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An Overview of the Large-Magnitude (VEI 4) Eruption of Merapi in 2010

Subandriyo, Ralf Gertisser, Nurnaning Aisyah, Hanik Humaida, Katie Preece Orcid Logo, Sylvain Charbonnier, Agus Budi-Santoso, Heather Handley, Sri Sumarti, Dewi Sri Sayudi, I Gusti Made Agung Nandaka, Haryo Edi Wibowo

Merapi Volcano, Pages: 353 - 407

Swansea University Author: Katie Preece Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1007/978-3-031-15040-1_12

Abstract

The VEI 4 eruption in 2010 was the worst volcanic disaster at Merapi in 80 years.The unusual size and dynamics of the eruption, the rapid acceleration of events and the large number of evacuees posed significant challenges for the management of the volcanic crisis and post-eruption recovery. The fir...

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Published in: Merapi Volcano
ISBN: 9783031150395 9783031150401
ISSN: 2195-3589 2195-7029
Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 2023
Online Access: Check full text

URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa62729
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The eruption commenced on 26 October 2010, with initial explosions and associated pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) directed towards the south flank of Merapi. Subsequently, the intensity of the eruption accelerated with rapid lava dome growth and increasing PDC runout, culminating in a climactic eruption phase on 5 November, where blast-like, high-energy PDCs destroyed areas on Merapi&#x2019;s south flank and PDCs reached ~16 km in the Gendol valley. After 5 November, the eruption waned, leading to reductions of the exclusion zone from mid-November 2010 and successive lowering of the alert level from early December 2010. The 2010 eruption was fed by basaltic andesite magma similar to other recent Merapi eruptions, but was driven by a larger than normal influx of deep, volatile-rich magma that replenished the shallower magma system within the carbonate-dominated upper crust beneath Merapi at relatively short timescales. During and after the eruption, lahars swept down almost all major valleys, causing considerably larger impact than after previous eruptions. As a result of the eruption, nearly 400,000 people were displaced from their homes and accommodated in temporary or permanent residences. Tourist activities and sand quarrying of PDC and lahar deposits facilitated post-eruption recovery. Mitigation measures, including strengthening of the volcano monitoring system, establishment of a disaster risk reduction forum, strengthening of community capacity, and preparation of contingency plans for local governments based on hazard scenarios, were all part of the disaster risk reduction strategy that saved many lives during the 2010 eruption crisis.</abstract><type>Book chapter</type><journal>Merapi Volcano</journal><volume/><journalNumber/><paginationStart>353</paginationStart><paginationEnd>407</paginationEnd><publisher>Springer International Publishing</publisher><placeOfPublication>Cham</placeOfPublication><isbnPrint>9783031150395</isbnPrint><isbnElectronic>9783031150401</isbnElectronic><issnPrint>2195-3589</issnPrint><issnElectronic>2195-7029</issnElectronic><keywords>2010 eruption; Eruption chronology; Pyroclastic density currents; Geochemistry; Petrology; Eruption impact; Recovery; Disaster management; Risk reduction strategy</keywords><publishedDay>2</publishedDay><publishedMonth>2</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2023</publishedYear><publishedDate>2023-02-02</publishedDate><doi>10.1007/978-3-031-15040-1_12</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Geography</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>SGE</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><funders/><projectreference/><lastEdited>2023-03-09T10:16:39.9049055</lastEdited><Created>2023-02-24T08:45:06.9418588</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography</level></path><authors><author><firstname/><surname>Subandriyo</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Ralf</firstname><surname>Gertisser</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Nurnaning</firstname><surname>Aisyah</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Hanik</firstname><surname>Humaida</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Katie</firstname><surname>Preece</surname><orcid>0000-0003-1478-4291</orcid><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Sylvain</firstname><surname>Charbonnier</surname><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>Agus</firstname><surname>Budi-Santoso</surname><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>Heather</firstname><surname>Handley</surname><order>8</order></author><author><firstname>Sri</firstname><surname>Sumarti</surname><order>9</order></author><author><firstname>Dewi Sri</firstname><surname>Sayudi</surname><order>10</order></author><author><firstname>I Gusti Made Agung</firstname><surname>Nandaka</surname><order>11</order></author><author><firstname>Haryo Edi</firstname><surname>Wibowo</surname><order>12</order></author></authors><documents/><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling 2023-03-09T10:16:39.9049055 v2 62729 2023-02-24 An Overview of the Large-Magnitude (VEI 4) Eruption of Merapi in 2010 f356499883a4264da682fa1ef72205ea 0000-0003-1478-4291 Katie Preece Katie Preece true false 2023-02-24 SGE The VEI 4 eruption in 2010 was the worst volcanic disaster at Merapi in 80 years.The unusual size and dynamics of the eruption, the rapid acceleration of events and the large number of evacuees posed significant challenges for the management of the volcanic crisis and post-eruption recovery. The first indications of Merapi’s reawakening were observed in the seismic monitoring record about one year before the eruption. The eruption commenced on 26 October 2010, with initial explosions and associated pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) directed towards the south flank of Merapi. Subsequently, the intensity of the eruption accelerated with rapid lava dome growth and increasing PDC runout, culminating in a climactic eruption phase on 5 November, where blast-like, high-energy PDCs destroyed areas on Merapi’s south flank and PDCs reached ~16 km in the Gendol valley. After 5 November, the eruption waned, leading to reductions of the exclusion zone from mid-November 2010 and successive lowering of the alert level from early December 2010. The 2010 eruption was fed by basaltic andesite magma similar to other recent Merapi eruptions, but was driven by a larger than normal influx of deep, volatile-rich magma that replenished the shallower magma system within the carbonate-dominated upper crust beneath Merapi at relatively short timescales. During and after the eruption, lahars swept down almost all major valleys, causing considerably larger impact than after previous eruptions. As a result of the eruption, nearly 400,000 people were displaced from their homes and accommodated in temporary or permanent residences. Tourist activities and sand quarrying of PDC and lahar deposits facilitated post-eruption recovery. Mitigation measures, including strengthening of the volcano monitoring system, establishment of a disaster risk reduction forum, strengthening of community capacity, and preparation of contingency plans for local governments based on hazard scenarios, were all part of the disaster risk reduction strategy that saved many lives during the 2010 eruption crisis. Book chapter Merapi Volcano 353 407 Springer International Publishing Cham 9783031150395 9783031150401 2195-3589 2195-7029 2010 eruption; Eruption chronology; Pyroclastic density currents; Geochemistry; Petrology; Eruption impact; Recovery; Disaster management; Risk reduction strategy 2 2 2023 2023-02-02 10.1007/978-3-031-15040-1_12 COLLEGE NANME Geography COLLEGE CODE SGE Swansea University 2023-03-09T10:16:39.9049055 2023-02-24T08:45:06.9418588 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography Subandriyo 1 Ralf Gertisser 2 Nurnaning Aisyah 3 Hanik Humaida 4 Katie Preece 0000-0003-1478-4291 5 Sylvain Charbonnier 6 Agus Budi-Santoso 7 Heather Handley 8 Sri Sumarti 9 Dewi Sri Sayudi 10 I Gusti Made Agung Nandaka 11 Haryo Edi Wibowo 12
title An Overview of the Large-Magnitude (VEI 4) Eruption of Merapi in 2010
spellingShingle An Overview of the Large-Magnitude (VEI 4) Eruption of Merapi in 2010
Katie Preece
title_short An Overview of the Large-Magnitude (VEI 4) Eruption of Merapi in 2010
title_full An Overview of the Large-Magnitude (VEI 4) Eruption of Merapi in 2010
title_fullStr An Overview of the Large-Magnitude (VEI 4) Eruption of Merapi in 2010
title_full_unstemmed An Overview of the Large-Magnitude (VEI 4) Eruption of Merapi in 2010
title_sort An Overview of the Large-Magnitude (VEI 4) Eruption of Merapi in 2010
author_id_str_mv f356499883a4264da682fa1ef72205ea
author_id_fullname_str_mv f356499883a4264da682fa1ef72205ea_***_Katie Preece
author Katie Preece
author2 Subandriyo
Ralf Gertisser
Nurnaning Aisyah
Hanik Humaida
Katie Preece
Sylvain Charbonnier
Agus Budi-Santoso
Heather Handley
Sri Sumarti
Dewi Sri Sayudi
I Gusti Made Agung Nandaka
Haryo Edi Wibowo
format Book chapter
container_title Merapi Volcano
container_start_page 353
publishDate 2023
institution Swansea University
isbn 9783031150395
9783031150401
issn 2195-3589
2195-7029
doi_str_mv 10.1007/978-3-031-15040-1_12
publisher Springer International Publishing
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography
document_store_str 0
active_str 0
description The VEI 4 eruption in 2010 was the worst volcanic disaster at Merapi in 80 years.The unusual size and dynamics of the eruption, the rapid acceleration of events and the large number of evacuees posed significant challenges for the management of the volcanic crisis and post-eruption recovery. The first indications of Merapi’s reawakening were observed in the seismic monitoring record about one year before the eruption. The eruption commenced on 26 October 2010, with initial explosions and associated pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) directed towards the south flank of Merapi. Subsequently, the intensity of the eruption accelerated with rapid lava dome growth and increasing PDC runout, culminating in a climactic eruption phase on 5 November, where blast-like, high-energy PDCs destroyed areas on Merapi’s south flank and PDCs reached ~16 km in the Gendol valley. After 5 November, the eruption waned, leading to reductions of the exclusion zone from mid-November 2010 and successive lowering of the alert level from early December 2010. The 2010 eruption was fed by basaltic andesite magma similar to other recent Merapi eruptions, but was driven by a larger than normal influx of deep, volatile-rich magma that replenished the shallower magma system within the carbonate-dominated upper crust beneath Merapi at relatively short timescales. During and after the eruption, lahars swept down almost all major valleys, causing considerably larger impact than after previous eruptions. As a result of the eruption, nearly 400,000 people were displaced from their homes and accommodated in temporary or permanent residences. Tourist activities and sand quarrying of PDC and lahar deposits facilitated post-eruption recovery. Mitigation measures, including strengthening of the volcano monitoring system, establishment of a disaster risk reduction forum, strengthening of community capacity, and preparation of contingency plans for local governments based on hazard scenarios, were all part of the disaster risk reduction strategy that saved many lives during the 2010 eruption crisis.
published_date 2023-02-02T04:23:03Z
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score 11.016235

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