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Children’s fitness, physical activity and motor competency; before, during and in the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic / AMIE RICHARDS

Swansea University Author: AMIE RICHARDS

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DOI (Published version): 10.23889/SUthesis.66169

Abstract

Children do not engage in sufficient amounts physical activity, to promote fitness and motor competence, which is essential for children’s health, growth, and development. More evidence is required on physical activity levels, associations between motor competencies and fitness, and perhaps most imp...

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Published: Swansea University, Wales, UK 2024
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: Ph.D
Supervisor: Stratton, G. and Griffiths, L.J.
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa66169
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first_indexed 2024-04-25T12:38:04Z
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The overarching aim of this research was to investigate children’s physical activity, fitness, and motor competence. Given the COVID-19 pandemic and unprecedented impact that had on individual behaviours whilst this project was ongoing, this research also investigated the impact of this onphysical activity levels in children before, during and in the recovery from the pandemic.Study one synthesised pre-pandemic data to produce the Active Healthy Kids Wales 2021 Report Card. The results highlighted that 8/11 grades remained the same or decreased between 2016 and 2018. For deeper insight the second investigation found that physical fitness was associated with swimming and cycling competencies after accounting for age, body mass index, deprivation, gender, and sports club attendance and our third study, revealed a significant inequality in motor competence between children with and without additional learning needs.The natural experiment that occurred through COVID-19 allowed for the fourth piece of empirical work to use a qualitative approach to explore parents and children’s perceptions of children’s physical activity and sedentary behaviours within the home during the first lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results revealed a decrease in the children’s physical activity and an increase in sedentary behaviour; with barriers to physical activity including home-schooling and access to media equipment and facilitators including siblings and outside space. As an extension to study 4, the final study explored changes in children’s physical activity and sedentary behaviour at three time points throughout the pandemic. Reductions in children’s autonomy and relatedness during the lockdown restrictions led to decreases in physical activity and increases in sedentary time, some of which remained low when restrictions were eased.This novel body of research reiterates children’s low levels of physical activity while noting the importance of swimming and cycling competencies for fitness. Moreover, children’s activity remains below pre-COVID levels and public health messages for parents and teachers are imperative for children’s healthy development and wellbeing. 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spelling v2 66169 2024-04-25 Children’s fitness, physical activity and motor competency; before, during and in the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic 296a641acd1965ccadd075566c0097b9 AMIE RICHARDS AMIE RICHARDS true false 2024-04-25 Children do not engage in sufficient amounts physical activity, to promote fitness and motor competence, which is essential for children’s health, growth, and development. More evidence is required on physical activity levels, associations between motor competencies and fitness, and perhaps most importantly, the potential long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The overarching aim of this research was to investigate children’s physical activity, fitness, and motor competence. Given the COVID-19 pandemic and unprecedented impact that had on individual behaviours whilst this project was ongoing, this research also investigated the impact of this onphysical activity levels in children before, during and in the recovery from the pandemic.Study one synthesised pre-pandemic data to produce the Active Healthy Kids Wales 2021 Report Card. The results highlighted that 8/11 grades remained the same or decreased between 2016 and 2018. For deeper insight the second investigation found that physical fitness was associated with swimming and cycling competencies after accounting for age, body mass index, deprivation, gender, and sports club attendance and our third study, revealed a significant inequality in motor competence between children with and without additional learning needs.The natural experiment that occurred through COVID-19 allowed for the fourth piece of empirical work to use a qualitative approach to explore parents and children’s perceptions of children’s physical activity and sedentary behaviours within the home during the first lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results revealed a decrease in the children’s physical activity and an increase in sedentary behaviour; with barriers to physical activity including home-schooling and access to media equipment and facilitators including siblings and outside space. As an extension to study 4, the final study explored changes in children’s physical activity and sedentary behaviour at three time points throughout the pandemic. Reductions in children’s autonomy and relatedness during the lockdown restrictions led to decreases in physical activity and increases in sedentary time, some of which remained low when restrictions were eased.This novel body of research reiterates children’s low levels of physical activity while noting the importance of swimming and cycling competencies for fitness. Moreover, children’s activity remains below pre-COVID levels and public health messages for parents and teachers are imperative for children’s healthy development and wellbeing. There remains a need for additional nationwide mixed-methodology research into these levels and attributes of children’s physical activity. E-Thesis Swansea University, Wales, UK Children, physical activity, motor competence, fitness, COVID-19 22 3 2024 2024-03-22 10.23889/SUthesis.66169 A selection of content is redacted or is partially redacted from this thesis to protect sensitive and personal information. COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Stratton, G. and Griffiths, L.J. Doctoral Ph.D KESS KESS 2024-06-20T14:41:41.1941262 2024-04-25T13:22:48.0947124 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences AMIE RICHARDS 1 66169__30705__c97cb0b323ea4d3a8948da7d1530ad83.pdf 2024_Richards_A.final.66169.pdf 2024-06-20T14:38:49.8289748 Output 22074306 application/pdf E-Thesis – open access true Copyright: The Author, Amie Bethan Richards, 2023 true eng
title Children’s fitness, physical activity and motor competency; before, during and in the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic
spellingShingle Children’s fitness, physical activity and motor competency; before, during and in the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic
AMIE RICHARDS
title_short Children’s fitness, physical activity and motor competency; before, during and in the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic
title_full Children’s fitness, physical activity and motor competency; before, during and in the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic
title_fullStr Children’s fitness, physical activity and motor competency; before, during and in the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic
title_full_unstemmed Children’s fitness, physical activity and motor competency; before, during and in the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic
title_sort Children’s fitness, physical activity and motor competency; before, during and in the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic
author_id_str_mv 296a641acd1965ccadd075566c0097b9
author_id_fullname_str_mv 296a641acd1965ccadd075566c0097b9_***_AMIE RICHARDS
author AMIE RICHARDS
author2 AMIE RICHARDS
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publishDate 2024
institution Swansea University
doi_str_mv 10.23889/SUthesis.66169
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences
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description Children do not engage in sufficient amounts physical activity, to promote fitness and motor competence, which is essential for children’s health, growth, and development. More evidence is required on physical activity levels, associations between motor competencies and fitness, and perhaps most importantly, the potential long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The overarching aim of this research was to investigate children’s physical activity, fitness, and motor competence. Given the COVID-19 pandemic and unprecedented impact that had on individual behaviours whilst this project was ongoing, this research also investigated the impact of this onphysical activity levels in children before, during and in the recovery from the pandemic.Study one synthesised pre-pandemic data to produce the Active Healthy Kids Wales 2021 Report Card. The results highlighted that 8/11 grades remained the same or decreased between 2016 and 2018. For deeper insight the second investigation found that physical fitness was associated with swimming and cycling competencies after accounting for age, body mass index, deprivation, gender, and sports club attendance and our third study, revealed a significant inequality in motor competence between children with and without additional learning needs.The natural experiment that occurred through COVID-19 allowed for the fourth piece of empirical work to use a qualitative approach to explore parents and children’s perceptions of children’s physical activity and sedentary behaviours within the home during the first lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results revealed a decrease in the children’s physical activity and an increase in sedentary behaviour; with barriers to physical activity including home-schooling and access to media equipment and facilitators including siblings and outside space. As an extension to study 4, the final study explored changes in children’s physical activity and sedentary behaviour at three time points throughout the pandemic. Reductions in children’s autonomy and relatedness during the lockdown restrictions led to decreases in physical activity and increases in sedentary time, some of which remained low when restrictions were eased.This novel body of research reiterates children’s low levels of physical activity while noting the importance of swimming and cycling competencies for fitness. Moreover, children’s activity remains below pre-COVID levels and public health messages for parents and teachers are imperative for children’s healthy development and wellbeing. There remains a need for additional nationwide mixed-methodology research into these levels and attributes of children’s physical activity.
published_date 2024-03-22T14:41:40Z
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