE CODE CSSP Swansea University The CFAS Wales study was supported by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) through grant number RES_060-25–0060. Investigators: R.T. Woods, K. Bennett, C. Brayne, V. Burholt, L. Clare, F. Matthews, C. McCracken, J. Phillips, and G. Windle. ESRC is part of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI). This report is independent research supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the ESRC or the UKRI. The support of ESRC and NIHR is gratefully acknowledged. 2022-08-25T14:11:36.2804494 2022-08-05T12:43:14.1884195 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Health and Social Care - Public Health Laura D. Gamble 1 Fiona E. Matthews 2 Ian R. Jones 3 Alex Hillman 4 Bob Woods 5 Catherine A. Macleod 6 Anthony Martyr 7 Rachel Collins 8 Claire Pentecost 9 Jennifer M. Rusted 10 Linda Clare 11 60747__24869__f3f81e985b684bff95c93a6dbcde2333.pdf 60747.pdf 2022-08-05T12:51:13.0186808 Output 785804 application/pdf Version of Record true This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Characteristics of people living with undiagnosed dementia: findings from the CFAS Wales study
spellingShingle Characteristics of people living with undiagnosed dementia: findings from the CFAS Wales study
Alex Hillman
title_short Characteristics of people living with undiagnosed dementia: findings from the CFAS Wales study
title_full Characteristics of people living with undiagnosed dementia: findings from the CFAS Wales study
title_fullStr Characteristics of people living with undiagnosed dementia: findings from the CFAS Wales study
title_full_unstemmed Characteristics of people living with undiagnosed dementia: findings from the CFAS Wales study
title_sort Characteristics of people living with undiagnosed dementia: findings from the CFAS Wales study
author_id_str_mv f11d092bdec20565cc6c7ef500084caf
author_id_fullname_str_mv f11d092bdec20565cc6c7ef500084caf_***_Alex Hillman
author Alex Hillman
author2 Laura D. Gamble
Fiona E. Matthews
Ian R. Jones
Alex Hillman
Bob Woods
Catherine A. Macleod
Anthony Martyr
Rachel Collins
Claire Pentecost
Jennifer M. Rusted
Linda Clare
format Journal article
container_title BMC Geriatrics
container_volume 22
container_issue 1
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 1471-2318
doi_str_mv 10.1186/s12877-022-03086-4
publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str School of Health and Social Care - Public Health{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Health and Social Care - Public Health
document_store_str 1
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description BackgroundMany people living with dementia remain undiagnosed, with diagnosis usually occurring long after signs and symptoms are present. A timely diagnosis is important for the wellbeing of the person living with dementia and the family, allowing them to plan and have access to support services sooner. The aim of this study was to identify demographic characteristics and neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with being undiagnosed, which may help clinicians be more aware of signs that could be indicative of early-stage or undetected dementia.MethodsThis cross-sectional study uses data from waves 1 and 2 (two years apart) of the Cognitive Function and Ageing Studies Wales (CFAS Wales). CFAS Wales participants were included who had a study assessment of dementia, as determined by the Automated Geriatric Examination for Computer Assisted Taxonomy (AGECAT) algorithm and by expert assessment, and who had had their primary care records checked for a clinical diagnosis of dementia. We identified 19 people with a diagnosis of dementia and 105 people living with undiagnosed dementia, and explored demographic characteristics and the presence or absence of a range of neuropsychiatric symptoms in the undiagnosed population using logistic regression.ResultsFindings suggest that people living with dementia who have better cognition, have more years of education, or live in more deprived areas are less likely to have a diagnosis. In terms of neuropsychiatric symptoms, depression and sleep problems were associated with being undiagnosed. Apathy was common across all people living with dementia, but those with a diagnosis were more likely to have severe apathy.ConclusionsThis study has clinical practice implications as the findings may help clinicians be more aware of characteristics and symptoms of people who are undiagnosed or who are at greater risk of remaining undiagnosed, enabling them to be more vigilant in picking up signs of dementia at an earlier stage.
published_date 2022-05-10T04:19:07Z
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