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Treatment of mine water for the fast removal of zinc and lead by wood ash amended biochar

Stuart Cairns, STUART CAIRNS, Aaron Todd, Iain Robertson Orcid Logo, Patrick Byrne, Tom Dunlop Orcid Logo

Environmental Science: Advances, Volume: 1, Pages: 506 - 516

Swansea University Authors: Stuart Cairns, STUART CAIRNS, Iain Robertson Orcid Logo, Tom Dunlop Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1039/d2va00085g

Abstract

Lead and zinc mines are a primary source of environmental (post)-transition metal contamination resulting in major water pollution. In this study, the use of biochar amended with wood ash (WAS) was evaluated as a method to remediate zinc and lead contaminated mine water. Water from Nantymwyn lead mi...

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Published in: Environmental Science: Advances
ISSN: 2754-7000
Published: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa60891
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spelling v2 60891 2022-08-26 Treatment of mine water for the fast removal of zinc and lead by wood ash amended biochar 3dd30d7102f5527fa2461e8930f9e40a Stuart Cairns Stuart Cairns true false 30793e6e3c5175f8f9ced898770fe297 STUART CAIRNS STUART CAIRNS true false ef8912c57e0140e9ecb2a69b7e34467e 0000-0001-7174-4523 Iain Robertson Iain Robertson true false 809395460ab1e6b53a906b136d919c41 0000-0002-5851-8713 Tom Dunlop Tom Dunlop true false 2022-08-26 BGPS Lead and zinc mines are a primary source of environmental (post)-transition metal contamination resulting in major water pollution. In this study, the use of biochar amended with wood ash (WAS) was evaluated as a method to remediate zinc and lead contaminated mine water. Water from Nantymwyn lead mine, with zinc and lead concentrations as high as 12.1 mg L−1 and 1.7 mg L−1 respectively was used. The contact time for WAS to immobilise zinc and lead (1 min to 24 h), immobilisation mechanisms and maximum measured removal of lead and zinc were studied. FTIR spectroscopy and XPS was used to characterise WAS and the aqueous modelling program PHREEQC (pH redox equilibrium) was used to analyse mine water speciation. The fast removal performance of a biochar is a key indicator of its viability to be used as a green remediator. If the required contact time to remediate contaminated water is too long the sorbent becomes impractical. This study demonstrated that WAS removed 97% of zinc and 86% of lead within the first minute of contact with the mine water (0.5 g of WAS per 20 mL of mine water), with a maximum measured removal of 14.8 mg g−1 for zinc and 23.7 mg g−1 for lead (using 0.1–0.002 g of WAS per 40 mL of mine water). Fast removal was primarily a result of precipitation, and subsequent capture by WAS, and ion exchange. These findings show that WAS has the potential to be scaled up and deployed at mine sites to remediate contaminated water. Journal Article Environmental Science: Advances 1 506 516 Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) 2754-7000 12 8 2022 2022-08-12 10.1039/d2va00085g Erratum: Treatment of mine water for the fast removal of zinc and lead by wood ash amended biochar (Environmental Science: Advances (2022) 1 (506-516) DOI: 10.1039/d2va00085g)Environmental Science: Advances, Volume 1, Issue 5, Pages 862 - 863, 1 December 2022 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences Geography and Physics School COLLEGE CODE BGPS Swansea University SU College/Department paid the OA fee Knowledge Economy Skills Scholarships (KESS) is a pan-Wales higher level skills initiative led by Bangor University on behalf of the HE sector in Wales. It is part funded by the Welsh Government's European Social Fund (ESF) convergence programme for West Wales and the Valleys. This work is part funded by the Welsh Government's European Social Fund (ESF) convergence programme for West Wales and the Valleys. The authors thank Richard Haine (Frog Environmental), Sion Brackenbury (TerrAffix Soil Solutions), Peter Lanfear (TerrAffix Soil Solutions) and Dr Ian Mabbett (Swansea University) for their continued support. 2024-09-09T13:41:19.9076490 2022-08-26T23:58:53.8718760 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography Stuart Cairns 1 STUART CAIRNS 2 Aaron Todd 3 Iain Robertson 0000-0001-7174-4523 4 Patrick Byrne 5 Tom Dunlop 0000-0002-5851-8713 6 60891__25203__c1af580151d94001ab3c050d2c40a425.pdf 60891_VoR.pdf 2022-09-23T12:56:03.3338700 Output 1125092 application/pdf Version of Record true This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
title Treatment of mine water for the fast removal of zinc and lead by wood ash amended biochar
spellingShingle Treatment of mine water for the fast removal of zinc and lead by wood ash amended biochar
Stuart Cairns
STUART CAIRNS
Iain Robertson
Tom Dunlop
title_short Treatment of mine water for the fast removal of zinc and lead by wood ash amended biochar
title_full Treatment of mine water for the fast removal of zinc and lead by wood ash amended biochar
title_fullStr Treatment of mine water for the fast removal of zinc and lead by wood ash amended biochar
title_full_unstemmed Treatment of mine water for the fast removal of zinc and lead by wood ash amended biochar
title_sort Treatment of mine water for the fast removal of zinc and lead by wood ash amended biochar
author_id_str_mv 3dd30d7102f5527fa2461e8930f9e40a
30793e6e3c5175f8f9ced898770fe297
ef8912c57e0140e9ecb2a69b7e34467e
809395460ab1e6b53a906b136d919c41
author_id_fullname_str_mv 3dd30d7102f5527fa2461e8930f9e40a_***_Stuart Cairns
30793e6e3c5175f8f9ced898770fe297_***_STUART CAIRNS
ef8912c57e0140e9ecb2a69b7e34467e_***_Iain Robertson
809395460ab1e6b53a906b136d919c41_***_Tom Dunlop
author Stuart Cairns
STUART CAIRNS
Iain Robertson
Tom Dunlop
author2 Stuart Cairns
STUART CAIRNS
Aaron Todd
Iain Robertson
Patrick Byrne
Tom Dunlop
format Journal article
container_title Environmental Science: Advances
container_volume 1
container_start_page 506
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 2754-7000
doi_str_mv 10.1039/d2va00085g
publisher Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Lead and zinc mines are a primary source of environmental (post)-transition metal contamination resulting in major water pollution. In this study, the use of biochar amended with wood ash (WAS) was evaluated as a method to remediate zinc and lead contaminated mine water. Water from Nantymwyn lead mine, with zinc and lead concentrations as high as 12.1 mg L−1 and 1.7 mg L−1 respectively was used. The contact time for WAS to immobilise zinc and lead (1 min to 24 h), immobilisation mechanisms and maximum measured removal of lead and zinc were studied. FTIR spectroscopy and XPS was used to characterise WAS and the aqueous modelling program PHREEQC (pH redox equilibrium) was used to analyse mine water speciation. The fast removal performance of a biochar is a key indicator of its viability to be used as a green remediator. If the required contact time to remediate contaminated water is too long the sorbent becomes impractical. This study demonstrated that WAS removed 97% of zinc and 86% of lead within the first minute of contact with the mine water (0.5 g of WAS per 20 mL of mine water), with a maximum measured removal of 14.8 mg g−1 for zinc and 23.7 mg g−1 for lead (using 0.1–0.002 g of WAS per 40 mL of mine water). Fast removal was primarily a result of precipitation, and subsequent capture by WAS, and ion exchange. These findings show that WAS has the potential to be scaled up and deployed at mine sites to remediate contaminated water.
published_date 2022-08-12T13:41:18Z
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score 11.03559

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