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Diversification dynamics of chameleons (Chamaeleonidae)

S. A. W. Giles, Kevin Arbuckle Orcid Logo

Journal of Zoology, Volume: 318, Issue: 4, Pages: 241 - 252

Swansea University Author: Kevin Arbuckle Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1111/jzo.13019

Abstract

Chameleons are charismatic and common lizards across Madagascar, Africa, and some surrounding regions. Little is known about their diversification dynamics and how this relates to their ecology, so we estimated diversification rate variation and consider this in the context of three hypotheses previ...

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Published in: Journal of Zoology
ISSN: 0952-8369 1469-7998
Published: Wiley 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa61016
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spelling 2023-01-05T13:11:59.4209080 v2 61016 2022-09-05 Diversification dynamics of chameleons (Chamaeleonidae) d1775d20b12e430869cc7be5d7d4a27e 0000-0002-9171-5874 Kevin Arbuckle Kevin Arbuckle true false 2022-09-05 SBI Chameleons are charismatic and common lizards across Madagascar, Africa, and some surrounding regions. Little is known about their diversification dynamics and how this relates to their ecology, so we estimated diversification rate variation and consider this in the context of three hypotheses previously proposed in the literature. First, that the transoceanic dispersal from Africa to Madagascar on two separate occasions has resulted in fast radiation of Malagasy chameleons. Second, that the substantial floral turnover in their distributions within South Africa has resulted in rapid radiations of the endemic dwarf chameleons (Bradypodion). Finally, that the evolution of distinct ecomorphs of chameleon has fuelled fast diversification via adaptive radiations. We use the most recent and complete phylogeny of chameleons to estimate the diversification dynamics of the group using three methods: BAMM (which estimates constant or gradually changing diversification regimes and tests for shifts in these), MEDUSA (which tests for rate shifts in particular clades), and ClaDS (which estimates branch-specific diversification rates). Our results from all analyses estimate a diversification rate increase in a clade containing most of the genus Bradypodion, a group containing the South African dwarf chameleons which occur in recognized biodiversity hotspots in diverse habitats. We find no evidence for shifts resulting from dispersal events to Madagascar or related to the strong ecomorphological divergence of short-tailed chameleon lineages (Brookesia, Palleon, Rhampholeon, and Rieppeleon). The single burst of diversification within chameleons was in a clade which was associated with geographic areas which have experienced rapid habitat turnover and vicariance over the last ~10 million years. This suggests that ‘habitat vicariance’ resulting from ecological changes in vegetation has contributed to the diversity of species in this area by increasing diversification rates. Journal Article Journal of Zoology 318 4 241 252 Wiley 0952-8369 1469-7998 Chameleons, Madagascar, diversification, ecology 26 9 2022 2022-09-26 10.1111/jzo.13019 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences COLLEGE CODE SBI Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) 2023-01-05T13:11:59.4209080 2022-09-05T11:31:35.2008836 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences S. A. W. Giles 1 Kevin Arbuckle 0000-0002-9171-5874 2 61016__25232__e9492415e710441d969c5bbc6319c9f5.pdf 61016.VOR.pdf 2022-09-26T15:33:05.8591828 Output 1255535 application/pdf Version of Record true This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercialLicense, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
title Diversification dynamics of chameleons (Chamaeleonidae)
spellingShingle Diversification dynamics of chameleons (Chamaeleonidae)
Kevin Arbuckle
title_short Diversification dynamics of chameleons (Chamaeleonidae)
title_full Diversification dynamics of chameleons (Chamaeleonidae)
title_fullStr Diversification dynamics of chameleons (Chamaeleonidae)
title_full_unstemmed Diversification dynamics of chameleons (Chamaeleonidae)
title_sort Diversification dynamics of chameleons (Chamaeleonidae)
author_id_str_mv d1775d20b12e430869cc7be5d7d4a27e
author_id_fullname_str_mv d1775d20b12e430869cc7be5d7d4a27e_***_Kevin Arbuckle
author Kevin Arbuckle
author2 S. A. W. Giles
Kevin Arbuckle
format Journal article
container_title Journal of Zoology
container_volume 318
container_issue 4
container_start_page 241
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 0952-8369
1469-7998
doi_str_mv 10.1111/jzo.13019
publisher Wiley
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences
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description Chameleons are charismatic and common lizards across Madagascar, Africa, and some surrounding regions. Little is known about their diversification dynamics and how this relates to their ecology, so we estimated diversification rate variation and consider this in the context of three hypotheses previously proposed in the literature. First, that the transoceanic dispersal from Africa to Madagascar on two separate occasions has resulted in fast radiation of Malagasy chameleons. Second, that the substantial floral turnover in their distributions within South Africa has resulted in rapid radiations of the endemic dwarf chameleons (Bradypodion). Finally, that the evolution of distinct ecomorphs of chameleon has fuelled fast diversification via adaptive radiations. We use the most recent and complete phylogeny of chameleons to estimate the diversification dynamics of the group using three methods: BAMM (which estimates constant or gradually changing diversification regimes and tests for shifts in these), MEDUSA (which tests for rate shifts in particular clades), and ClaDS (which estimates branch-specific diversification rates). Our results from all analyses estimate a diversification rate increase in a clade containing most of the genus Bradypodion, a group containing the South African dwarf chameleons which occur in recognized biodiversity hotspots in diverse habitats. We find no evidence for shifts resulting from dispersal events to Madagascar or related to the strong ecomorphological divergence of short-tailed chameleon lineages (Brookesia, Palleon, Rhampholeon, and Rieppeleon). The single burst of diversification within chameleons was in a clade which was associated with geographic areas which have experienced rapid habitat turnover and vicariance over the last ~10 million years. This suggests that ‘habitat vicariance’ resulting from ecological changes in vegetation has contributed to the diversity of species in this area by increasing diversification rates.
published_date 2022-09-26T04:19:36Z
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