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Resistance exercise: competition, coopetition and collective action among self-employed personal trainers in the UK

Geraint Harvey Orcid Logo, Jia Li Orcid Logo, Daniel Wintersberger

Employee Relations: The International Journal, Volume: 45, Issue: 6, Pages: 1511 - 1526

Swansea University Author: Jia Li Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1108/er-04-2023-0207

Abstract

The paper explores the potential for resistance to exploitation by gyms among self-employed personal trainers (SEPTs) in the UK, with a focus on the attitudes of SEPTs towards trade unions and collective action.This paper is based on a multiple method study with qualitative data drawn from participa...

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Published in: Employee Relations: The International Journal
ISSN: 0142-5455
Published: Emerald 2023
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa64555
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spelling v2 64555 2023-09-16 Resistance exercise: competition, coopetition and collective action among self-employed personal trainers in the UK 824c3c6b0da92468349458de1461c8e8 0000-0003-2350-6656 Jia Li Jia Li true false 2023-09-16 BBU The paper explores the potential for resistance to exploitation by gyms among self-employed personal trainers (SEPTs) in the UK, with a focus on the attitudes of SEPTs towards trade unions and collective action.This paper is based on a multiple method study with qualitative data drawn from participant observation and interviews, and quantitative data from a questionnaire survey. The data were collected in 2018.The potential for individual resistance to exploitation among self-employed personal trainers is limited. However, attitudes towards a collective response was largely positive, albeit there is certainly no consensus agreement on the value of trade unions. The logic of coopetition is applied to explain the issues on which trade unions might organize SEPTs.The study suggests coopetition as an organizing logic for highly individualized self-employed workers in intense proximal competition with one another. However, the research presented in this paper was undertaken with a unique group of solo self-employed. Further study is required to demonstrate the applicability of these findings.The commercialization of work poses a threat to traditional employment and trade unions. It is crucial that trade unions represent the interests of all workers by focusing on workers who do not traditionally form the vanguard of its membership (e.g., dependent workers and the falsely self-employed). The study illustrates the way in which trade unions can organize micro-entrepreneurs.Coopetitive representation whereby micro-entrepreneurs collaborate to resist exploitation while remaining independent has the potential to change the perspectives and values of entrepreneurs. Having experienced coopetitive representation, these micro-entrepreneurs may be less likely to perpetuate injustice and exploitation as a consequence.The paper assesses the potential of organizing a highly individualized and competitive self-employed worker. Coopetitive representation is presented as distinct from other approaches to representation and as a means of trade union revitalization. Journal Article Employee Relations: The International Journal 45 6 1511 1526 Emerald 0142-5455 31 10 2023 2023-10-31 10.1108/er-04-2023-0207 http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-04-2023-0207 COLLEGE NANME Business COLLEGE CODE BBU Swansea University 2024-03-21T14:08:35.3015811 2023-09-16T16:44:44.1674827 Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences School of Management - Business Management Geraint Harvey 0000-0001-8442-7527 1 Jia Li 0000-0003-2350-6656 2 Daniel Wintersberger 3 64555__28797__15854c4afdbb486a9f40a3ef05561176.pdf 64555.AAM.pdf 2023-10-16T14:38:40.7089511 Output 287784 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution, Non commercial licence (CC BY-NC 4.0). true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.en
title Resistance exercise: competition, coopetition and collective action among self-employed personal trainers in the UK
spellingShingle Resistance exercise: competition, coopetition and collective action among self-employed personal trainers in the UK
Jia Li
title_short Resistance exercise: competition, coopetition and collective action among self-employed personal trainers in the UK
title_full Resistance exercise: competition, coopetition and collective action among self-employed personal trainers in the UK
title_fullStr Resistance exercise: competition, coopetition and collective action among self-employed personal trainers in the UK
title_full_unstemmed Resistance exercise: competition, coopetition and collective action among self-employed personal trainers in the UK
title_sort Resistance exercise: competition, coopetition and collective action among self-employed personal trainers in the UK
author_id_str_mv 824c3c6b0da92468349458de1461c8e8
author_id_fullname_str_mv 824c3c6b0da92468349458de1461c8e8_***_Jia Li
author Jia Li
author2 Geraint Harvey
Jia Li
Daniel Wintersberger
format Journal article
container_title Employee Relations: The International Journal
container_volume 45
container_issue 6
container_start_page 1511
publishDate 2023
institution Swansea University
issn 0142-5455
doi_str_mv 10.1108/er-04-2023-0207
publisher Emerald
college_str Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofhumanitiesandsocialsciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofhumanitiesandsocialsciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
department_str School of Management - Business Management{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Management - Business Management
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-04-2023-0207
document_store_str 1
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description The paper explores the potential for resistance to exploitation by gyms among self-employed personal trainers (SEPTs) in the UK, with a focus on the attitudes of SEPTs towards trade unions and collective action.This paper is based on a multiple method study with qualitative data drawn from participant observation and interviews, and quantitative data from a questionnaire survey. The data were collected in 2018.The potential for individual resistance to exploitation among self-employed personal trainers is limited. However, attitudes towards a collective response was largely positive, albeit there is certainly no consensus agreement on the value of trade unions. The logic of coopetition is applied to explain the issues on which trade unions might organize SEPTs.The study suggests coopetition as an organizing logic for highly individualized self-employed workers in intense proximal competition with one another. However, the research presented in this paper was undertaken with a unique group of solo self-employed. Further study is required to demonstrate the applicability of these findings.The commercialization of work poses a threat to traditional employment and trade unions. It is crucial that trade unions represent the interests of all workers by focusing on workers who do not traditionally form the vanguard of its membership (e.g., dependent workers and the falsely self-employed). The study illustrates the way in which trade unions can organize micro-entrepreneurs.Coopetitive representation whereby micro-entrepreneurs collaborate to resist exploitation while remaining independent has the potential to change the perspectives and values of entrepreneurs. Having experienced coopetitive representation, these micro-entrepreneurs may be less likely to perpetuate injustice and exploitation as a consequence.The paper assesses the potential of organizing a highly individualized and competitive self-employed worker. Coopetitive representation is presented as distinct from other approaches to representation and as a means of trade union revitalization.
published_date 2023-10-31T14:08:36Z
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