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The role of species' traits in dispersal across scales - from deep past understanding to present-day processes / SARAH-SOPHIE WEIL

Swansea University Author: SARAH-SOPHIE WEIL

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DOI (Published version): 10.23889/SUthesis.63846

Abstract

A pressing challenge in ecology is to unravel the mechanisms that underlie the distribution of life at aglobal scale. Rare dispersal events across biogeographic barriers and establishment in new regions are central to this: these events determine the distribution of both the dispersing species and o...

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Published: Swansea, Wales, UK 2023
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: Ph.D
Supervisor: Allen, William (Swansea University); Gallien, Laure (Grenoble University, France); Börger, Luca (Swansea University); Lavergne, Sébastien (Grenoble University, France)
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa63846
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first_indexed 2023-07-10T11:03:59Z
last_indexed 2023-07-10T11:03:59Z
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spelling v2 63846 2023-07-10 The role of species' traits in dispersal across scales - from deep past understanding to present-day processes 0ca7071c2afbb4f6e8d5c6e04f5a47f8 SARAH-SOPHIE WEIL SARAH-SOPHIE WEIL true false 2023-07-10 A pressing challenge in ecology is to unravel the mechanisms that underlie the distribution of life at aglobal scale. Rare dispersal events across biogeographic barriers and establishment in new regions are central to this: these events determine the distribution of both the dispersing species and of species in the receiving community, and they can open opportunities for speciation. On smaller scales, dispersal is integral to species’ persistence, allowing them to respond to changes in their environment directly through movement or indirectly through adaptation. Not all species have the same ability to disperse and establish. Better understanding these differences has gained new urgency today if we are to accurately assess risks, challenges and conservation opportunities in the context of biological invasions, land-use and climate change. Species’ traits are thought to be an important factor in successful dispersal. For example, large species are often better dispersers than small species, and plants with seeds that can float are more likely to disperse over island archipelagos than those with seeds that sink. However, there have been few tests of theory on how species traits might support dispersal at large biogeographic scales. In this thesis, I combine biogeographic, macroecological and macroevolutionary approaches to identify the role of body size and life-history traits in dispersal, and to test the transferability of trait dispersal relationships across scales. First, I quantify and compare the role of traits in biogeographic histories of 56 tetrapod clades. Second, I discuss in a conceptual synthesis if and how information from macroevolutionary and biogeographic studies can be used to better understand species present-day biological invasions, as well as present-day extinction risk due to changing environmental conditions. Third, I test conceptual considerations from this work on empirical data, linking the patterns observed in past biogeographic dispersal to present-day biological invasions and range shifts. Together these three strands highlight the importance of taxonomic, geographical and temporal contexts in the role of species traits in dispersal, which is an important step forward to better predictions of species’ abilities to respond to changing environmental conditions. E-Thesis Swansea, Wales, UK Biogeography, dispersal, functional traits, tetrapods, biological invasion, trait-dependent biogeographic models 9 6 2023 2023-06-09 10.23889/SUthesis.63846 Due to Embargo and/or Third Party Copyright restrictions, this thesis is not available via this service. COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Allen, William (Swansea University); Gallien, Laure (Grenoble University, France); Börger, Luca (Swansea University); Lavergne, Sébastien (Grenoble University, France) Doctoral Ph.D Swansea University Strategic Partner Research Scholarship and Initiative d’excellence International Strategic Partnership Scholarship (Grenoble University) 2023-10-05T14:54:23.6805642 2023-07-10T11:50:31.6840898 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences SARAH-SOPHIE WEIL 1
title The role of species' traits in dispersal across scales - from deep past understanding to present-day processes
spellingShingle The role of species' traits in dispersal across scales - from deep past understanding to present-day processes
SARAH-SOPHIE WEIL
title_short The role of species' traits in dispersal across scales - from deep past understanding to present-day processes
title_full The role of species' traits in dispersal across scales - from deep past understanding to present-day processes
title_fullStr The role of species' traits in dispersal across scales - from deep past understanding to present-day processes
title_full_unstemmed The role of species' traits in dispersal across scales - from deep past understanding to present-day processes
title_sort The role of species' traits in dispersal across scales - from deep past understanding to present-day processes
author_id_str_mv 0ca7071c2afbb4f6e8d5c6e04f5a47f8
author_id_fullname_str_mv 0ca7071c2afbb4f6e8d5c6e04f5a47f8_***_SARAH-SOPHIE WEIL
author SARAH-SOPHIE WEIL
author2 SARAH-SOPHIE WEIL
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publishDate 2023
institution Swansea University
doi_str_mv 10.23889/SUthesis.63846
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences
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description A pressing challenge in ecology is to unravel the mechanisms that underlie the distribution of life at aglobal scale. Rare dispersal events across biogeographic barriers and establishment in new regions are central to this: these events determine the distribution of both the dispersing species and of species in the receiving community, and they can open opportunities for speciation. On smaller scales, dispersal is integral to species’ persistence, allowing them to respond to changes in their environment directly through movement or indirectly through adaptation. Not all species have the same ability to disperse and establish. Better understanding these differences has gained new urgency today if we are to accurately assess risks, challenges and conservation opportunities in the context of biological invasions, land-use and climate change. Species’ traits are thought to be an important factor in successful dispersal. For example, large species are often better dispersers than small species, and plants with seeds that can float are more likely to disperse over island archipelagos than those with seeds that sink. However, there have been few tests of theory on how species traits might support dispersal at large biogeographic scales. In this thesis, I combine biogeographic, macroecological and macroevolutionary approaches to identify the role of body size and life-history traits in dispersal, and to test the transferability of trait dispersal relationships across scales. First, I quantify and compare the role of traits in biogeographic histories of 56 tetrapod clades. Second, I discuss in a conceptual synthesis if and how information from macroevolutionary and biogeographic studies can be used to better understand species present-day biological invasions, as well as present-day extinction risk due to changing environmental conditions. Third, I test conceptual considerations from this work on empirical data, linking the patterns observed in past biogeographic dispersal to present-day biological invasions and range shifts. Together these three strands highlight the importance of taxonomic, geographical and temporal contexts in the role of species traits in dispersal, which is an important step forward to better predictions of species’ abilities to respond to changing environmental conditions.
published_date 2023-06-09T14:54:25Z
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score 11.016235

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