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Working hours and health – key research topics in the past and future

Mikko Härmä, Göran Kecklund, Philip Tucker Orcid Logo

Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health

Swansea University Author: Philip Tucker Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.5271/sjweh.4157

Abstract

Objective This paper discusses the past and present highlights of working hours and health research and identifies key research needs for the future.Method We analyzed over 220 original articles and reviews on working hours and health in the Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health pub...

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Published in: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health
ISSN: 0355-3140 1795-990X
Published: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health 2024
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa65808
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first_indexed 2024-03-11T09:16:53Z
last_indexed 2024-03-11T09:16:53Z
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spelling v2 65808 2024-03-11 Working hours and health – key research topics in the past and future 7d07250cf5f1cbaf8788af9f48cf000a 0000-0002-8105-0901 Philip Tucker Philip Tucker true false 2024-03-11 HPS Objective This paper discusses the past and present highlights of working hours and health research and identifies key research needs for the future.Method We analyzed over 220 original articles and reviews on working hours and health in the Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health published during the last 50 years. Key publications from other journals were also included.Results The majority of identified articles focussed on the effects of shift and night work, with fewer studying long and reduced working hours and work time control. We observed a transition from small-scale experimental and intensive field studies to large-scale epidemiological studies utilizing precise exposure assessment, reflecting the recent emergence of register-based datasets and the development of analytic methods and alternative study designs for randomized controlled designs. The cumulative findings provide convincing evidence that shift work and long working hours, which are often associated with night work and insufficient recovery, increase the risk of poor sleep and fatigue, sickness absence, occupational injuries, and several chronic health conditions such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The observed risks are strongly modified by individual and work-related factors.Conclusions Although the observed health risks of shift work and long working hours are mostly low or moderate, the widespread prevalence of exposure and the hazardousness of the many associated potential outcomes makes such working time arrangements major occupational health risks. Further research is needed to identify exposure–response associations, especially in relation to the chronic health effects, and to elucidate underlying pathways and effective personalized intervention strategies. Journal Article Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health 0 Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health 0355-3140 1795-990X long working hour; mechanism; research agenda; safety; shift work; study design 18 3 2024 2024-03-18 10.5271/sjweh.4157 COLLEGE NANME Psychology COLLEGE CODE HPS Swansea University Not Required N/A 2024-04-24T15:12:55.6965298 2024-03-11T09:13:22.2724896 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Psychology Mikko Härmä 1 Göran Kecklund 2 Philip Tucker 0000-0002-8105-0901 3 65808__29891__70f2174cee8a4625ac83b33d891d0a77.pdf 65808.pdf 2024-04-03T15:02:53.9834635 Output 520475 application/pdf Version of Record true This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Working hours and health – key research topics in the past and future
spellingShingle Working hours and health – key research topics in the past and future
Philip Tucker
title_short Working hours and health – key research topics in the past and future
title_full Working hours and health – key research topics in the past and future
title_fullStr Working hours and health – key research topics in the past and future
title_full_unstemmed Working hours and health – key research topics in the past and future
title_sort Working hours and health – key research topics in the past and future
author_id_str_mv 7d07250cf5f1cbaf8788af9f48cf000a
author_id_fullname_str_mv 7d07250cf5f1cbaf8788af9f48cf000a_***_Philip Tucker
author Philip Tucker
author2 Mikko Härmä
Göran Kecklund
Philip Tucker
format Journal article
container_title Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health
container_volume 0
publishDate 2024
institution Swansea University
issn 0355-3140
1795-990X
doi_str_mv 10.5271/sjweh.4157
publisher Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str School of Psychology{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Psychology
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Objective This paper discusses the past and present highlights of working hours and health research and identifies key research needs for the future.Method We analyzed over 220 original articles and reviews on working hours and health in the Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health published during the last 50 years. Key publications from other journals were also included.Results The majority of identified articles focussed on the effects of shift and night work, with fewer studying long and reduced working hours and work time control. We observed a transition from small-scale experimental and intensive field studies to large-scale epidemiological studies utilizing precise exposure assessment, reflecting the recent emergence of register-based datasets and the development of analytic methods and alternative study designs for randomized controlled designs. The cumulative findings provide convincing evidence that shift work and long working hours, which are often associated with night work and insufficient recovery, increase the risk of poor sleep and fatigue, sickness absence, occupational injuries, and several chronic health conditions such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The observed risks are strongly modified by individual and work-related factors.Conclusions Although the observed health risks of shift work and long working hours are mostly low or moderate, the widespread prevalence of exposure and the hazardousness of the many associated potential outcomes makes such working time arrangements major occupational health risks. Further research is needed to identify exposure–response associations, especially in relation to the chronic health effects, and to elucidate underlying pathways and effective personalized intervention strategies.
published_date 2024-03-18T15:12:55Z
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score 11.016235

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