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Exploring interindividual differences in fasting and postprandial insulin sensitivity adaptations in response to sprint interval exercise training

Richard Metcalfe Orcid Logo, Brendon J. Gurd, Niels B. J. Vollaard

European Journal of Sport Science, Volume: 23, Issue: 9, Pages: 1 - 11

Swansea University Author: Richard Metcalfe Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1080/17461391.2022.2124385

Abstract

Previous studies have concluded that wide variance in changes in insulin sensitivity markers following exercise training demonstrates heterogeneity in individual trainability. However, these studies frequently don’t account for technical, biological, and random within-subject measurement error. We u...

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Published in: European Journal of Sport Science
ISSN: 1746-1391 1536-7290
Published: Informa UK Limited 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa61180
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spelling v2 61180 2022-09-12 Exploring interindividual differences in fasting and postprandial insulin sensitivity adaptations in response to sprint interval exercise training 9bb783273dd9d54a2f3f66f75c43abdf 0000-0003-0980-2977 Richard Metcalfe Richard Metcalfe true false 2022-09-12 EAAS Previous studies have concluded that wide variance in changes in insulin sensitivity markers following exercise training demonstrates heterogeneity in individual trainability. However, these studies frequently don’t account for technical, biological, and random within-subject measurement error. We used the standard deviation of individual responses (SDIR) to determine whether interindividual variability in trainability exists for fasting and postprandial insulin sensitivity outcomes following low-volume sprint interval training (SIT). We pooled data from 63 untrained participants who completed 6 weeks of SIT (n=49; VO2max: 35 (7) mL⋅kg-1⋅min-1) or acted as no-intervention controls (n=14; VO2max: 34 (6) mL⋅kg-1⋅min-1). Fasting and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)-derived measures of insulin sensitivity were measured pre- and post-intervention. SDIR values were positive and exceeded a small effect size threshold for changes in fasting glucose (SDIR=0.27 [95%CI 0.07,0.38] mmol⋅L-1), 2-h OGTT glucose (SDIR=0.89 [0.22,1.23] mmol⋅L-1), glucose area-under-the-curve (SDIR=66.4 [-81.5,124.3] mmol⋅L-1⋅120min-1) and The Cederholm Index (SDIR=7.2 [-16.0,19.0] mg⋅l2⋅mmol-1⋅mU-1⋅min-1), suggesting meaningful individual responses to SIT, whilst SDIR values were negative for fasting insulin, fasting insulin resistance and insulin AUC. For all variables, the 95% CIs were wide and/or crossed zero, highlighting uncertainty about the existence of true interindividual differences in exercise trainability. Only 2-22% of participants could be classified as responders or non-responders with more than 95% certainty. Our findings demonstrate it cannot be assumed that variation in changes in insulin sensitivity following SIT is attributable to inherent differences in trainability, and reiterate the importance of accounting for technical, biological, and random error when examining heterogeneity in health-related training adaptations. Journal Article European Journal of Sport Science 23 9 1 11 Informa UK Limited 1746-1391 1536-7290 Exercise; training; health; metabolism; physiology 5 11 2022 2022-11-05 10.1080/17461391.2022.2124385 COLLEGE NANME Engineering and Applied Sciences School COLLEGE CODE EAAS Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) 2024-09-16T11:45:53.7500814 2022-09-12T11:38:21.0407291 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences Richard Metcalfe 0000-0003-0980-2977 1 Brendon J. Gurd 2 Niels B. J. Vollaard 3 61180__25840__fef8bd8e42cd4a43a262f515c7e6d974.pdf 61180_VoR.pdf 2022-11-20T13:09:16.6803602 Output 3096970 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2022 The Author(s). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licens true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Exploring interindividual differences in fasting and postprandial insulin sensitivity adaptations in response to sprint interval exercise training
spellingShingle Exploring interindividual differences in fasting and postprandial insulin sensitivity adaptations in response to sprint interval exercise training
Richard Metcalfe
title_short Exploring interindividual differences in fasting and postprandial insulin sensitivity adaptations in response to sprint interval exercise training
title_full Exploring interindividual differences in fasting and postprandial insulin sensitivity adaptations in response to sprint interval exercise training
title_fullStr Exploring interindividual differences in fasting and postprandial insulin sensitivity adaptations in response to sprint interval exercise training
title_full_unstemmed Exploring interindividual differences in fasting and postprandial insulin sensitivity adaptations in response to sprint interval exercise training
title_sort Exploring interindividual differences in fasting and postprandial insulin sensitivity adaptations in response to sprint interval exercise training
author_id_str_mv 9bb783273dd9d54a2f3f66f75c43abdf
author_id_fullname_str_mv 9bb783273dd9d54a2f3f66f75c43abdf_***_Richard Metcalfe
author Richard Metcalfe
author2 Richard Metcalfe
Brendon J. Gurd
Niels B. J. Vollaard
format Journal article
container_title European Journal of Sport Science
container_volume 23
container_issue 9
container_start_page 1
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 1746-1391
1536-7290
doi_str_mv 10.1080/17461391.2022.2124385
publisher Informa UK Limited
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences
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description Previous studies have concluded that wide variance in changes in insulin sensitivity markers following exercise training demonstrates heterogeneity in individual trainability. However, these studies frequently don’t account for technical, biological, and random within-subject measurement error. We used the standard deviation of individual responses (SDIR) to determine whether interindividual variability in trainability exists for fasting and postprandial insulin sensitivity outcomes following low-volume sprint interval training (SIT). We pooled data from 63 untrained participants who completed 6 weeks of SIT (n=49; VO2max: 35 (7) mL⋅kg-1⋅min-1) or acted as no-intervention controls (n=14; VO2max: 34 (6) mL⋅kg-1⋅min-1). Fasting and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)-derived measures of insulin sensitivity were measured pre- and post-intervention. SDIR values were positive and exceeded a small effect size threshold for changes in fasting glucose (SDIR=0.27 [95%CI 0.07,0.38] mmol⋅L-1), 2-h OGTT glucose (SDIR=0.89 [0.22,1.23] mmol⋅L-1), glucose area-under-the-curve (SDIR=66.4 [-81.5,124.3] mmol⋅L-1⋅120min-1) and The Cederholm Index (SDIR=7.2 [-16.0,19.0] mg⋅l2⋅mmol-1⋅mU-1⋅min-1), suggesting meaningful individual responses to SIT, whilst SDIR values were negative for fasting insulin, fasting insulin resistance and insulin AUC. For all variables, the 95% CIs were wide and/or crossed zero, highlighting uncertainty about the existence of true interindividual differences in exercise trainability. Only 2-22% of participants could be classified as responders or non-responders with more than 95% certainty. Our findings demonstrate it cannot be assumed that variation in changes in insulin sensitivity following SIT is attributable to inherent differences in trainability, and reiterate the importance of accounting for technical, biological, and random error when examining heterogeneity in health-related training adaptations.
published_date 2022-11-05T11:45:53Z
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