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A new approach to diagnosing and researching developmental prosopagnosia: Excluded cases are impaired too

Edwin Burns Orcid Logo, Elizabeth Gaunt, Betiel Kidane, Lucy Hunter, Jaylea Pulford

Behavior Research Methods, Volume: 55, Issue: 8, Pages: 4291 - 4314

Swansea University Author: Edwin Burns Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.3758/s13428-022-02017-w

Abstract

Developmental prosopagnosia is characterized by severe, lifelong difficulties when recognizing facial identity. Unfortunately, the most common diagnostic assessment (Cambridge Face Memory Test) misses 50–65% of individuals who believe that they have this condition. This results in such excluded case...

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Published in: Behavior Research Methods
ISSN: 1554-3528
Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2023
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa65863
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This results in such excluded cases’ absence from scientific knowledge, effect sizes of impairment potentially overestimated, treatment efficacy underrated, and may elicit in them a negative experience of research. To estimate their symptomology and group-level impairments in face processing, we recruited a large cohort who believes that they have prosopagnosia. Matching prior reports, 56% did not meet criteria on the Cambridge Face Memory Test. However, the severity of their prosopagnosia symptoms and holistic perception deficits were comparable to those who did meet criteria. Excluded cases also exhibited face perception and memory impairments that were roughly one standard deviation below neurotypical norms, indicating the presence of objective problems. As the prosopagnosia index correctly classified virtually every case, we propose it should be the primary method for providing a diagnosis, prior to subtype categorization. We present researchers with a plan on how they can analyze these excluded prosopagnosia cases in their future work without negatively impacting their traditional findings. We anticipate such inclusion will enhance scientific knowledge, more accurately estimate effect sizes of impairments and treatments, and identify commonalities and distinctions between these different forms of prosopagnosia. 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spelling v2 65863 2024-03-19 A new approach to diagnosing and researching developmental prosopagnosia: Excluded cases are impaired too fd2ee0c494abf5744c49ab6dd1f034bc 0000-0002-5938-5457 Edwin Burns Edwin Burns true false 2024-03-19 PSYS Developmental prosopagnosia is characterized by severe, lifelong difficulties when recognizing facial identity. Unfortunately, the most common diagnostic assessment (Cambridge Face Memory Test) misses 50–65% of individuals who believe that they have this condition. This results in such excluded cases’ absence from scientific knowledge, effect sizes of impairment potentially overestimated, treatment efficacy underrated, and may elicit in them a negative experience of research. To estimate their symptomology and group-level impairments in face processing, we recruited a large cohort who believes that they have prosopagnosia. Matching prior reports, 56% did not meet criteria on the Cambridge Face Memory Test. However, the severity of their prosopagnosia symptoms and holistic perception deficits were comparable to those who did meet criteria. Excluded cases also exhibited face perception and memory impairments that were roughly one standard deviation below neurotypical norms, indicating the presence of objective problems. As the prosopagnosia index correctly classified virtually every case, we propose it should be the primary method for providing a diagnosis, prior to subtype categorization. We present researchers with a plan on how they can analyze these excluded prosopagnosia cases in their future work without negatively impacting their traditional findings. We anticipate such inclusion will enhance scientific knowledge, more accurately estimate effect sizes of impairments and treatments, and identify commonalities and distinctions between these different forms of prosopagnosia. Owing to their atypicalities in visual perception, we recommend that the prosopagnosia index should be used to screen out potential prosopagnosia cases from broader vision research. Journal Article Behavior Research Methods 55 8 4291 4314 Springer Science and Business Media LLC 1554-3528 Diagnosing; Criteria; Prosopamnesia; Prosopagnosia; Single-case analysis; Apperceptive; Associative 2 12 2023 2023-12-02 10.3758/s13428-022-02017-w COLLEGE NANME Psychology School COLLEGE CODE PSYS Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee 2024-07-15T12:32:38.1093692 2024-03-19T10:33:18.1114986 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Psychology Edwin Burns 0000-0002-5938-5457 1 Elizabeth Gaunt 2 Betiel Kidane 3 Lucy Hunter 4 Jaylea Pulford 5 65863__29896__609efae0be6b4a7d91bef30d077a69e1.pdf 65863.pdf 2024-04-03T15:41:23.0923166 Output 1205714 application/pdf Version of Record true This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. false eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title A new approach to diagnosing and researching developmental prosopagnosia: Excluded cases are impaired too
spellingShingle A new approach to diagnosing and researching developmental prosopagnosia: Excluded cases are impaired too
Edwin Burns
title_short A new approach to diagnosing and researching developmental prosopagnosia: Excluded cases are impaired too
title_full A new approach to diagnosing and researching developmental prosopagnosia: Excluded cases are impaired too
title_fullStr A new approach to diagnosing and researching developmental prosopagnosia: Excluded cases are impaired too
title_full_unstemmed A new approach to diagnosing and researching developmental prosopagnosia: Excluded cases are impaired too
title_sort A new approach to diagnosing and researching developmental prosopagnosia: Excluded cases are impaired too
author_id_str_mv fd2ee0c494abf5744c49ab6dd1f034bc
author_id_fullname_str_mv fd2ee0c494abf5744c49ab6dd1f034bc_***_Edwin Burns
author Edwin Burns
author2 Edwin Burns
Elizabeth Gaunt
Betiel Kidane
Lucy Hunter
Jaylea Pulford
format Journal article
container_title Behavior Research Methods
container_volume 55
container_issue 8
container_start_page 4291
publishDate 2023
institution Swansea University
issn 1554-3528
doi_str_mv 10.3758/s13428-022-02017-w
publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str School of Psychology{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Psychology
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description Developmental prosopagnosia is characterized by severe, lifelong difficulties when recognizing facial identity. Unfortunately, the most common diagnostic assessment (Cambridge Face Memory Test) misses 50–65% of individuals who believe that they have this condition. This results in such excluded cases’ absence from scientific knowledge, effect sizes of impairment potentially overestimated, treatment efficacy underrated, and may elicit in them a negative experience of research. To estimate their symptomology and group-level impairments in face processing, we recruited a large cohort who believes that they have prosopagnosia. Matching prior reports, 56% did not meet criteria on the Cambridge Face Memory Test. However, the severity of their prosopagnosia symptoms and holistic perception deficits were comparable to those who did meet criteria. Excluded cases also exhibited face perception and memory impairments that were roughly one standard deviation below neurotypical norms, indicating the presence of objective problems. As the prosopagnosia index correctly classified virtually every case, we propose it should be the primary method for providing a diagnosis, prior to subtype categorization. We present researchers with a plan on how they can analyze these excluded prosopagnosia cases in their future work without negatively impacting their traditional findings. We anticipate such inclusion will enhance scientific knowledge, more accurately estimate effect sizes of impairments and treatments, and identify commonalities and distinctions between these different forms of prosopagnosia. Owing to their atypicalities in visual perception, we recommend that the prosopagnosia index should be used to screen out potential prosopagnosia cases from broader vision research.
published_date 2023-12-02T12:32:37Z
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