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Reliability and generality of the novel pop-out effect following passive pre-exposure to array items

John D. McCarthy, Phil Reed Orcid Logo

Current Psychology, Volume: 43, Pages: 4567 - 4578

Swansea University Author: Phil Reed Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1007/s12144-023-04568-3

Abstract

Novel pop-out refers to the relative ease in locating an unfamiliar target against a background of familiar distractors in visual search tasks. For instance, when one novel item is presented along with three familiar items, it is located faster than when the target is itself familiar, or when all it...

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Published in: Current Psychology
ISSN: 1046-1310 1936-4733
Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2024
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa62991
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However, the reliability and generality of the novel pop-out effect has been questioned. Three experiments with human participants examined the reliability of within-array novel pop-out effects, and explored the conditions under which these effects can be obtained. The degree to which subjects could identify a novel item when presented against a background of familiar items, or against a background of other novel items, was assessed using two different visual search tasks. Experiments 1 and 3replicated the theoretically important within-array novel pop-out effect, using the original procedure adopted by Johnston and colleagues. In the current studies, the array items were rendered novel or familiar by virtue of their previous absence or presence, respectively, in a pre-exposure phase, which allowed greater control over their novelty or familiarity. However, the use of this procedure abolished the typically-reported advantage for all-familiar versus all-novel arrays (Experiments 2 and 3). 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The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.</documentNotes><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect><language>eng</language><licence>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</licence></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling v2 62991 2023-03-20 Reliability and generality of the novel pop-out effect following passive pre-exposure to array items 100599ab189b514fdf99f9b4cb477a83 0000-0002-8157-0747 Phil Reed Phil Reed true false 2023-03-20 HPS Novel pop-out refers to the relative ease in locating an unfamiliar target against a background of familiar distractors in visual search tasks. For instance, when one novel item is presented along with three familiar items, it is located faster than when the target is itself familiar, or when all items are novel or familiar. However, the reliability and generality of the novel pop-out effect has been questioned. Three experiments with human participants examined the reliability of within-array novel pop-out effects, and explored the conditions under which these effects can be obtained. The degree to which subjects could identify a novel item when presented against a background of familiar items, or against a background of other novel items, was assessed using two different visual search tasks. Experiments 1 and 3replicated the theoretically important within-array novel pop-out effect, using the original procedure adopted by Johnston and colleagues. In the current studies, the array items were rendered novel or familiar by virtue of their previous absence or presence, respectively, in a pre-exposure phase, which allowed greater control over their novelty or familiarity. However, the use of this procedure abolished the typically-reported advantage for all-familiar versus all-novel arrays (Experiments 2 and 3). It is suggested that any model of attention should be sensitive to the present goal state of the subject, and that the literature on latent inhibition may provide one such mechanism through which such a set of effects could be explained. Journal Article Current Psychology 43 4567 4578 Springer Science and Business Media LLC 1046-1310 1936-4733 novel pop-out, familiar sink-in, attention 1 2 2024 2024-02-01 10.1007/s12144-023-04568-3 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04568-3 COLLEGE NANME Psychology COLLEGE CODE HPS Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) Swansea University 2024-04-03T14:49:17.2638144 2023-03-20T11:59:28.7013607 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Health and Social Care - Public Health John D. McCarthy 1 Phil Reed 0000-0002-8157-0747 2 62991__27194__7a606b38cc204f5e9332ed7cf2979c0a.pdf 62991.pdf 2023-04-25T13:36:36.5771303 Output 1257899 application/pdf Version of Record true Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Reliability and generality of the novel pop-out effect following passive pre-exposure to array items
spellingShingle Reliability and generality of the novel pop-out effect following passive pre-exposure to array items
Phil Reed
title_short Reliability and generality of the novel pop-out effect following passive pre-exposure to array items
title_full Reliability and generality of the novel pop-out effect following passive pre-exposure to array items
title_fullStr Reliability and generality of the novel pop-out effect following passive pre-exposure to array items
title_full_unstemmed Reliability and generality of the novel pop-out effect following passive pre-exposure to array items
title_sort Reliability and generality of the novel pop-out effect following passive pre-exposure to array items
author_id_str_mv 100599ab189b514fdf99f9b4cb477a83
author_id_fullname_str_mv 100599ab189b514fdf99f9b4cb477a83_***_Phil Reed
author Phil Reed
author2 John D. McCarthy
Phil Reed
format Journal article
container_title Current Psychology
container_volume 43
container_start_page 4567
publishDate 2024
institution Swansea University
issn 1046-1310
1936-4733
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s12144-023-04568-3
publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
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hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
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department_str School of Health and Social Care - Public Health{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Health and Social Care - Public Health
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04568-3
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description Novel pop-out refers to the relative ease in locating an unfamiliar target against a background of familiar distractors in visual search tasks. For instance, when one novel item is presented along with three familiar items, it is located faster than when the target is itself familiar, or when all items are novel or familiar. However, the reliability and generality of the novel pop-out effect has been questioned. Three experiments with human participants examined the reliability of within-array novel pop-out effects, and explored the conditions under which these effects can be obtained. The degree to which subjects could identify a novel item when presented against a background of familiar items, or against a background of other novel items, was assessed using two different visual search tasks. Experiments 1 and 3replicated the theoretically important within-array novel pop-out effect, using the original procedure adopted by Johnston and colleagues. In the current studies, the array items were rendered novel or familiar by virtue of their previous absence or presence, respectively, in a pre-exposure phase, which allowed greater control over their novelty or familiarity. However, the use of this procedure abolished the typically-reported advantage for all-familiar versus all-novel arrays (Experiments 2 and 3). It is suggested that any model of attention should be sensitive to the present goal state of the subject, and that the literature on latent inhibition may provide one such mechanism through which such a set of effects could be explained.
published_date 2024-02-01T14:49:14Z
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