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Saltmarsh vegetation alters tidal hydrodynamics of small estuaries

William Bennett Orcid Logo, Jose Horrillo-Caraballo, Tom Fairchild Orcid Logo, Thomas van Veelen, Harshinie Karunarathna Orcid Logo

Applied Ocean Research, Volume: 138, Start page: 103678

Swansea University Authors: William Bennett Orcid Logo, Jose Horrillo-Caraballo, Tom Fairchild Orcid Logo, Thomas van Veelen, Harshinie Karunarathna Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.apor.2023.103678

Abstract

Saltmarshes in most estuaries in the UK and elsewhere are heavily exploited for numerous purposes including farming, fishing, and recreation. In this study, a computational model was used to investigate the impact of saltmarsh vegetation on tidal dynamics and residual currents in three distinctly di...

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Published in: Applied Ocean Research
ISSN: 0141-1187 0141-1187
Published: Elsevier BV 2023
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa63957
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In this study, a computational model was used to investigate the impact of saltmarsh vegetation on tidal dynamics and residual currents in three distinctly different estuaries in Wales, UK, in order to understand the impacts of marsh vegetation on wider estuarine hydrodynamics. The three estuaries, Mawddach, Taf and Loughor, vary in size, tidal range, exposure, and saltmarsh coverage. Tidal constituents and residual currents were calculated using a year-long simulation of tidal dynamics. Tidal dynamics are discussed in terms of five important primary tidal constituents (M2, S2, N2, K1, O1) and two shallow water constituents (M4, MS4). The results reveal that saltmarsh vegetation reduces the amplitude of both primary and shallow water tidal constituents not only on and at the proximity of marsh platforms but also in the wider estuary, mostly confined to tidal channels and surrounding intertidal areas. Most notable changes were observed in the middle and upper estuary. Notable changes to residual current velocities were observed on marsh flat areas and in tidal channels and saltmarsh creeks which indicates that changes to marsh vegetation have the potential to alter sediment transport and hence wider estuary hydrodynamics. 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spelling v2 63957 2023-07-27 Saltmarsh vegetation alters tidal hydrodynamics of small estuaries 02f99b24e395a83ca52f7b85b151b29b 0000-0002-7229-5747 William Bennett William Bennett true false 5166f9cd40b7c8628375d3f22d1c473c Jose Horrillo-Caraballo Jose Horrillo-Caraballo true false 029ccd52181e00b3711e9234a8d200b7 0000-0001-7133-8824 Tom Fairchild Tom Fairchild true false 8e00d06f3ebcb6f6700e306bd62623ac Thomas van Veelen Thomas van Veelen true false 0d3d327a240d49b53c78e02b7c00e625 0000-0002-9087-3811 Harshinie Karunarathna Harshinie Karunarathna true false 2023-07-27 CIVL Saltmarshes in most estuaries in the UK and elsewhere are heavily exploited for numerous purposes including farming, fishing, and recreation. In this study, a computational model was used to investigate the impact of saltmarsh vegetation on tidal dynamics and residual currents in three distinctly different estuaries in Wales, UK, in order to understand the impacts of marsh vegetation on wider estuarine hydrodynamics. The three estuaries, Mawddach, Taf and Loughor, vary in size, tidal range, exposure, and saltmarsh coverage. Tidal constituents and residual currents were calculated using a year-long simulation of tidal dynamics. Tidal dynamics are discussed in terms of five important primary tidal constituents (M2, S2, N2, K1, O1) and two shallow water constituents (M4, MS4). The results reveal that saltmarsh vegetation reduces the amplitude of both primary and shallow water tidal constituents not only on and at the proximity of marsh platforms but also in the wider estuary, mostly confined to tidal channels and surrounding intertidal areas. Most notable changes were observed in the middle and upper estuary. Notable changes to residual current velocities were observed on marsh flat areas and in tidal channels and saltmarsh creeks which indicates that changes to marsh vegetation have the potential to alter sediment transport and hence wider estuary hydrodynamics. Our results will be useful when making decisions to restore, reclaim and realign existing saltmarshes for environmental, conservation and socioeconomic purposes, or integrate them in nature-based solutions for estuarine flood and erosion management. Journal Article Applied Ocean Research 138 103678 Elsevier BV 0141-1187 0141-1187 Tidal hydrodynamics; Saltmarsh; Vegetation; Estuaries; Delft3D 30 9 2023 2023-09-30 10.1016/j.apor.2023.103678 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2023.103678 COLLEGE NANME Civil Engineering COLLEGE CODE CIVL Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) Natural Environment Research Council, the Economic and Social Research Council, the Bio- technology and Biological Sciences Research Council, the Arts and Humanities Research Council and the Department of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. NE/N013573/1 2023-09-05T11:32:52.8535357 2023-07-27T08:43:33.6765259 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering William Bennett 0000-0002-7229-5747 1 Jose Horrillo-Caraballo 2 Tom Fairchild 0000-0001-7133-8824 3 Thomas van Veelen 4 Harshinie Karunarathna 0000-0002-9087-3811 5 63957__28194__2d1c395edb6e43038cecac1fb94da768.pdf 1-s2.0-S0141118723002195-main.pdf 2023-07-27T08:50:19.0700751 Output 18714922 application/pdf Version of Record true This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 CC BY license. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Saltmarsh vegetation alters tidal hydrodynamics of small estuaries
spellingShingle Saltmarsh vegetation alters tidal hydrodynamics of small estuaries
William Bennett
Jose Horrillo-Caraballo
Tom Fairchild
Thomas van Veelen
Harshinie Karunarathna
title_short Saltmarsh vegetation alters tidal hydrodynamics of small estuaries
title_full Saltmarsh vegetation alters tidal hydrodynamics of small estuaries
title_fullStr Saltmarsh vegetation alters tidal hydrodynamics of small estuaries
title_full_unstemmed Saltmarsh vegetation alters tidal hydrodynamics of small estuaries
title_sort Saltmarsh vegetation alters tidal hydrodynamics of small estuaries
author_id_str_mv 02f99b24e395a83ca52f7b85b151b29b
5166f9cd40b7c8628375d3f22d1c473c
029ccd52181e00b3711e9234a8d200b7
8e00d06f3ebcb6f6700e306bd62623ac
0d3d327a240d49b53c78e02b7c00e625
author_id_fullname_str_mv 02f99b24e395a83ca52f7b85b151b29b_***_William Bennett
5166f9cd40b7c8628375d3f22d1c473c_***_Jose Horrillo-Caraballo
029ccd52181e00b3711e9234a8d200b7_***_Tom Fairchild
8e00d06f3ebcb6f6700e306bd62623ac_***_Thomas van Veelen
0d3d327a240d49b53c78e02b7c00e625_***_Harshinie Karunarathna
author William Bennett
Jose Horrillo-Caraballo
Tom Fairchild
Thomas van Veelen
Harshinie Karunarathna
author2 William Bennett
Jose Horrillo-Caraballo
Tom Fairchild
Thomas van Veelen
Harshinie Karunarathna
format Journal article
container_title Applied Ocean Research
container_volume 138
container_start_page 103678
publishDate 2023
institution Swansea University
issn 0141-1187
0141-1187
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.apor.2023.103678
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2023.103678
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Saltmarshes in most estuaries in the UK and elsewhere are heavily exploited for numerous purposes including farming, fishing, and recreation. In this study, a computational model was used to investigate the impact of saltmarsh vegetation on tidal dynamics and residual currents in three distinctly different estuaries in Wales, UK, in order to understand the impacts of marsh vegetation on wider estuarine hydrodynamics. The three estuaries, Mawddach, Taf and Loughor, vary in size, tidal range, exposure, and saltmarsh coverage. Tidal constituents and residual currents were calculated using a year-long simulation of tidal dynamics. Tidal dynamics are discussed in terms of five important primary tidal constituents (M2, S2, N2, K1, O1) and two shallow water constituents (M4, MS4). The results reveal that saltmarsh vegetation reduces the amplitude of both primary and shallow water tidal constituents not only on and at the proximity of marsh platforms but also in the wider estuary, mostly confined to tidal channels and surrounding intertidal areas. Most notable changes were observed in the middle and upper estuary. Notable changes to residual current velocities were observed on marsh flat areas and in tidal channels and saltmarsh creeks which indicates that changes to marsh vegetation have the potential to alter sediment transport and hence wider estuary hydrodynamics. Our results will be useful when making decisions to restore, reclaim and realign existing saltmarshes for environmental, conservation and socioeconomic purposes, or integrate them in nature-based solutions for estuarine flood and erosion management.
published_date 2023-09-30T11:32:54Z
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