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The extinct shark Otodus megalodon was a transoceanic superpredator: Inferences from 3D modeling

Jack A. Cooper Orcid Logo, John R. Hutchinson Orcid Logo, David C. Bernvi, Geremy Cliff Orcid Logo, Rory Wilson Orcid Logo, Matt L. Dicken, Jan Menzel, Stephen Wroe Orcid Logo, Jeanette Pirlo Orcid Logo, Catalina Pimiento Orcid Logo

Science Advances, Volume: 8, Issue: 33

Swansea University Authors: Rory Wilson Orcid Logo, Catalina Pimiento Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1126/sciadv.abm9424

Abstract

Although shark teeth are abundant in the fossil record, their bodies are rarely preserved. Thus, our understanding of the anatomy of the extinct Otodus megalodon remains rudimentary. We used an exceptionally well-preserved fossil to create the first three-dimensional model of the body of this giant...

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Published in: Science Advances
ISSN: 2375-2548
Published: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa60964
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spelling 2022-09-21T13:05:12.0995076 v2 60964 2022-08-30 The extinct shark Otodus megalodon was a transoceanic superpredator: Inferences from 3D modeling 017bc6dd155098860945dc6249c4e9bc 0000-0003-3177-0177 Rory Wilson Rory Wilson true false 7dd222e2a1d5971b3f3963f0501a9d4f 0000-0002-5320-7246 Catalina Pimiento Catalina Pimiento true false 2022-08-30 SBI Although shark teeth are abundant in the fossil record, their bodies are rarely preserved. Thus, our understanding of the anatomy of the extinct Otodus megalodon remains rudimentary. We used an exceptionally well-preserved fossil to create the first three-dimensional model of the body of this giant shark and used it to infer its movement and feeding ecology. We estimate that an adult O. megalodon could cruise at faster absolute speeds than any shark species today and fully consume prey the size of modern apex predators. A dietary preference for large prey potentially enabled O. megalodon to minimize competition and provided a constant source of energy to fuel prolonged migrations without further feeding. Together, our results suggest that O. megalodon played an important ecological role as a transoceanic superpredator. Hence, its extinction likely had large impacts on global nutrient transfer and trophic food webs. Journal Article Science Advances 8 33 American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) 2375-2548 17 8 2022 2022-08-17 10.1126/sciadv.abm9424 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences COLLEGE CODE SBI Swansea University This research was funded by a PRIMA grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation (no. 185798), a European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme (Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 663830), and an Alexander von Humboldt Foundation fellowship to C.P.; an ERC Horizon 2020 Advanced Investigator Grant (no. 695517) to J.R.H.; and a PhD studentship from the Fisheries Society of the British Isles to J.A.C. 2022-09-21T13:05:12.0995076 2022-08-30T11:10:52.3188172 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences Jack A. Cooper 0000-0003-2252-4983 1 John R. Hutchinson 0000-0002-6767-7038 2 David C. Bernvi 3 Geremy Cliff 0000-0003-1790-6055 4 Rory Wilson 0000-0003-3177-0177 5 Matt L. Dicken 6 Jan Menzel 7 Stephen Wroe 0000-0002-6365-5915 8 Jeanette Pirlo 0000-0002-1282-5259 9 Catalina Pimiento 0000-0002-5320-7246 10 60964__25177__bbe42c42b5ff4d8ea0580e7a246e40e2.pdf 60964_VoR.pdf 2022-09-21T13:03:08.9373246 Output 309451 application/pdf Version of Record true Copyright © 2022 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S.Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC). true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
title The extinct shark Otodus megalodon was a transoceanic superpredator: Inferences from 3D modeling
spellingShingle The extinct shark Otodus megalodon was a transoceanic superpredator: Inferences from 3D modeling
Rory Wilson
Catalina Pimiento
title_short The extinct shark Otodus megalodon was a transoceanic superpredator: Inferences from 3D modeling
title_full The extinct shark Otodus megalodon was a transoceanic superpredator: Inferences from 3D modeling
title_fullStr The extinct shark Otodus megalodon was a transoceanic superpredator: Inferences from 3D modeling
title_full_unstemmed The extinct shark Otodus megalodon was a transoceanic superpredator: Inferences from 3D modeling
title_sort The extinct shark Otodus megalodon was a transoceanic superpredator: Inferences from 3D modeling
author_id_str_mv 017bc6dd155098860945dc6249c4e9bc
7dd222e2a1d5971b3f3963f0501a9d4f
author_id_fullname_str_mv 017bc6dd155098860945dc6249c4e9bc_***_Rory Wilson
7dd222e2a1d5971b3f3963f0501a9d4f_***_Catalina Pimiento
author Rory Wilson
Catalina Pimiento
author2 Jack A. Cooper
John R. Hutchinson
David C. Bernvi
Geremy Cliff
Rory Wilson
Matt L. Dicken
Jan Menzel
Stephen Wroe
Jeanette Pirlo
Catalina Pimiento
format Journal article
container_title Science Advances
container_volume 8
container_issue 33
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 2375-2548
doi_str_mv 10.1126/sciadv.abm9424
publisher American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences
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description Although shark teeth are abundant in the fossil record, their bodies are rarely preserved. Thus, our understanding of the anatomy of the extinct Otodus megalodon remains rudimentary. We used an exceptionally well-preserved fossil to create the first three-dimensional model of the body of this giant shark and used it to infer its movement and feeding ecology. We estimate that an adult O. megalodon could cruise at faster absolute speeds than any shark species today and fully consume prey the size of modern apex predators. A dietary preference for large prey potentially enabled O. megalodon to minimize competition and provided a constant source of energy to fuel prolonged migrations without further feeding. Together, our results suggest that O. megalodon played an important ecological role as a transoceanic superpredator. Hence, its extinction likely had large impacts on global nutrient transfer and trophic food webs.
published_date 2022-08-17T04:19:30Z
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