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The Evolution and Ecology of Translocative Cord-Forming Saprotrophic Fungi

Gemma Woodhouse Woodhouse

Swansea University Author: Gemma Woodhouse Woodhouse

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Abstract

Filamentous Basidiomycete fungi drive the nutrient cycling and decomposition of fallen trees within forest ecosystems. In response to the patchy nature of nutrient availability, certain species of taxonomically diverse fungi use structures of aggregated mycelium – commonly known as cords – to transp...

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Published: Swansea 2022
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa62294
first_indexed 2023-01-10T15:00:01Z
last_indexed 2023-01-13T19:23:38Z
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spelling 2023-01-10T15:04:33.1708729 v2 62294 2023-01-10 The Evolution and Ecology of Translocative Cord-Forming Saprotrophic Fungi 1e933ddb9b4265aef98329bc1ff696a1 Gemma Woodhouse Woodhouse Gemma Woodhouse Woodhouse true false 2023-01-10 BGPS Filamentous Basidiomycete fungi drive the nutrient cycling and decomposition of fallen trees within forest ecosystems. In response to the patchy nature of nutrient availability, certain species of taxonomically diverse fungi use structures of aggregated mycelium – commonly known as cords – to transport nutrients over distance. Mycelial cords have been associated with efficient resource translocation, pigment, and volatile production, which is linked to antagonistic ability and resistance to grazing. The underlying genetic signatures and regulation of cord formation are not known. This study used comparative genomics to examine genetic signatures between fungi with corded and non-corded morphology, using Principal Component Analysis and t-test. Cord formation is a morphology that has independently emerged within the basidiomycete lineages; therefore, it was hypothesised that a genetic signature for the corded lifestyle might be present in genes associated with membrane transporters, CAZymes, peptidases, secondary metabolite clusters, and transcription factors. The Principal Component Analysis and t-test of gene counts between 16 species of fungi (eight cord-forming, eight non-cord forming) representing six orders within the Agaricomycetes showed that higher levels of individual transporters, CAZymes, and peptidases were in the non-cord forming species. The impact of gene complement measurements in trait evolution and ecological trade off implications for fungal colony morphology are discussed. Thesis Swansea Saprotrophic fungi, cords, cord-forming, genomics, CAZymes, transporters, transcription factors, peptidases, secondary metabolite clusters 15 12 2022 2022-12-15 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences Geography and Physics School COLLEGE CODE BGPS Swansea University Eastwood, Dan C. Master of Research MRes 2023-03-31T15:09:24.3513856 2023-01-10T14:57:20.9904117 College of Science Biosciences Gemma Woodhouse Woodhouse 1 62294__26235__6437e48ddc97446fad20eaf3196cf4d2.pdf Woodhouse_Gemma_M_MRes_Thesis_Final_Redacted_Signature.pdf 2023-01-10T15:04:33.1708729 Output 2159960 application/pdf E-Thesis – open access true Copyright: The author, Gemma M. Woodhouse, 2022. true eng
title The Evolution and Ecology of Translocative Cord-Forming Saprotrophic Fungi
spellingShingle The Evolution and Ecology of Translocative Cord-Forming Saprotrophic Fungi
Gemma Woodhouse Woodhouse
title_short The Evolution and Ecology of Translocative Cord-Forming Saprotrophic Fungi
title_full The Evolution and Ecology of Translocative Cord-Forming Saprotrophic Fungi
title_fullStr The Evolution and Ecology of Translocative Cord-Forming Saprotrophic Fungi
title_full_unstemmed The Evolution and Ecology of Translocative Cord-Forming Saprotrophic Fungi
title_sort The Evolution and Ecology of Translocative Cord-Forming Saprotrophic Fungi
author_id_str_mv 1e933ddb9b4265aef98329bc1ff696a1
author_id_fullname_str_mv 1e933ddb9b4265aef98329bc1ff696a1_***_Gemma Woodhouse Woodhouse
author Gemma Woodhouse Woodhouse
author2 Gemma Woodhouse Woodhouse
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publishDate 2022
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hierarchy_top_id collegeofscience
hierarchy_top_title College of Science
hierarchy_parent_id collegeofscience
hierarchy_parent_title College of Science
department_str Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}College of Science{{{_:::_}}}Biosciences
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description Filamentous Basidiomycete fungi drive the nutrient cycling and decomposition of fallen trees within forest ecosystems. In response to the patchy nature of nutrient availability, certain species of taxonomically diverse fungi use structures of aggregated mycelium – commonly known as cords – to transport nutrients over distance. Mycelial cords have been associated with efficient resource translocation, pigment, and volatile production, which is linked to antagonistic ability and resistance to grazing. The underlying genetic signatures and regulation of cord formation are not known. This study used comparative genomics to examine genetic signatures between fungi with corded and non-corded morphology, using Principal Component Analysis and t-test. Cord formation is a morphology that has independently emerged within the basidiomycete lineages; therefore, it was hypothesised that a genetic signature for the corded lifestyle might be present in genes associated with membrane transporters, CAZymes, peptidases, secondary metabolite clusters, and transcription factors. The Principal Component Analysis and t-test of gene counts between 16 species of fungi (eight cord-forming, eight non-cord forming) representing six orders within the Agaricomycetes showed that higher levels of individual transporters, CAZymes, and peptidases were in the non-cord forming species. The impact of gene complement measurements in trait evolution and ecological trade off implications for fungal colony morphology are discussed.
published_date 2022-12-15T14:21:35Z
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score 11.048042

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