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Improving efficiency of wastewater treatment at Morfa Coke Ovens / MERGAN MUNAWA

Swansea University Author: MERGAN MUNAWA

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Abstract

Production of steel through the coke making process results in the generation of highly contaminated wastewater. Currently, the Morfa coke ovens at TATA Steel Port Talbot use a conventional biological oxidation process built and designed in the 1970s to treat wastewater before discharging into the B...

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Published: Swansea, Wales, UK 2023
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Master of Research
Degree name: MSc by Research
Supervisor: Tizaoui, Chedly. and Dickinson, Paul.
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa63275
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Currently, the Morfa coke ovens at TATA Steel Port Talbot use a conventional biological oxidation process built and designed in the 1970s to treat wastewater before discharging into the Bristol Channel via the ‘Long Sea Outfall.’ Using biological treatment alone has become an inefficient strategy to manage the wastewater produced in the coke ovens. Thus, this project evaluated other treatment techniques including ozone (O3), granular activated carbon (GAC) and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) such as O3/GAC, O3/H2O2 to pre-treat the influent with the aim of removing organic content and enhancing biodegradability. Wastewater from the Biological Effluent Treatment (BET) plant at the Morfa coke ovens Port Talbot steelworks was used in this study and characterized by Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and nitrogen in the form of ammonia (NH3 – N). The influent colour was yellow brownish colour and had average =3055 −1, 3−≥500 , ≥400 −1, warm temperatures ranging 20 – 25℃ and pH range between 8 and 9. According to historic data this influent was highly polluted with a variety of compounds such as thiocyanates, ammonia, phenols, PAHs, H2S and other organic and inorganic compounds. The results indicated that increasing ozonation time had a significant impact on % COD, TOC and NH3 – N removal with 120 mins ozonation yielding 45% COD, 47% TOC and 96% NH3 – N removal. However, biodegradability significantly decreased with increase in ozonation time; 120 mins ozonation resulted to 5=0.02 as compared to 5=0.2 of the influent without ozonation. Also, treatment of BET influent with different masses of GAC alone yielded 42% COD, 88% TOC and 98% NH3 – N removal for 10g GAC in 400 mL. However, biodegradability of the influent also significantly reduced to 5=0.05 as the mass of GAC increased to 10g in 400mL wastewater sample. Additionally, when the influent was treated with AOPs, O3/GAC yielded better results for % COD, TOC and NH3 – N removal as compared to treatment using O3/H2O2. On the other hand, pre-treatment with ozone alone improved the BOD rate constant k and reduced the UBOD i.e., 120 mins ozonation resulted to =1.83 −1 &amp; =23.18−1 whiles treatment with GAC alone improved the UBOD i.e., 5g in 400mL resulted to =0.0004 −1 &amp; =44706.39 −1. This is possibly due to the formation of toxic substances during ozonation, or removal of key nutrients required for bacterial growth.</abstract><type>E-Thesis</type><journal/><volume/><journalNumber/><paginationStart/><paginationEnd/><publisher/><placeOfPublication>Swansea, Wales, UK</placeOfPublication><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint/><issnElectronic/><keywords>Wastewater treatment, coke ovens, ozone, AOPs</keywords><publishedDay>24</publishedDay><publishedMonth>3</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2023</publishedYear><publishedDate>2023-03-24</publishedDate><doi/><url/><notes>A selection of third party content is redacted or is partially redacted from this thesis due to copyright restrictions.</notes><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><supervisor>Tizaoui, Chedly. and Dickinson, Paul.</supervisor><degreelevel>Master of Research</degreelevel><degreename>MSc by Research</degreename><degreesponsorsfunders>M2A and TATA Steel (EGR0751-100)</degreesponsorsfunders><apcterm/><funders>M2A and TATA Steel (EGR0751-100)</funders><projectreference/><lastEdited>2023-10-27T15:17:03.9276498</lastEdited><Created>2023-04-28T13:01:22.9921566</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering</level></path><authors><author><firstname>MERGAN</firstname><surname>MUNAWA</surname><order>1</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>Under embargo</filename><originalFilename>Under embargo</originalFilename><uploaded>2023-04-28T13:33:22.0926472</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>3271519</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Redacted version - restricted access</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><embargoDate>2028-03-24T00:00:00.0000000</embargoDate><documentNotes>Copyright: The Author, Mergan Munawa, 2023.</documentNotes><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect><language>eng</language></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling v2 63275 2023-04-28 Improving efficiency of wastewater treatment at Morfa Coke Ovens b9a3eb706153767d5cc6f7c78fb68861 MERGAN MUNAWA MERGAN MUNAWA true false 2023-04-28 Production of steel through the coke making process results in the generation of highly contaminated wastewater. Currently, the Morfa coke ovens at TATA Steel Port Talbot use a conventional biological oxidation process built and designed in the 1970s to treat wastewater before discharging into the Bristol Channel via the ‘Long Sea Outfall.’ Using biological treatment alone has become an inefficient strategy to manage the wastewater produced in the coke ovens. Thus, this project evaluated other treatment techniques including ozone (O3), granular activated carbon (GAC) and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) such as O3/GAC, O3/H2O2 to pre-treat the influent with the aim of removing organic content and enhancing biodegradability. Wastewater from the Biological Effluent Treatment (BET) plant at the Morfa coke ovens Port Talbot steelworks was used in this study and characterized by Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and nitrogen in the form of ammonia (NH3 – N). The influent colour was yellow brownish colour and had average =3055 −1, 3−≥500 , ≥400 −1, warm temperatures ranging 20 – 25℃ and pH range between 8 and 9. According to historic data this influent was highly polluted with a variety of compounds such as thiocyanates, ammonia, phenols, PAHs, H2S and other organic and inorganic compounds. The results indicated that increasing ozonation time had a significant impact on % COD, TOC and NH3 – N removal with 120 mins ozonation yielding 45% COD, 47% TOC and 96% NH3 – N removal. However, biodegradability significantly decreased with increase in ozonation time; 120 mins ozonation resulted to 5=0.02 as compared to 5=0.2 of the influent without ozonation. Also, treatment of BET influent with different masses of GAC alone yielded 42% COD, 88% TOC and 98% NH3 – N removal for 10g GAC in 400 mL. However, biodegradability of the influent also significantly reduced to 5=0.05 as the mass of GAC increased to 10g in 400mL wastewater sample. Additionally, when the influent was treated with AOPs, O3/GAC yielded better results for % COD, TOC and NH3 – N removal as compared to treatment using O3/H2O2. On the other hand, pre-treatment with ozone alone improved the BOD rate constant k and reduced the UBOD i.e., 120 mins ozonation resulted to =1.83 −1 & =23.18−1 whiles treatment with GAC alone improved the UBOD i.e., 5g in 400mL resulted to =0.0004 −1 & =44706.39 −1. This is possibly due to the formation of toxic substances during ozonation, or removal of key nutrients required for bacterial growth. E-Thesis Swansea, Wales, UK Wastewater treatment, coke ovens, ozone, AOPs 24 3 2023 2023-03-24 A selection of third party content is redacted or is partially redacted from this thesis due to copyright restrictions. COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Tizaoui, Chedly. and Dickinson, Paul. Master of Research MSc by Research M2A and TATA Steel (EGR0751-100) M2A and TATA Steel (EGR0751-100) 2023-10-27T15:17:03.9276498 2023-04-28T13:01:22.9921566 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering MERGAN MUNAWA 1 Under embargo Under embargo 2023-04-28T13:33:22.0926472 Output 3271519 application/pdf Redacted version - restricted access true 2028-03-24T00:00:00.0000000 Copyright: The Author, Mergan Munawa, 2023. true eng
title Improving efficiency of wastewater treatment at Morfa Coke Ovens
spellingShingle Improving efficiency of wastewater treatment at Morfa Coke Ovens
MERGAN MUNAWA
title_short Improving efficiency of wastewater treatment at Morfa Coke Ovens
title_full Improving efficiency of wastewater treatment at Morfa Coke Ovens
title_fullStr Improving efficiency of wastewater treatment at Morfa Coke Ovens
title_full_unstemmed Improving efficiency of wastewater treatment at Morfa Coke Ovens
title_sort Improving efficiency of wastewater treatment at Morfa Coke Ovens
author_id_str_mv b9a3eb706153767d5cc6f7c78fb68861
author_id_fullname_str_mv b9a3eb706153767d5cc6f7c78fb68861_***_MERGAN MUNAWA
author MERGAN MUNAWA
author2 MERGAN MUNAWA
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hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering
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description Production of steel through the coke making process results in the generation of highly contaminated wastewater. Currently, the Morfa coke ovens at TATA Steel Port Talbot use a conventional biological oxidation process built and designed in the 1970s to treat wastewater before discharging into the Bristol Channel via the ‘Long Sea Outfall.’ Using biological treatment alone has become an inefficient strategy to manage the wastewater produced in the coke ovens. Thus, this project evaluated other treatment techniques including ozone (O3), granular activated carbon (GAC) and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) such as O3/GAC, O3/H2O2 to pre-treat the influent with the aim of removing organic content and enhancing biodegradability. Wastewater from the Biological Effluent Treatment (BET) plant at the Morfa coke ovens Port Talbot steelworks was used in this study and characterized by Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and nitrogen in the form of ammonia (NH3 – N). The influent colour was yellow brownish colour and had average =3055 −1, 3−≥500 , ≥400 −1, warm temperatures ranging 20 – 25℃ and pH range between 8 and 9. According to historic data this influent was highly polluted with a variety of compounds such as thiocyanates, ammonia, phenols, PAHs, H2S and other organic and inorganic compounds. The results indicated that increasing ozonation time had a significant impact on % COD, TOC and NH3 – N removal with 120 mins ozonation yielding 45% COD, 47% TOC and 96% NH3 – N removal. However, biodegradability significantly decreased with increase in ozonation time; 120 mins ozonation resulted to 5=0.02 as compared to 5=0.2 of the influent without ozonation. Also, treatment of BET influent with different masses of GAC alone yielded 42% COD, 88% TOC and 98% NH3 – N removal for 10g GAC in 400 mL. However, biodegradability of the influent also significantly reduced to 5=0.05 as the mass of GAC increased to 10g in 400mL wastewater sample. Additionally, when the influent was treated with AOPs, O3/GAC yielded better results for % COD, TOC and NH3 – N removal as compared to treatment using O3/H2O2. On the other hand, pre-treatment with ozone alone improved the BOD rate constant k and reduced the UBOD i.e., 120 mins ozonation resulted to =1.83 −1 & =23.18−1 whiles treatment with GAC alone improved the UBOD i.e., 5g in 400mL resulted to =0.0004 −1 & =44706.39 −1. This is possibly due to the formation of toxic substances during ozonation, or removal of key nutrients required for bacterial growth.
published_date 2023-03-24T15:17:02Z
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score 11.036706

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